ISSN 0016-9013 | PRINT • ISSN 1758-5341 | ONLINE Vol. 55 | No. 1 • February 2015 The THE GERONTOLOGIST GERONTOLOGIST Special Issue: Successful Aging ® VOLUME 55/NUMBER 1/February 2015 The Gerontologist A Journal of The Gerontological Society of America Rachel Pruchno, PhD Editor-in-Chief Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine 42 East Laurel Road, Suite 2300 Stratford, NJ 08084-1504 Email: [email protected] Megan McCutcheon, MA Managing Editor The Gerontological Society of America 1220 L Street NW, Suite 901 Washington, DC 20005 E-mail: [email protected] Barbara J. Bowers, PhD, RN, FAAN, Editor: Qualitative Research University of Wisconsin-Madison Helen Kivnick, PhD, Editor: Humanities & Arts University of Minnesota Rick J. Scheidt, PhD, Associate Editor: On Film and Digital Media, Kansas State University Suzanne Meeks, PhD, Editor: Practice Concepts University of Louisville Nicholas G. Castle, PhD, Editor: International Research University of Pittsburgh Judith G. Gonyea, PhD, Editor: Book Reviews Boston University Jim Vanden Bosch, MA, Associate Editor: On Film and Digital Media, Terra Nova Films John B. Williamson, PhD, Editor: Policy Studies Boston College HONORARY EDITORS-IN-CHIEF Oscar J. Kaplan, PhD, 1961–1966 (deceased) Donald P. Kent, PhD, 1967–1969 (deceased) Jerome Kaplan, PhD, 1970–1975 (deceased) Elias S. Cohen, MPA, JD, 1976–1981 Hiram J. Friedsam, PhD, 1982–1984 (deceased) Sheldon S. Tobin, PhD, 1985–1988 Rosalie A. Kane, PhD, 1989–1992 Rose C. Gibson, PhD, 1993–1996 Vernon L. Greene, PhD, 1997–1999 Laurence G. Branch, PhD, 2000–2001 Linda S. Noelker, PhD, 2002–2006 William J. McAuley, PhD, 2007–2010 PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE Luigi Ferrucci, Chair National Institute on Aging Debra Bakerjian University of California, Davis Nicholas Castle University of Pittsburgh Robert Hudson Boston University Hiroshi Saito University of Kentucky Rafael de Cabo National Institute on Aging Bob G. Knight University of Southern California Merril Silverstein Syracuse University Shoshana H. Bardach Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center Karen Fingerman The University of Texas at Austin Mercedes E. Bern-Klug University of Iowa Sherry Greenberg University of Pennsylvania Abraham Brody New York University College of Nursing Judith Howe Mount Sinai School of Medicine/Bronx VAGRECC Stephen Kritchevsky Wake Forest University David Waters Gerald P Murphy Cancer Foundation Margie E. Lachman Brandeis University Donna Weinreich Western Michigan University Rachel Pruchno Rowan University GSA PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT Mya Green, Production Editor INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS: Refer to the Instructions to Authors page online: http://www.oxfordjournals.org/ our_journals/geront/for_authors/general.html. GERONT05401M THE GERONTOLOGIST A Journal of The Gerontological Society of America EDITORIAL BOARD Steven M. Albert, PhD Steven M. Albert, PhD University ofUniversity Pittsburgh of Pittsburgh L. Angel, PhD Rebecca S.Jacqueline Allen, PhD The University of Texas at Austin The University of Alabama Özgür Arun, PhD Akdeniz PhD University Jacqueline L. Angel, The University ofMyra Texas at Austin A. Aud, PhD, RN University of Missouri-Columbia Tamara A. Tamara Baker, A. PhD Baker, PhD University of South Florida University of Kansas Mary M. Ball, PhD Daniel Béland Emory University Johnson-Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy Shoshana H. Bardach, PhD Lexington Veterans Medical Center Jennifer Bellot, PhD, RN,Affairs MHSA Thomas Jefferson University Kristin Baughman, PhD Northeast Ohio Medical University Mercedes Bern-Klug, PhD, MSW Daniel Béland The University of Iowa School of Public Policy Johnson-Shoyama Graduate Mercedes Richard Birkel,Bern-Klug, PhD PhD, MSW The University of Iowa National Council on Aging Richard Birkel, PhD Council Christine E.National Bishop, PhDon Aging Brandeis University Jamila Bookwala, PhD Joseph E.N.Gaugler, PhD Laura Gitlin, PhD University of Minnesota Johns Hopkins University Pecchioni, PhD LarryLoretta Polivka, PhD Claude Pepper Center Louisiana State University R. Turner Goins, PhD Laura N. Gitlin, PhD Western Carolina University Johns Hopkins University Thomas R. Prohaska, PhD NancyUniversity J. Petersen, PhD George Mason Stephen M. Golant, PhD University of Florida Kathy E. Green, PhD Kathy E. Green, PhD University of Denver University of Denver R. Turner Goins, PhD Emily A. Greenfield, PhD West University Rutgers, the Virginia State University of New Jersey Leslie K.Hasche, Hasche, PhD, Leslie K. PhD,MSW MSW University of Denver University of Denver William E. Haley, PhD UniversityE.of Haley, South Florida William PhD Gregory A.of Hinrichsen, PhD University South Florida Mount Sinai School of Medicine Jon Hendricks, Faith Pratt Hopp,PhD PhD WayneState State University Oregon University Kathryn Hyer, PhD, MPP Pamela Herd, PhD University of South Florida University of Wisconsin Shannon Jarrott, PhD Tech PhD Robert Virginia B. Hudson, Marshall B. University Kapp, JD, MPH Boston Florida State University Lafayette College Kathryn Hyer, PhD, Brian Kaskie, PhDMPP University of Iowa University of South Florida Medical Center Marshall Kapp, JD, MPH UniversityB. of Nebraska at Omaha Florida State University Mary Ann Kluge, PhD Jamila Bookwala, PhD Hayden Bosworth, PhD Lafayette CollegeCenter and Duke University Durham VA Medical Hayden Bosworth, PhD Margaret P. Calkins, PhD Durham VA Medical and Inc. IDEASCenter Consulting Duke University Medical Center Francis Caro, PhD University of Massachusetts Barbara J. Bowers, PhD, RN, FAANBoston Dawn C. Carr, PhD University of Wisconsin-Madison Nancy Kelley-Gillespie, PhD University of Colorado, Colorado Brian Kaskie, PhD Springs Peter A. Lichtenberg, PhD, ABPP University of Iowa Wayne State University Stanford Center on Longevity Nancy Kelley-Gillespie, Phoebe S. Liebig, PhDPhD UniversityofofNebraska Southern California University at Omaha Constance L. Coogle, PhD Mary Ann ofKluge, PhD University Washington University of Colorado, Colorado Springs Ronald J. Manheimer, PhD Margaret P. Calkins, PhDPhD, RN, FAAN Barbara B. Cochrane, UniversityInc. of Washington IDEAS Consulting Francis Caro, PhD Virginia Commonwealth University University of Massachusetts Boston Teresa Cooney, PhD University Colorado Denver Nicholas G. Castle,of PhD Katrina Cubit, University of Pittsburgh PhD Australian Nursing & Midwifery Accreditation Council Barbara B. Cochrane, PhD, RN, FAAN G. Choi, PhD University ofNamkee Washington University of Texas at Austin Constance L. Coogle, PhDPhD Sara J. Czaja of MiamiUniversity Miller School of Medicine VirginiaUniversity Commonwealth Jeanette M. Daly, RN, PhD Teresa Cooney, PhD of Iowa The University UniversityKara of Missouri Bottiggi Dassel, PhD University of Utah Katrina Cubit, PhD Davey, PhD Australian NursingAdam & Midwifery Temple University Accreditation Council Rebecca G. Logsdon, PhD Manheimer Group Peter A. The Lichtenberg, PhD, ABPP Graham Wayne J. McDougall Jr., PhD, RN, FAAN, State University FGSA The University of Alabama Phoebe S. Liebig, PhD Lisa of C. Southern McGuire, California PhD University Center for Disease Control and Prevention Rebecca G. Logsdon, PhD Kate de Medeiros, PhD University Washington MiamiofUniversity Claudia Meyer, MPHPhD Ronald J. Manheimer, National Ageing Research Institute The Manheimer Group Edward Alan Miller, PhD, MPA Graham J. of McDougall Jr., PhD, University Massachusetts Boston RN, FAAN, PhD, FGSA Nancy Morrow-Howell, MSW, ACSW The University of Texasin at Washington University St.Austin Louis Naoko PhD, MHSA LisaMuramatsu, C. McGuire, PhD University of Illinois at Chicago Howard B. Degenholtz, PhD Center for Disease Control and Linda S. Noelker, PhD Prevention Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging University of Washington Tacoma KateFrank de Medeiros, PhD Oswald, PhD Goethe University Frankfurt Miami University University Sara J. Czaja PhDof Pittsburgh Charles A. Emlet,ofPh.D, MSW University of Miami Miller School Medicine Jeanette M. Daly, PhD PhD KarenRN, Fingerman, The University of Texas at Austin The University of Iowa Richard H. Fortinsky, PhD Kara Bottiggi PhD Health Center UniversityDassel, of Connecticut Arizona Association HeleneofH.AAAs Fung, PhD Chinese University of Hong Kong Adam Davey, PhD Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi, PhD, RN Temple University University of Wisconsin - Madison Howard B. Degenholtz, PhD University of Pittsburgh David J. Ekerdt, PhD University of Kansas Patricia A. Parmelee, PhD Suzanne Meeks, PhD The University of Alabama University of Louisville Julie Hicks Patrick, PhD West Virginia University Claudia Meyer, MPH Loretta Pecchioni, National Ageing ResearchPhD Institute Louisiana State University EdwardCarl Alan Miller,DrPH PhD, MPA F. Pieper, University of Massachusetts Boston Duke University Medical Center Nancy Morrow-Howell, PhD, MSW, ACSW Washington University in St. Louis Naoko Muramatsu, PhD, MHSA University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Anna Rahman, PhD Center, Houston University of Southern California Ruth E. Ray,F.PhD Carl Pieper, DrPH Wayne State University Duke University Medical Center Virginia E. Richardson, PhD, MSW The Ohio State University Larry Polivka, PhD Sara E.Claude Rix, PhD Pepper Center AARP Public Policy Institute R. Prohaska, PhD Tonya J.Thomas Roberts, PhD, RN University of Veterans IllinoisHospital, at Chicago William S. Middleton Memorial Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Madison, WI Jill Quadagno, PhD University ofThe Wisconsin Florida- Madison State University Karen A. Roberto, PhD Annaand Rahman, PhD Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University University of MEd Southern California Miriam S. Rose, Benjamin Rose Institute on Aging Ruth E. Ray, PhD Michael J. Rovine, PhD Wayne State University Pennsylvania State University Debra Saliba, MPH Virginia E. MD, Richardson, PhD, MSW University of California Borun Center The Ohio State University Los Angeles VA Geriatrics Research and Clinical Care Laura P. Sands, Sara PhD E. 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