References Abeles F.B., Morgan O.W. and Sahveit M.E. (1992) In: Ethylene in plant biology, 2nd Ed. San Diego: Academic Press. Agnihotri R.K. and Nandi S.K. (2009) In vitro shoot cut: A high frequency multiplication and rooting method in bamboo Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. Biotechnol. 8: 259-263. Agnihotri R.K., Mishra J. and Nandi S.K. (2009) Improved in vitro shoot multiplication and rooting of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. ex Munro: production of genetically uniform plants and field evaluation. Acta Physiol. Plant. 31: 961-967. Ajithkumar D. and Seeni S. (1998) Rapid clonal multiplication through in vitro axillary shoots proliferation of Aegle marmelos (L.) Corr., a medicinal tree. Plant Cell Rep. 17: 422-426. Alaey M., Naderi R., Vezvaei A., Khalighi A. and Salami A. (2005) Comparing study between four different methods of genomic DNA extraction from Cyclamen persicum Mill. Intl. J. Agric. Biol. 7: 882-884. Alam M.K. (1982) A guide to eighteen species of bamboos from Bangladesh, second bulletin. Plant taxonomy series, FRI, Chittagong, p 29. Alexander M.P. and Rao T.C. (1968) In vitro culture of bamboo embryo. Curr. Sci. 37: 415. Ansari S.A., Kumar S. and Palaniswamy K. (1996) Peroxidase activity in relation to in vitro rhizogenesis and precocious flowering in Bambusa arundinacea. Curr. Sci. 71: 358-359. Arditti J. and Ernst R. (1993) Micropropagation of orchids. John Wiley & Sons, New York. Arencibia A.D., Carmona E.R., Tellez P., Chan M.T., Yu S.M., Trujillo L.E. and Oramas P. (1998) An efficient protocol for sugarcane (Saccharum spp. L.) transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transgenic Res. 7: 213– 222. Arshad S.M., Kumar A. and Bhatnagar S.K. (2005) Micropropagation of Bambusa wamin through shoot proliferation of mature nodal explants. J. Biol. Res. 3: 59-66. References 132 Diab E.E.E. and Mohamed S.E. (2008) In vitro morphogenesis and plant regeneration of bamboos (Oxytenanthera abyssinica A. Rich. Munro). Intl. J. Sust. Crop. Prod. 3:72-79. Dong W.J., Wu M.D., Lin Y., Zhou M.B. and Tang D.Q. (2011) Evaluation of 15 caespitose bamboo EST-SSR markers for cross-species/genera transferability and ability to identify interspecies hybrids. Plant Breed. 130: 596–600. Doyle J.J. and Doyle J.L. (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12: 11-15. Dunstan D.I. and Thorpe T.A. (1986) Regeneration in forest trees. In: Vasil I.K. (ed) Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants. Vol 3, Orlando Academic Press, pp 223-241. FAO (2005) World Bamboo Resources – a thematic study prepared in the framework of the Global Forest Resources Assessment. FAO. Filgueiras T.S. and Goncalves A.P.S. (2004) A checklist of the basal grasses and bamboos in Brazil. Bamboo Sci. Cult. 18: 7–18. Fredricks D.N., Smith C. and Meier A. (2005) Comparison of Six DNA Extraction Methods for Recovery of Fungal DNA as Assessed by Quantitative PCR. J. Clinical Microbiol. 43: 5122-5128. Friar E. and Kochert G. (1991) Bamboo germplasm screening with nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Theor. Appl. Genet. 82:697–703. Friar E. and Kochert G. (1994) A study of genetic variation and evolution of Phyllostachys (bambusoideae: poaceae) using nuclear markers. Theor. Appl. Genet. 89: 265-270. Funada R., Kubo T., Tabuchi M., Sugiyama T. and Fushitani M. (2001) Seasonal variations in endogenous indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid in the cambial region of Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc. stems in relation to earlywood/latewood transition and cessation of tracheid production. Holzforschung 55:128-134. Gamborg O.L., Miller R.A. and Ojima L. (1968) Nutrient requirement of suspension culture of Soybean. Exp. Cell Res. 50:151-158. Gaspar T., Kevers C., Penel C., Greppin H., Reid D.M. and Thorpe T. (1996) Plant hormones and plant growth regulators in plant tissue culture. In vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. -Plant 32:272-289. References 127 Arya I.D. and Arya S. (1996) In vitro culture and establishment of exotic bamboo Dendrocalamus asper. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 35: 1252–1255. Arya I.D. and Arya S. (1997) In vitro culture and establishment of exotic bamboo Dendrocalamus asper. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 35:1252-1255. Arya I.D., Rana P.K., Satsangi R., Muzaffar F.S., Sharma S. and Arya S. (2002b) Rapid and mass multiplication of bamboos through tissue culture techniques. In: Nandi S.K., Palni L.M.S. and Kumar G.B. (eds) Role of Plant Tissue Culture in Biodiversity Conservation and Economic Development. Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nainital, pp 29–39. Arya S. and Sharma S. (1998) Micropropagation technology of Bambusa bambos through shoot proliferation. Indian Forest. 124: 725–731. Arya S., Rana P.K. and Arya S. (2005) Tissue culture studies on Bambusa polymorpha. In: Trivedi P.C. (ed) Advances in Biotechnology. Agrobios Jodhpur, India, pp 229240. Arya S., Rana P.K., Sharma R. and Arya I.D. (2006) Tissue culture technology for rapid multiplication of Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro. Indian Forest. 3: 345-357. Arya S., Satsangi R. and Arya I.D. (2002a) Rapid mass multiplication of edible bamboo Dendrocalamus asper. J. Sust. Forest. 4: 103-109. Arya S., Satsangi R. and Arya I.D. (2008) Large scale production of edible bamboo Dendrocalamus asper through somatic embryogenesis. J. Am. Bamboo Soc. 21: 13-23. Arya S., Sharma S., Kaur R. and Arya I.D. (1999) Micropropagation of Dendrocalamus asper by shoot proliferation using seeds. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 879–882. Bag N., Chandra S., Palni L.M.S. and Nandi S.K. (2000) Micropropagation of devringal [Thamnocalamus spathiflorus (Trin.) Munro] - a temperate bamboo, and comparison between in vitro propagated plants and seedlings. Plant Sci. 156: 125– 135. Bag N., Palni L.M.S., Chandra S. and Nandi S.K. (2012) Somatic embryogenesis in 'Maggar' bamboo (Dendrocalamus hamiltonii) and field performance of regenerated plants. Curr. Sci. 102: 1279-1287. References 128 Banerjee M., Saikat G. and Pramanik B.R. (2011) A two step method for accelerated mass propagation of Dendrocalamus asper and their field evaluation. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants 17: 387-393. Banik R.L. (1995) Selection criteria and population enhancement of priority bamboos. In: Williams J.T., Ramanuja Rao I.V. and Rao A.N. (eds) Genetic enhancement of bamboo and rattan. INBAR Technical Report (Delhi) 7: 99-110. Banik R.L. and Alam M.K. (1987) A note on the flowering of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. Bano Biggyan Patrika 16: 25–29. Barkley N.A., Newman M.L., Wang M.L., Hotchkiss M.W. and Pederson G.A. (2005) Assessment of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of a temperate bamboo collection by using transferred EST-SSR markers. Genome 48: 731–737. Bernier G., Havelange A., Hussa C., Petitjean A. and Lejeune P. (1993) Physiological signals that induce flowering. Plant Cell 5: 1147-1155. Bhatt I.D. and Dhar U. (2004) Factors controlling micropropagation of Myrica esculenta buch.– Ham. ex D. Don: a high value wild edible of Kumaun Himalaya. Af. J. Biotechnol. 3:534-540. Bhojwani S.S. and Razdan M.K. (1996) Plant tissue culture: Theory and practice. Elsevier, Amsterdam. Biradar D.P., Patil V.C., Kuruvinashetti M.S., Biradar M.D., Patil S.V. and Yaradoni S.N. (2005) Characterization of bamboo elite clones from Western Ghats of India using RAPD markers. In: The role of biotechnology. Villa Gualino, Turin, Italy, pp. 155-156. Bisht P., Pant M. and Kant A. (2010) In vitro propagation of Gigantochloa atroviolaceae Widjaja through nodal explants. J. Am. Sci. 6:1019-1026. Bokszczanin K. and Prazybyla A.A. (2006) Copper (II) acetate improves the quality of pear (Pyrus) DNA during extraction. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 24: 249a-249d. Bonga J.M. and Durzan D.J. (1987) Cell and tissue culture in forestry, vol. 1. Dordrecht, Martins Nijhoff. Brandis D. (1899) Biological notes on Indian bamboos. Indian Forest. 25: 1–25. Bushra C., Afshan Y., Tayyab H. and Riazuddin S. (1999) Mini-scale genomic DNA extraction from cotton. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 17: 1-7. 129 References Butenko R.G., Lipsky A.K., Chernyak N.D. and Arya H.C. (1984) Changes in the culture medium pH by cell suspension cultures of Dioscorea deltoidea. Plant Sci. Lett. 35: 207-212. Bystriakova N., Kapos V. and Lysenko I. (2004) Bamboo biodiversity. Africa, Madagascar and the Americas. UNEP-WCMC/INBAR. Bystriakova N., Kapos V., Lysenko I. and Stapleton C. (2003a) Distribution and conservation status of forest bamboo biodiversity in the Asia Pacific region. Biodiver. Conser. 12: 1833–1841. Bystriakova N., Kapos V., Stapleton C. and Lysenko I. (2003b) Bamboo Biodiversity: Information for planning conservation and management in the Asia Pacific Region. UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Center and International Network for Bamboo and Rattan, Cambridge, UK, pp. 1–71. Cankar K., Stebih D., Dreo T., Zel J. and Gruden K. (2006) Critical points of DNA quantification by real-time PCR - effects of DNA extraction method and sample matrix on quantification of genetically modified organisms. BMC Biotechnol. 6: 37-51. Carimi F., Zottini M., Formentin E., Terzi M. and Lo Schiavo F. (2003) Cytokinins: new apoptotic inducers in plants. Planta 216:413–421. Chambers S.M., Heuch J.H.R. and Pirrie A. (1991) Micropropagation and in vitro flowering of the bamboo Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Munro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 27: 45-48. Chang C., Chen Y.C., Hsu Y.H., Wu J.T., Hu C.C., Chang W.C. and Lin N.S. (2005) Transgenic resistance to Cymbidium mosaic virus in Dendrobium expressing the viral capsid protein gene. Transgenic Res. 14: 41–46. Chang W.C. (1991) Bamboo. In: Bajaj Y.P.S. (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 15, Tree III. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 221–237. Chang W.C. (1994) Somatic embryogenesis of Bambusa oldhamii, Bambusa beecheyana and Sinocalamus latiflora. In: Jain S., Gupta P. and Newton R. (eds) Embryogenesis in woody plants. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 53–65. Chang W.C. and Ho C.W. (1997) Micropropagation of bamboo. In: Bajaj Y.P.S. (ed) Biotechnology in agriculture and forestry, vol 39, Hightech micropropagation. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 203–219. and 130 References Chang W.C. and Lan T.H. (1995) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from roots of bamboo (Bambusa beecheyana Munro Var beecheyana). J. Plant Physiol. 145:535–538. Chaturvedi H.C., Sharma M. and Sharma A.K. (1993) In vitro regeneration of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees through nodal segments taken from field grown culms. Plant Sci. 91: 97-101. Chauhan S.K., Sharma P.K. and Moorthi T.V. (1992) Studies on wooing wastelands for environmental protection and economical biomass productivity with bamboos Dendrocalamus hamiltonii in Western Himalayas - some projections. Indian J Forest 15: 120-130. Cheah K.T. and Chaille L.C. (2011) Somatic embryogenesis from mature Bambusa ventricosa. In: Biotechnology. College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR), UH, Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai. Pp 1-5 Chen S.Y., Lin Y.T., Lin C.W., Chen W.Y., Yang C.H. and Ku H.M. (2010) Transferability of rice SSR markers to bamboo. Euphytica 175: 23-33. Cheng M., Lowe B.A., Spencer T.M., Ye X. and Armstrong C.L. (2004) Factors influencing Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of monocotyledonous species. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 40:31–45. Chiu W.B., Lin C.H., Chang C.J., Hsieh M.H. and Wang A.Y. (2006) Molecular characterization and expression of four cDNAs encoding sucrose synthase from green bamboo Bambusa oldhamii. New Phytol. 170: 53-63. Constabel F. (1984) Callus culture: Induction and maintenance. In: Vasil I.K. (ed.) Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plants, Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York. Csaikl U.M., Bastian H., Brettschneider R., Gauch S., Meir A., Schauerte M., Scholz F., Sperisen C., Vornam B. and Ziegenhagen B. (1998) Comparative analysis of different DNA extraction protocols: A fast, universal maxi-preparation of high quality plant DNA for genetic evaluation and phylogenetic studies. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 16: 69-86. Cuesta C., Ordas R.J., Rodriguez A. and Fernandez B. (2010) PCR-based molecular markers for assessment of somaclonal variation in Pinus pinea clones micropropagated in vitro. Biol. Plant. 54: 435-442. References 131 Das M. and Pal A. (2005) In vitro regeneration of Bambusa balcooa Roxb.: factors affecting changes of morphogenetic competence in the axillary buds. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 81: 109–112. Das M., Bhattacharya S. and Pal A. (2005) Generation and characterization of SCARs by cloning and sequencing of RAPD Products: A strategy for species-specific marker development in Bamboo. Ann. Bot. 95: 835–841. Das M., Bhattacharya S., Basak J. and Pal A. (2007) Phylogenetic relationships among the bamboo species as revealed by morphological characters and polymorphism analyses. Biol. Plant. 51: 667-672. Das P. and Rout G.R. (1991) Mass multiplication and flowering of bamboo in vitro. Orissa J. Hort. 19: 118-121. Das P. and Rout G.R. (1994) Analysis of current methods and approaches on the micropropagation of bamboo. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (India), LXIV, Section B, Biol. Sci. 64: 235-246. David F. (1984) The Book of Bamboo. Sierra Club Books. ISBN 0-87156-825-X. Dayan M.P. (1988) Survey, identification and pathogenicity of pests and diseases of bamboos in the Philippines. Sylvatrop, Philippine Forest Res J. 13: 61-77 DBT (2009-10) Annual Report 2009-10. Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, pp 61. Debergh P. (1982) In: Fujiwara A (ed) Plant Tissue Culture. Japanese Association of Plant Tissue Culture, Tokyo pp135–136. Dekkers A.J. and Rao A.N. (1989) Tissue culture of four bamboo genera. In, Rao AN, Yusoff AM (eds.) Tissue Culture of Forest Species, FRIM/IDRC: 89-90. Dellaporta S.L., Wood J. and Hicks J. B. (1983) A plant DNA minipreparation: version II. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 1: 19-21. Demo P. (2008) Table sugar as an alternative low cost medium component for in vitro micropropagation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Af. J. Biotechnol. 7:25782584. Devi S.W. and Sharma G.J. (2009) In vitro shoot proliferation and enhancement of rooting in Melocanna bambusoides Trin. from nodal explants. J. Bamboo Rattan 8:43-52. References 133 Ghosh S., Devi S.W., Mandi S. and Talukdar N.C. (2011) Amplified fragment length polymorphism based study of phylogenetic relationship and genetic variability among some edible bamboo species of North-East India. J. Plant Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 2: 8-15. Ghosh S., Waikhom S.D., Mandi S.S. and Talukdar N.C. (2011) Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism based study of phylogenetic relationship and genetic variability among some edible Bamboo species of North-East India. J. Plant Mol. Biol. Biotechnol. 2: 8-15. Gielis J. (1998) Upstream fundamental research in bamboo-possibilities and directions. Keynote lecture at Vth International Bamboo Congress, San Jose, Costa Rica. Gielis J., Everaert I. and De Loose M. (1997) Genetic variability and relationships in Phyllostachys using random amplified polymorphic DNA. In: Chapman G.P. (ed) The bamboos. Linnean Society Symposium, vol 19. Academic Press, London, pp 107–124. Gielis J., Woods J.E., Woods S.H. and Oprins J. (2004) Micropropagation, synthetic seeds and germplasm storage of bamboos. US Patent 6,677,154 B2. Gillis K., Gielis J., Peeters H., Dhooghe E. and Oprins J. (2007) Somatic embryogenesis from mature Bambusa balcooa Roxb as basis for mass production of elite forestry bamboos. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 91:115-123. Giri C.C., Shyamkumar B. and Anjaneyulu C. (2004) Progress in tissue culture, genetic transformation and applications of biotechnology to trees: an overview. Trees 18:115–135. Godbole S., Sood A., Thakur R., Sharma M. and Ahuja P.S. (2002) Somatic embryogenesis and its conversion into plantlets in a multipurpose bamboo, Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. ex Munro. Curr. Sci. 83: 885-889. Goto S., Thakur R.C. and Ishii K. (1998) Determination of genetic stability in long-term micropropagated shoots of Pinus thunbergii Parl. using RAPD markers. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 193-197. GPWG (2001) Phylogeny and subfamilial classification of the grasses (Poaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 88: 373-457. References 134 Hassan A.A.E. and Debergh P. (1987) Embryogenesis and plantlet development in the bamboo Phyllostachys viridis (Young) McClure. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 10: 73-77. Hassan S.M. (1980) Studies on the structures and growth of bamboo buds in the light of their probable use in tissue culture. Bano Bigyan Patrika 9: 7-16. Heinz B. and Schmidt J. (1995) Monitoring genetic fidelity vs somaclonal variation in Norway Spruce (Picea abies) somatic embryogenesis by RAPD analysis. Euphytica 85:341-345. Heinz B. and Schmidt J. (1995) Monitoring genetic fidelity vs somaclonal variation in Norway Spruce (Picea abies) somatic embryogenesis by RAPD analysis. Euphytica 85:341-345. Hempel F.D., Weigel D., Mandel M.A., Ditta G., Zambryski P.C., Feldman L.J. and Yanofsky M.F. (1997) Floral determination and expression of floral regulatory genes in Arabidopsis. Development 124: 3845–3853. Heng H.P., Yeho H.H., Tan C.K.C. and Rao A.N. (1996) Leaf isozyme polymorphisms in bamboo species. J. Singapore Nat. Acad. Sci. 22: 10-14. Heylen C. and Vendrig J.C. (1988) The influence of different cytokinins and auxins on flower neoformation in thin cell layers of Nicotiana tabacum L. Plant Cell Physiol. 29: 665-671. Hiei Y., Ohta S., Komari T. and Kumashiro T. (1994) Efficient transformation of rice (Oriza sativa L.) mediated by Agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the T-DNA. Plant J. 6: 271–282. Hirimburegama K. and Gamage N. (1995) Propagation of Bambusa vulgaris (yellow bamboo) through nodal bud culture. J. Hort. Sci. 70: 469-475. Ho C.W. and Chang W.C. (1998) In vitro flowering of albino bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii Munro) regenerants derived from an eleven-year old embryogenic cell line. Acta Hort. 461: 433-438. Hodkinson T.R., Renvoize S.A., Chonghaile G.N., Stapleton C.M.A. and Chase M.W. (2000) A comparison of ITS nuclear rDNA sequence data and AFLP markers for phylogenetic studies in Phyllostachys (bambusoideae, poaceae). J. Plant Res. 113: 259-269. References 135 Hsu Y.H., Annamalai P., Lin C.S., Chen Y.Y., Chang W.C. and Lin N.S. (2000) A sensitive method for detecting bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and establishment of BaMV-free meristem tip cultures. Plant Pathol. 49: 101–107. Hu S., Zhou J., Cao Y., Lu X., Duan N., Ren P. and Chen K. (2011) In vitro callus induction and plant regeneration from mature seed embryo and young shoots in a giant sympodial bamboo, Dendrocalamus farinosus (Keng et Keng f.) Chia et H.L. Fung Af. J. Biotechnol. 10: 3210-3215. Hu S.L., Cao Y., Huang S.X., Sun X., Lu X.Q. and Jiang Y. (2009) Cloning and bioinformation analysis of 4CL gene in Neosinocalamus affinis. J. Northwest AF Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 37: 204-210. Huang L. and Murashige T. (1983) Tissue culture of bamboo. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 24: 31-52. Huang L.C. and Huang B.L. (1995) Loss of species distinguishing trait among regenerated Bambusa ventricosa McClure plants. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 42:109–111. Huang L.C., Huang B.L. and Chen W.L. (1989) Tissue culture investigations of bamboo - IV. Organogenesis leading to adventitious shoots and plants in excised shoot apices. Env. Exp. Bot. 19: 307-315. Huang L.C., Lee Y.L., Huang B.L., Kuo C.I. and Shaw J.F. (2002) High polyphenol oxidase activity and low titratable acidity in browning bamboo tissue culture. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. – Plant 38: 358-365 Huttley G.A., McRae A.F., Clegg M.T. (1995) Molecular evolution of the Ac/Ds transposable element family in pearl millet and other grasses. Genetics 139: 1411– 1419. Iida A., Yamashita T., Yamada Y., Morikawa H. (1991) Efficiency of particlebonbardment-mediated transformation is influenced by cell cycle stage in synchronized cultured cells of Tobacco. Plant Physiol. 97: 1585–1587. Isagi Y., Shimada K., Kushima H., Tanaka N., Ishikawa T., Onodera H. and Watanabe S. (2004) Clonal structure and flowering traits of a bamboo [Phyllostachys pubescens (Mazel) Ohwi] stand grown from a simultaneous flowering as revealed by AFLP analysis. Mol. Ecol. 13: 2017–2021. References 136 Janzen D.H. (1976) Why bamboos wait so long to flower? Ann. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7: 347– 391. Jenderek M.M., Shierenbeck K.A. and Olney A.J. (1997) Development of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers characteristic of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and H. syriacus. Center for Irrigation Technology, California State University, USA. Jenderek M.M., Shierenbeck K.A. and Olney A.J. (1997) Development of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers characteristic of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and H. syriacus. Center for Irrigation Technology, California State University, USA. Jie Y.G., Sheng W., Yan L.Q., Ping C.Z., Bao S.L., Jun H.Z., Liang J., Yin X.Z., Xun N.M.A. and Jiang L.F. (2007) Genome size and sequence composition of moso bamboo: a comparative study. Sci. China Series C: Life Sci. 50: 1–6. Jimenez V.M., Castillo J., Tavares E., Guevara E. and Montiel M. (2006) In vitro propagation of the neotropical giant bamboo, Guadua angustifolia Kunth, through axillary shoot proliferation. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 86: 389–395. John C.K. and Nadgauda R.S. (1999) In vitro-induced flowering in bamboos. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.- Plant 35: 309–315. Joshi M. and Nadgauda R.S. (1997) Cytokinins and in vitro induction of flowering in bamboo: Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Wild. Curr. Sci. 73: 523-526. Joshi P. and Dhawan V. (2007) Assessment of genetic fidelity of micropropagated Swertia chirayita plantlets by ISSR marker assay. Biol. Plant. 51: 22-26. Judziewicz E.J., Clark L.G., Londono X. and Stern M.J. (1999) American Bamboos. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, DC. Jullien F. and Van K.T.T. (1994) Micropropagation and embryoid formation from young leaves of Bambusa glaucescens golden goddess. Plant Sci. 98: 199–207. Kabir M.F., Bhattacharjee D.K. and Sattar M.A. (1993) Use of Bamboo skin in the cottage industry. BIC-India Bulletin 3: 49. Kadkhodaee S. (2003) A simple method for nucleic acid extraction from plants containing high polysaccharide and polyphenol components: Optimizing DNA extraction method in almonds. 3rd Congress of Biotechnology, Iran. Kalia R.K. (2001) Studies on standardization of micropropagation of Pinus roxburghii Sarg. Ph.D Thesis, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, India. References 137 Kalia R.K., Arya S., Kalia S. and Arya I.D. (2007) Plantlet regeneration from fascicular buds on seedling explants of Pinus roxburghii. Biol. Plant. 51:653-659. Kalia R.K., Rai M.K., Kalia S., Singh R. and Dhawan A.K. (2011b). Microsatellite markers: an overview of the recent progress in plants. Euphytica 177: 309–334. Kalia R.K., Singh R., Singh S.R., Mishra G.P., Rai M.K. and Dhawan A.K. (2011a) Biotechnological interventions in sea buckthorn (Hippophae L.) - current status and future prospects. Trees – Struct. Funct. 25: 559-575. Kalia S., Kalia R.K. and Sharma S.K. (2004) In vitro regeneration of an indigenous bamboo (Bambusa nutans) from internode and leaf explant. J. Bamboo Rattan 3: 217-228. Kanyaratt S. (1991) In vitro culture of some economic bamboos. Dissertation of Thialand. M. Sc. Thesis, Kaselsart University, pp 266. Kapoor P. and Rao I.U. (2006) In vitro rhizome induction and plantlet formation from multiple shoots in Bambusa bambos var. gigantea Bennet and Gaur by using growth regulators and sucrose. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 85: 211-217. Kelchner S.A. and Clark L.G. (1997) Molecular evolutions and phylogenetic utility of the chloroplast rpl 16 intron in Chusquea and Bambusiodeae (Poaceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 8: 385-397. Keukeleire P.D., Schepper S.D., Gielis J. and Gerats T. (2004) A PCR-based assay to detect hAT-like transposon sequences in plants. Chromosome Res. 12: 117–223. Khatta V. and Katoch B.S. (1983) Nutrient composition of some fodder tree leaves available in sub-mountainous region of Himachal Pradesh. Indian Forest. 109: 17–24. Kobayashi M. (1997) Phylogeny of world bamboos analyzed by restriction fragment length polymorphisms of chloroplast DNA. In: Chapman G.P. (ed) The Bamboos. Linean Society Symposium Series. Linean Society of London, UK, pp 61-81. Komatsu Y.H., Batagin-Piotto K.D., Brondani G.E., Gonclaves A.N. and Almeida M.D. (2011) In vitro morphogenic response of leaf sheath of Phyllostachys bambusoides. J. Forest Res. 22: 209-215. Kozai T., Koyama Y. and Watanabe I. (1988) Multiplication of potato plantlets in vitro with sugar free medium under high photosynthetic photon flux. Acta Hort. 230:121-127. References 138 Krizman M., Jakse J., Baricevic D., Javornik B. and Prosek M. (2006) Robust CTABactivated charcoal protocol for plant DNA extraction. Acta Agric. Slovenica 87: 427-433. Kumar M.S. and Mathur J. (1992) Artificial seed production in the male bamboo Dendrocalamaus strictus L. Plant Sci. 87: 109-113. Lai C.C. and Hsiao J.Y. (1997) Genetic variation of Phyllostachys pubescens (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) in Taiwan based on DNA polymorphisms. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sinica 38:145–152. Laine E. and David A. (1994) Regeneration of plants from leaf explants of micropropagated clonal Eucalyptus grandis. Plant Cell Rep. 13: 473-476. Lakshmanan V., Venkataramareddy S.R. and Neelwarne B. (2007) Molecular analysis of genetic stability in long-term micropropagated shoots of banana using RAPD and ISSR markers. Electron. J. Biotechnol. 10: 106-113. Leroy X.J. and Leon K. (2000) A rapid method for detection of plant genomic instability using unanchored-microsatellite primers. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 18: 283a-283g. Leroy X.J., Leon K., Charles G. and Branchard M. (2000) Cauliflower somatic embryogenesis and analysis of regenerant stability by ISSRs. Plant Cell Rep. 19:1102–1107. Li X.P., Gao Z.M., Peng Z.H., Yue Y.D., Gao J., Cai C.J. and Mou S.H. (2007) Cloning and characterization of COMT gene from Bambusa oldhamii. Forest Res. 20: 722725 Liang C.J. (1996) Tissue Culture of Bambusa oldhamii Munro, Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro and Bambusa multiplex (Lour.). Master Thesis, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan pp 71. Lin C.S. and Chang W.C. (1998) Micropropagation of Bambusa edulis through nodal explants of field-grown culms and flowering of regenerated plantlets. Plant Cell Rep. 17: 617–620. Lin C.S., Kalpana K., Chang W.C. and Lin N.S. (2007) Improving multiple shoot proliferation in Bamboo Mosaic Virus-free Bambusa oldhamii Munro propagation by liquid culture. Hort. Sci. 42: 1243-1246. References 139 Lin C.S., Lai Y.H., Sun C.W., Liu N.T., Tsay H.S., Chang W.C., Jeremy J.W. (2006) Identification of ESTs differentially expressed in green and albino mutant bamboo (Bambusa edulis) by suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) and microarray analysis. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 86: 169–175. Lin C.S., Liang C.J., Hsaio H.W., Lin M.J., Chang W.C. (2007b) In vitro flowering of green and albino Dendrocalamus latiflorus. New Forest. 34: 177–186. Lin C.S., Lin C.C. and Chang W.C. (2003) In vitro flowering of Bambusa edulis and subsequent plantlet survival. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 72: 71–78. Lin C.S., Lin C.C. and Chang W.C. (2004) Effect of thidiazuron on vegetative tissuederived somatic embryogenesis and flowering of bamboo Bambusa edulis. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 76: 75–82. Lin C.S., Lin C.C. and Chang W.C. (2005) Shoot regeneration, re-flowering and post flowering survival in bamboo inflorescence culture. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 82: 243–249. Lin CS, Kalpana K, Chang WC, Lin NS (2007a) Improving multiple shoot proliferation in bamboo mosaic virus-free Bambusa oldhamii Munro propagation by liquid culture. Hort. Sci. 42: 1243-1246. Lin X, Lou Y, Zhang Y, Yuan X, He J, Fang W (2011) Identification of genetic diversity among cultivars of Phyllostachys violascens using ISSR, SRAP and AFLP markers. Bot. Rev. 77: 223-232. Lin X.C., Ruan X.S., Lou Y.F., Guo X.Q. and Fang W. (2009) Genetic similarity among cultivars of Phyllostachys pubescens. Plant Syst. Evol. 277: 67–73. Lodhi M.A., Ye G.N., Weeden N.F. and Reisch B.I. (1994) A simple and efficient method DNA extraction from grapevine caltivars and vitis species. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 12: 6-13. Loh J.P., Kiew R., Set O., Gan L.H. and Gan Y.Y. (2000) A study of genetic variation and relationships within the Bamboo subtribe Bambusinae using amplified fragment length polymorphism. Ann. Bot. 85: 607-612. Maity S. and Ghosh A. (1997) Efficient plant regeneration from seeds and nodal segments of Dendrocalamus strictus using in vitro technique. Indian Forest. 4: 313-318. References 140 Mandel M.A., Gustafson-Brown C., Savidge B. and Yanofsky M.F. (1992) Molecular characterization of the Arabidopsis floral homeotic gene APETALA1. Nature 360: 273-277. Marks T.R. and Simpson S.E. (1994) Factors affecting shoot development in apically dominant Acer cultivars in vitro. J. Hort. Sci. 69: 543-551. Martin M., Sarmento D. and Oliveira M.M. (2004) Genetic stability of micropropagated almond plantlets as assessed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Plant Cell Rep. 23:492–496. Marulanda M.L., Lopez A.M. and Claroz J.L. (2007) Analyzing the genetic diversity of Guadua spp. in Colombia using rice and sugarcane microsatellites. Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 7: 43-51. Marulanda M.L., Marquez P. and Londono X. (2002) AFLP analysis of Guadua angustifolia (Poaceae: Bambusoideae) in Columbia with emphasis on the coffee region. J. Am. Bamboo Soc. 16: 32-42. McClelland M. and Welsh J. (1994) DNA fingerprinting by arbitrarily primed PCR. PCR Methods Applic. 4: s59-s65. McCown B.H. and Sellmer J.C. (1987) General media and vessels suitable for woody plant cultures. In: Bonga J.M. and Durzan D.J. (eds) Tissue culture in forestry General principles and biotechnology, vol. 2. Martinus Nijhoff Publication, Dordrecht, Boston, pp 4-6. McGregor C.E., Lambert C.A., Greyling M.M., Louw J.H. and Warnich L. (2000) A comparative assessment of DNA fingerprinting techniques (RAPD, ISSR, AFLP and SSR) in tetraploid potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) germplasm. Euphytica 113: 135-144. Mehta R., Sharma V., Sood A., Sharma M. and Sharma R.K. (2011) Induction of somatic embryogenesis and analysis of genetic fidelity of in vitro derived plantlets of Bambusa nutans Wall. using AFLP markers. Eur. J. Forest. Res. 130: 729-736. Mehta U., Rao I.V.R. and Ram H.Y.M. (1982) Somatic embryogenesis in bamboo. Plant Tissue Culture. Proc 5th Intl Cong Plant Tiss Cell Cult pp 109-110. Mishra Y., Patel P. and Ansari S.A. (2011) Acclimatization and macroproliferation of micropropagated plants of Bambusa tulda Roxb. Asian J. Exp. Biol. Sci. 2: 498501. References 141 Mishra Y., Patel P.K., Yadav S., Shirin F., Ansari S.A. (2008) A micropropagation system for cloning of Bambusa tulda Roxb. Sci. Hort. 115: 315-318. Mishra Y., Rana P.K., Shirin F., Ansari S.A. (2001) Augmenting in vitro shoot multiplication by vipul (triacontanol) and adventitious rhizogenesis by rice bran extract in Dendrocalamus strictus. Indian J. Exp. Biol. 39: 165-169. Mitchell T.D., Bhagsari A.S., Ozias- Akins P. and Dhir S.K. (1998) Electroporationmediated transient gene expression in intact cells of Sweet potato. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 34: 319-324. Mudoi K.D. and Borthakur M. (2009) In vitro micropropagation of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. through nodal explants from field-grown culms and scope for upscaling. Curr. Sci. 96: 962-966. Mukherjee A.K., Ratha S., Dhar S., Debata A.K., Acharya P.K., Mandal S., Panda P.C. and Mohapatra (2010) Genetic relationships among 22 taxa of bamboo revealed by ISSR and EST-based random primers. Biochem. Genet. 48: 1015-1025. Murashige T. and Skoog F. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assay with tobacco tissue culture. Physiol. Plant. 15: 473-97. Murray M. and Thompson W.F. (1980). Rapid isolation of molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acid Res. 8: 4321-4325. Murthy B.N.S., Murch S.J. and Saxena P.K. (1998) Thidiazuron: a potential regulator of in vitro plant morphogenesis. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant. 34: 267-275. Nadgauda R.S., John C.K. and Mascarenhas A.F. (1993) Floral biology and breeding behavior in the bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Tree Physiol. 13: 401-408. Nadgauda R.S., John C.K. and Masearenhas A.F. (1990) Precocious flowering and seedling behaviour in tissue cultured bamboos. Nature 344: 355-356. Nadgauda R.S., John C.K., Joshi M.S. and Masearenhas A.F. (1997) A comparison of in vitro with in vivo flowering in bamboo; Bambusa arundinacea. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 48: 181-188. Nadgir A.L., Phadke C.H., Gupta P.K., Parasharami V.A., Nair S. and Mascarenhas, A.F. (1984) Rapid multiplication of bamboo by tissue culture. Silvae Genet. 33: 219–223. References 142 Nadha H.K., Kumar R., Sharma R.K., Anand M. and Sood A. (2011) Evaluation of clonal fidelity of in vitro raised plants of Guadua angustifolia Kunth using DNAbased markers. J. Med. Plants Res. 5: 5636-5641. Nandwani D. (1994) Clonal propagation of M. esculenta (Box- berry) A fruit bearing tree of north-east India. Gartenbauwissenchaft. Hort. Sci. 59:264-267. Nayak S. and Rout G.R. (2005) Characterization of microsatellites in Bambusa arundinacea and cross species amplification in other bamboos. Z. Naturforsch 60c: 605-610. Nayak S., Rout G.R. and Das P. (2003) Evaluation of the genetic variability in bamboo using RAPD markers. Plant Soil Environ. 49: 24–28. Negi D. and Saxena S (2011) In vitro propagation of Bambusa nutans Wall. ex Munro through axillary shoot proliferation. Plant Biotechnol. Rep. 5: 35–43. Negi D. and Saxena S. (2009) Ascertaining clonal fidelity of tissue culture raised plants of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. using inter simple sequence repeat markers. New Forest DOI 10.1007/s11056-009-9182-3. Negi D. and Saxena S. (2010) Ascertaining clonal fidelity of tissue culture raised plants of Bambusa balcooa Roxb. Using inter simple sequence repeat markers. New Forests 40: 1-8. Nguyen T.C.T., Son R., Raha A.R., Lai O.M. and Michael C.W.V.L. (2009) Comparison of DNA extraction efficiencies using various methods for the detection of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Intl. Food Res. J. 16: 21-30. Nitsch J.P. and Nitsch C. (1969) Haploid plants from pollen grains. Science 163: 85-87. Nurul Islam S.A.M. and Rahman M.M. (2005) Micro-cloning in commercially important six bamboo species for mass propagation and at large scale cultivation. Plant Tiss. Cult. Biotechnol. 15: 103-111 Ogita S. (2005) Callus and cell suspension culture of bamboo plant, Phyllostachys nigra. Plant Biotechnol. 22: 119–125 Ogita S., Kashiwagi H. and Kato Y. (2008) In vitro node culture of seedlings in bamboo plant, Phyllostachys meyeri Mcclure. Plant Biotechnol. 25: 381–385. Ogita S., Kikuchi N., Nomura T. and Kato Y. (2011) A practical protocol for particle bombardment-mediated transformation of Phyllostachys bamboo suspension cells. Plant Biotechnol. 28: 43–50 References 143 Ogita S., Usui M., Shibutani N. and Kato Y. (2009) A simple shoot multiplication procedure using internode explants, and its application for particle bombardment and Agrobacterium mediated transformation in watercress. J. Plant Res. 122: 455– 463. Ohrnberger D. (1999) The Bamboos of the world - annotated nomenclature and literature of the species and the higher and lower taxa. Elsevier. Ojha A., Verma N. and Kumar A. (2009) In vitro micropropagation of economically important edible bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) through somatic embryos from root, leaves and nodal segments explants. Res. Crops 10: 430-436. Palombi M.A. and Damiano C. (2002) Comparison between RAPD and SSR molecular markers in detecting genetic variation in kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev.). Plant Cell Rep. 20: 1061-1066. Panda M.K., Mohanty S., Subudhi E., Acharya L. and Nayak S. (2007) Assessment of genetic stability of micropropagated plants of Curcuma longa L. by cytophotometry and RAPD analyses. Intl. J. Integ. Biol. 1:189–195. Pandey R.N., Adams R.P. and Flournoy L.E. (1996) Inhibition of random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) by plant polysaccharides. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 14: 17-22. Pandey R.N., Singh S.P., Rastogi J., Sharma M.L. and Singh R.K. (2012) Early assessment of genetic fidelity in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) plantlets regenerated through direct organogenesis with RAPD and SSR markers. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 6: 618-624. Park S.B. and Kwon S.D. (1998) Development of new uses of bamboos (II): Development of carbonization kiln and schedule investigation for bamboo charcoal making. FRI J. Forest Sci. 59: 17–24. Peng Z., Lu T., Li L., Liu X., Gao Z., Hu T., Yang X., Feng Q., Guan J., Weng Q., Fan D., Zhu C., Lu Y., Han B. and Jiang Z. (2010) Genome-wide characterization of the biggest grass, bamboo, based on 10,608 putative full-length cDNA sequences. BMC Plant Biol. 10:116. Peschke V.M. and Phillips R.L. (1992) Genetic implications of somaclonal variation in plants. Adv. Genet. 30: 41–75. References 144 Peschke V.M. and Phillips R.L. (1992) Genetic implications of somaclonal variation in plants. Adv. Genet. 30:41–75. Phillips R.L., Kaeppler S.M. and Olhoft P. (1994) Genetic instability of plant tissue cultures: Breakdown of normal controls. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91: 52225226. Pohl R.W. and Clark L.G. (1992) New chromosome counts for Chusquea and Aulonemia (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). Am. J. Bot. 79: 478–480. Prutpongse and Gavintertvatana (1992) In vitro micropropagation of 54 species from 15 genera of bamboo. Hort. Sci. 27: 453-454. Qiang Z., Yu-long D., Chen X., Hui-yu Z., Min-ren H. and Ming-xiu W. (2005) A preliminary analysis of phylogenetic relationships of Arundinaria and related genera based on nucleotide sequences of nrDNA (ITS region) and cpDNA (trnL-F intergenic spacer). J. Forest Res. 16: 5-8. Ramanayake S.M.S.D. and Yakandawala K. (1997) Micropropagation of the giant bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) from nodal explants of field grown culms. Plant Sci 129: 213–223 Ramanayake S.M.S.D., Meemaduma V.N. and Weerawardene T.E. (2006) In vitro shoot proliferation and enhancement of rooting for the large-scale propagation of yellow bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris ‘Striata’). Sci. Hort. 110: 109-113. Ramanayake S.M.S.D., Meemaduma V.N. and Weerawardene T.E. (2007) Genetic diversity and relationships between nine species of bamboo in Sri Lanka, using random amplified polymorphic DNA. Syst. Evol. 269: 55–61 Ramanayake S.M.S.D., Wanniarachchi W.A.V.R. and Tennakoon T.M.A. (2001) Axillary shoot proliferation and in vitro flowering in an adult giant bamboo, Dendrocalamus giganteus Wall. ex Munro. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.- Plant 37: 667–671. Ramanayake S.M.S.D., Yakandawala K., Nilmini Deepika P.K.D. and Ikbal M.C.M. (1995) Studies on Micropropagation of Dendrocalamus gigateus and Bambusa vulgaris var. striata. In: Bamboo, People and The Environment, vol.1. Propagation and Management. INBAR Tech. Rep. 8: 75-85. Rani V. and Raina S.N. (2000) Genetic fidelity of organized meristem derived micropropagated plants: a critical reappraisal. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 36: 319-330. References 145 Rao I.V.R. and Rao I.U. (1990) Tissue culture approaches to the mass propagation and genetic improvement of bamboos. In: Rao I.V.R., Gnanaharan R. and Sastry C.B. (eds) Bamboo current research, Proc Intl Bamboo Workshop, 14-18 Nov 1988, Cochin, India, KFRI Peechi and IDRC Canada, pp 151-158. Rao I.V.R., Gnanaharan R. and Sastry C.B. (1990) Bamboo: Current Research. Kerala Forest Res. Inst., Peechi and IDRC, Singapore. Rao K.S. and Ramakrishnan P.S. (1988) Architectural plasticity of two bamboo species, Neohouzeua dullooa Camus and Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees in successional environment in North-East India. Proceed. Indian Acad. Sci. (Plant Sci.). 98: 121133. Rao U., Rao I.V.R. and Narang V. (1985) Somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of plants in the bamboo Dendrocalamus strictus. Plant Cell Rep. 4:191-194. Rathore T.S., Kabade U., Jagadish M.R., Somashekar P.V. and Viswanath S. (2009) Micropropagation and evaluation of growth performance of the selected industrially important bamboo species in southern India. In: Lucas S (ed) Proc 8th World Bamboo Cong, Bankok, Thialand pp 41-55. Ravikumar R., Ananthakrishnan G., Kathiravan K. and Ganapathi A. (1998) In vitro shoot propagation of Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 52: 189–192. Reichardt M.J. and Rogers S.J. (1993) Plant DNA isolation using CTAB. In: Ausubel F.M., Brent R., Kingston R.E., Moore D.D., Seidman J.D., Smith J.A. and Struhl K (eds) Current protocols in molecular biology. New York, USA: John Wiley and Sons, Supplement 22. Rodrigues P.H.V., Tulmann Neto A., Cassieri Neto P. and Mendes B.M.J. (1998) Influence of the number of subcultures on somaclonal variation in micropropagated Nanico (Musa spp., AAA group). Acta Hort. 490: 469-473. Rohlf F.J. (2000) NTSYS-pc: Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System. Version 2.0 Exeter Software, Setauket, New York, USA. Romman S.A. (2011) Comparison of methods for isolating high quality DNA from sage (Salvia officinalis). J. Med. Plants Res. 5: 938-941. Rout G.R. and Das P. (1994) Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro flowering in 3 species of bamboo. Plant Cell Rep. 13: 683-686. References 146 Rout G.R., Senapati S.K., Aparajita S. and Palai S.K. (2009) Studies on genetic identification and genetic fidelity of cultivars banana using ISSR marker. Plant Omics J 2(6):250-258. Ruan X.S., Lin X.C., Lou Y.F., Guo X.Q., Fang W. and Chen C.J. (2008) Genetic diversity of Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens provenances by AFLP and ISSR. J. Zhejiang Forest. Sci. Technol. 28: 29–33. Saker M.M., Bekheet S.A., Taha H.S., Fahmy A.S. and Moursy H.A. (2000) Detection of somaclonal variations in tissue culture-derived date palm plants using isoenzyme analysis and RAPD fingerprints. Biol. Plant. 43: 347-351. Sambrook J., Fritsch E.F. and Maniatis T. (1989) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor. Sambrook J. and Russel D.W. (2001) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, Third Edition, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York. Sanjaya, Rathore T.S. and Rai V.R. (2005) Micropropagation of Pseudoxytenanthera stocksii Munro. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant 41:333–337. Sanyal I., Singh A.K., Kaushik M. and Amla D.V. (2005) Agrobacterium mediated transformation of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) with Bacillus thuringiensis cry1Ac gene for resistance against pod borer insect Helicoverpa armigera. Plant Sci. 168: 1135-1146. Sarwat M., Negi M.S., Lakshmikumaran M., Tyagi A.K., Das S. and Srivastava P.S. (2006) A standardized protocol for the genomic DNA isolation from Terminalia arjuna for genetic diversity analysis. Elec. J. Biotech. 9: 86-91. Satsangi R., Kalia S., Arya I.D. and Arya S. (2001) Flowering in exotic bamboo Dendrocalamus asper in India. Indian Forest. 127: 1053-1057. Saxena S. (1990) In vitro propagation of the bamboo (Bambusa tulda Roxb.) through shoot proliferation. Plant Cell Rep. 9: 431-434. Saxena S. and Bhojwani S.S. (1993) In vitro clonal multiplication of 4-year-old plants of the bamboo, Dendrocalamus longispathus Kurz. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.Plant 29:135-142. Saxena S. and Dhawan V. (1994) Micropropagation research in south Asia. Constraints to production of bamboo and rattan. INBAR Tech. Rep. 5: 101-113. References 147 Saxena S. and Dhawan V. (1999) Regeneration and large-scale propagation of bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus Nees) through somatic embryogenesis. Plant Cell Rep. 18: 438-443 Schenk R.U. and Hildebrandt A.C. (1972) Medium and techniques for induction and growth of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can. J. Bot. 50: 199-204. Scott T.K. (1972) Auxins and roots. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 23: 235-258. Scowcroft W.R. (1985) Somaclonal variation: the myth of clonal uniformity. In: Hohn B. and Dennis S. (eds) Genetic flux in plants. Springer, Berlin, pp 218-245. Scurlock JMO, Dayton DC, Hames B (2000) Bamboo: An overlooked biomass resource? Biomass Bioenergy 19: 229–244 Sharma R.K., Gupta P., Sharma V., Sood A., Mohapatra T. and Ahuja P.S. (2008) Evaluation of rice and sugarcane SSR markers for phylogenetic and genetic diversity analyses in bamboo. Genome 51: 91–103. Sharma V., Bhardwaj P., Kumar R., Sharma R.K., Sood A. and Ahuja P.S. (2009) Identification and cross-species amplification of EST derived SSR markers in different bamboo species. Conser. Genet. 10: 721–724. Shi L.H., Yang G.Y., Lin X.C. and Guo Q.R. (2002) RAPD studies on the grade of infra-species of Phyllostachys edulis. J. Nanjing Forest. Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 26: 65–68. Shirgurkar M.V., Thengane S.R., Insiya S., Poonawala J., Nadgauda R.S. and Mascarenhas A.F. (1996) A simple in vitro method of propagation and rhizome formation in Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Curr. Sci. 70: 940-944. Shirin F. and Rana P.K. (2007) In vitro plantlet regeneration from nodal explants of field-grown culms in Bambusa glaucescens Willd. Plant Biotechnol. Rep. 1: 141– 147. Singh M., Jaiswal U. and Jaiswal V.S. (2000) Thidiazuron induced in vitro flowering in Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Curr. Sci. 79: 1529–1530. Singh M., Jaiswal U. and Jaiswal V.S. (2001) Thidiazuron-induced shoot multiplication and plant regeneration in bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus Nees). J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 10:133–137. 148 References Singh R. and Goyal S.C. (2008) Inflorescence nodal segment: a novel explant for rapid micropropagation of Chlorophytum borivilianum sant. et Fernand. Phytomorphology 58:187-193. Siril E.A. and Dhar U. (1997) Micropropagation of mature Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum Roxb.). Plant Cell Rep. 16:637-640. Soderstrom T.R. (1981) Some evolutionary trends in the Bambusoideae (Poaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 68: 15–47. Soderstrom T.R. and Calderon C.E. (1979) A commentary on the bamboos (Poaceae; Bambusoideae). Biotropica 11: 161-17. Sood A., Ahuja P.S., Sharma M., Sharma O.P. and Godbole S. (2002a) In vitro protocols and field performance of elites of an important bamboo Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. Ex Munro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 71: 55-63. Sood A., Ahuja P.S., Sharma M., Sharma O.P., Godbole S. (2002) In vitro protocols and field performance of elites of an important bamboo Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Nees et Arn. ex Munro. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 71: 55-63. Sood A., Palni L.M.S., Sharma M., Chand G. and Sharma O.P. (2002b) Micropropagation of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Munro (Maggar Bamboo) using explants taken from seed raised and field-tested plus plants. J. Plant Biol. 29: 125132. Sood A., Palni L.M.S., Sharma M., Sharma O.P. (1994) Micropropagation of Dendrocalamus hamiltonii Munro using single node cutting taken from elite seedling plants. In: Proc Intl Bamboo Workshop Bamboo Asia Pacific, 27th to 30th Nov 1991, Chiangmai, Thialand, pp 165-168. Stasolla C., Yeung E.C. and Thorpe T.A. (2003) Somatic embryogenesis in white spruce: Physiology and biochemistry. In: Bhojwani S.S. and Soh W.Y. (eds) Agribiotechnology and Plant Tissue Culture. Science Publishers, Inc. ENfield USA. pp 7-24. Subramaniam K.N. (1994) Genetic improvement and conservation of bamboos in India. In: Rao I.V.R. and Rao A.N. (eds) Bamboo and Rattan Genetic Resources and Uses. Proc. first INBAR Biodiversity, Genetic Resources and Conservation Working Groups, 7–9 November 1994, Singapore, pp 23-29. 149 References Sudhakar D., Duc L.T., Bong B.B., Tinjuangjun P., Maqbool S.B., Valdez M., Jefferson R. and Christou P. (1998) An efficient rice transformation system utilizing mature seed-derived explants and a portable, inexpensive particle bombardment device. Transgenic Res. 7: 289-294. Sun Y., Xia N.H. and Stapleton M.A. (2006) Relationships between Bambusa species (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) revealed by random amplified polymorphic DNA. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 34: 417–423. Suyama Y., Obayashi K. and Hayashi I. (2000) Clonal structure in a dwarf bamboo (Sasa senanensis) population inferred from amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints. Mol. Ecol. 9: 901–906. Swamy K.M., Sudipta K.M., Balasubramanya S. and Anuradha M. (2010) Effect of different carbon sources on in vitro morphogenetic response of patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth.). J. Phytol. 8:11-17. Talebee M. (2003) Genetic diversity in pomegranate cultivars in Iran by RAPD marker. 3 rd Congress of Biotechnology, Iran. Tang D.Q., Lu J.J., Fang W., Zhang S., Zhou M.B. (2010) Development, characterization and utilization of gene bank microsatellite markers in Phyllostachys pubescens and related species. Mol. Breed. 25: 299-311. Teixeira da Silva J.A.T. and Nhut D.T. (2003) Thin cell layers and floral morphogenesis, floral genetics and in vitro flowering. In: Nhut D.T., Le B.V., Van T.T. and Thorpe T. (eds) Thin Cell Layer Culture System: Regeneration and Transformation Applications. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, pp 285-342. Thakur R. and Sood A. (2006) An efficient method for explant sterilization for reduced contamination. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 84: 369-371. Thiruvengadam M., Rekha K.T., Chung I.M. (2011) Rapid in vitro micropropagation of Bambusa oldhamii Munro. Philipp. Agric. Scientist 94: 7-13. Tian B., Chen Y., Li D. and Yan Y. (2006) Cloning and characterization of a bamboo Leafy Hull Sterile1 homologous gene. Mitochondrial DNA 17: 143-151. Torrey J.G. (1976) Root hormones and plant growth. Ann. Rev. Plant. Physiol. 27: 435– 459. 150 References Tran Thanh Van M. (1973) In vitro control of de novo flower, bud, root and callus differentiation from excised epidermal tissues. Nature 446: 44-45. Tsay H.S., Yeh C.C. and Hsu J.Y. (1990) Embryogenesis and plant regeneration from anther culture of bamboo (Sinocalamus latiflora (Munro) McClure). Plant Cell Rep. 9: 349-351. Uchimura E. (1990) Growth of Phyllostachys pubescens seedlings under the different environmental conditions. Bamboo J. 8: 24–30. Um M.O., Park T.I., Kim Y.J., Seo H.Y., Kim J.G., Kwon S.Y., Kwak S.S., Yun D.J. and Yun S.J. (2007) Particle bombardment-mediated transformation of barley with an Arabidopsis NDPK2 cDNA. Plant Biotechnol. Rep. 1: 71–77. Uppin S.F. (1980) High yielding bamboos for artificial regeneration. Myforest 16: 5562. Vadawale A.V., Barve D.M. and Dave A.M. (2006) In vitro flowering and rapid propagation of Vitex negundo L - A medicinal plant. Indian J. Biotechnol. 5: 112116. Venkatachalam L., Sreedhar R.V. and Bhagyalakshmi N. (2007) Micropropagation in banana using high levels of cytokinins does not involve any genetic changes as revealed by RAPD and ISSR markers. Plant Growth Reg. 51: 193-205. Verma R.K. and Arya I.D. (1998) Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal isolates and organic manure on growth and mycorrhization of micropropagated Dendrocalamus asper plantlets and on spore production in their rhizosphere. Mycorrhiza 8: 113–116. Vongvijitra R. (1988) Bamboo - Current Research. In: Rao I.V.R., Gnanaharan R. and Chetla B.S. (eds) Proc. Int. Bamboo Workshop. FRI, Kerela and IDRC, Canada, pp 148. Vos P., Hogers R., Bleeker M., Reijans M., Vandelee T., Hornes M., Frijters A., Pot J., Peleman J., Kuiper M. and Zabeau M. (1995) AFLP - a new technique for DNAfingerprinting. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:4407–4414. Wang K., Peng H., Lin E., Jin Q., Hua X., Yao S., Bian H., Han N., Pan J., Wang J., Deng M. and Zhu M. (2010) Identification of genes related to the development of bamboo rhizome bud. J. Exp. Bot. 61: 551-561. References 151 Wanmei J., Dong J., Wang Y., Mao H., Xiao Z. and Chen M. (2009) Genetic Fidelity of Regeneration Adventitious Shoots in Grape through Organogenesis. Mol. Plant Breed. 2: 375-379. Watanable M., Ito M. and Kurita S. (1994) Chloroplast DNA phylogeny of Asian bamboos (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) and its systematic implication. J. Plant Res. 107: 253-261. Watanable Y., Sawa Y., Nagaoka N. and Kozai T. (2000) A new micropropagation system for Pleioblastus pygmaeus Nakai. In: Proc Int Symp Royal Project Foundation. Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2-4 August, pp 94-101. Werner T., Motyka V., Strnad M. and Schmulling T. (2001) Regulation of plant growth by cytokinin. Proc Natl Acad Sci 98: 10487-10492. Wiersma R. (2008) Bioluminescent Bamboo. The newsletter of the Southern California Chapter of the American Bamboo Society 18: 2-5. Woods S.H., Philips G.C., Woods J.E. and Collins G.B. (1992) Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo explants in Mexican weeping bamboo, Otatea acuminata Aztecorum. Plant Cell Rep. 11: 257–261. Xuhe C. (2003) Promotion of bamboo for poverty alleviation and economic development. J. Bamboo Rattan 2: 345. Yadav S., Patel P., Shirin F., Mishra Y. and Ansari S.A. (2008) In vitro clonal propagation of 10-year-old clumps of Bambusa nutans. J. Bamboo Rattan 7:201210. Yashoda R., Kamala S., Kumar A.S.P., Kumar P.D. and Kalaiarasi K. (2007) Effect of glucose on in vitro rooting of mature plants of Bambusa nutans. Sci. Hort. 110: 109-113. Yashoda R., Sumathi R., Mallinga P. and Gurunurthi K. (1997) Genetic enhancement and mass production of quality propagaules of Bambusa nutans and Dendrocalamus membranaceus. Indian Forest. 4: 303-306. Yeh M.L. and Chang W.C. (1986a) Plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis in callus culture of green bamboo (Bambusa oldhamii Munro). Theor. Appl. Genet. 73:161-163. References 152 Yeh M.L. and Chang W.C. (1986b) Somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant regeneration from inflorescence callus of Bambusa beecheyana Munro var. beecheyana. Plant Cell Rep. 5: 409-411. Yeh M.L. and Chang W.C. (1987) Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in mature embryo-derived callus culture of Sinocalamus latiflora (Munro) McClure. Plant Sci. 51: 93-96. Yu J.K., Rota M.L., Kantety R.V., Sorrells M.E. (2004) EST derived SSR markers for comparative mapping in wheat and rice. Mol. Genet. Genom 271: 742–751. Yusuf M. and Muranaka S. (2009) Comparison of DNA extraction methods for application of marker assisted selection for Striga resistance into national cowpea breeding programmes. Proc. Af. Crop Sci. Conf. 9: 555-557. Zaerr J.B. and Mapes M.O. (1982) Action of growth regulators. In: Bonga J.M. and Durzan D.J. (eds) Tissue Culture in Forestry. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, Boston, Lancaster, pp 231-255. Zamora A.B. and Gruezo S.S. (1990) Embryo cell of bamboo (Dendrocalamus strictus Nees). Phillipine Agric. 73: 199-206. Zamora A.B., Damasco O.P. and Gruezo S.S.M. (1988) Control of browning in cultured tissues of bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus cv. Machiku). In: Programme and Abstracts of 1st Natl. Symp Plant Tissue Culture in Philippines. Agriculture and Forestry, Los Banos, Philippines. Zamora A.B., Gruezo S.S. and Damasco O.P. (1989) Callus induction and plant regeneration from internode tissues of Dendrocalamus latiflorus cv Machiku. In: Rao A.N. and Yusoff A.M. (eds) Proc Seminar Tiss Cult Forest Sp. FRI Malaysia and IDRC, Singapore, pp 76-82. Zhang H.Y., Yang Y.M. and Liu X.Z. (2011b) Bamboo species relations revealed by Random Amplified Polymorphism of chloroplast DNA. Af. J. Agric. Res. 6: 12411245. Zhang N., Fang W., Shi Y., Liu Q., Yang H., Gui R. and Lin X. (2010) Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis in Dendrocalamus hamiltonii. Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cult. 103: 325-332. References 153 Zhang W. and Clark L.G. (2000) Phylogeny and classification of the Bambusoideae (Poaceae). In: Jacobs S.W.L. and Everett J.E. (eds) Grasses: Systematics and Evolution. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, pp. 35–42. Zhang Y.J., Ma P.F. and Li D.Z. (2011a) High-throughput sequencing of six bamboo chloroplast genomes: Phylogenetic implications for temperate woody bamboos (Poaceae: Bambusoideae). PLoS ONE 6(5): e20596. Zhi-jun Z., Zhi-jun G., Li Y., Li Y. and Shu-ping L. (2011) Analysis of SSRs information and development of SSR markers from Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)ESTs. Acta Hort. Sinica 38: 989 – 996. Zhou M.B., Liu X.M. and Tang D.Q. (2011) Transposable elements in Phyllostachys pubescens (Poaceae) genome survey sequences and the full length cDNA sequences, and their association with simple sequence repeats. Genet Mol. Res. 10: 3026-3037. Ziegenhagen B., Guillemaut P. and Scholz F. (1993) A procedure for mini-preparation of genomic DNA from needles of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.). Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 11: 117-121. Ziv M. (1995) In vitro acclimatization. In: Aitken-Christie J., Kozai T. and Smith M.L. (eds) Automation and Environmental Control in Plant Tissue Culture. Kluwer, Dordrecht, pp 493–516.
© Copyright 2024