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INFORMATION
PRESERVATION
Since the beginning of mankind, we have recorded our cultural
history using the latest technologies. Our cultural heritage has
been captured and recorded in artworks, books, audio recordings,
movies and TV programs, stored in museums and libraries around
the world. However, many treasures are in locations where
they are unprotected from the risks of degradation or
destruction.
RECORDING CULTURE,
DOWN THE AGES
How we’ve captured and recorded our beliefs, our knowledge, our entertainment:
30,000 BC
CAVE PAINTINGS
Images of animals and
outlines of hands appear on
cave walls in Europe and
Asia. Their exact purpose is
not known.
3,000 BC
EARLY WRITING
People in Sumeria, an ancient
civilization in what is now
southern Iraq, use pictograms
as an early form of writing.
3,000 BC
FIRST PAPER
The earliest form of paper is
developed from woven
papyrus plants in Egypt, as
well as in Greece and Rome.
2,600 BC
FIRST LIBRARY
Sumerians create the
first library consisting of
clay tablets.
1605
FIRST NEWSPAPER
1439
PRINTING PRESS
220
EARLY PRINTING
105 AD
MODERN PAPER
German publisher Johann
Carolus prints Relation aller
Fürnemmen und
gedenckwürdigen Historien
(Account of all distinguished
and commemorable news).
German blacksmith
Johannes Gutenberg
invents the first printing
press with movable
type, enabling mass
production of books.
The Chinese develop
woodblock printing on
cloth and paper. It
spreads to Europe
where it was common
by 1300.
A Chinese court official, Cai
Lun, creates paper made
from wood fibers and rags.
The invention spreads
slowly to other countries.
1827
FIRST PHOTOGRAPH
1860
FIRST SOUND
RECORDING
French printer
Édouard-Léon Scott de
Martinville invents the
earliest known audio
recording device, the
phonoautograph.
1876
FIRST TELEPHONE
French inventor Joseph
Niépce pioneers a
method of capturing
light using polished
pewter and bitumen.
1843
FIRST COMPUTER
PROGRAM
English mathematician Ada
Lovelace describes how a
proposed mechanical
computer could solve
mathematical problems.
1926
FIRST TELEVISION
TRANSMISSION
1906
FIRST RADIO
BROADCAST
1889
FIRST MOTION
PICTURE
1887
FIRST GRAMOPHONES
Scottish inventor John Logie
Baird transmits live images of
a moving face – the first
public demonstration of
television.
Canadian inventor
Reginald Fessenden
broadcasts the first radio
program to ships off the
New England coast.
US inventor Thomas Edison
invents the Kinetograph, an
early movie camera, and
Kinetoscope, a machine on
which to watch motion
pictures.
American inventor Emile
Berliner develops the
‘Gramophone’ method
of recording sound on
flat discs, or records.
1935
FIRST TAPE
RECORDER
Electrical equipment
maker AEG demonstrates
the world’s first practical
tape recorder, using
magnetic reel-to-reel tape.
1959
FIRST COPYING
MACHINE
Xerox launches the
world’s first commercially
successful photocopier,
making copies on
ordinary paper.
1963
FIRST COMPACT
CASSETTES
Philips introduces the
Compact Cassette
format in Europe, and a
year later in the US.
1972
FIRST VCR
1984
FIRST MOBILE PHONE
1982
FIRST COMPACT DISCS
The Motorola DynaTAC
8000X, the most
handheld cellphone,
went on sale for $3,995.
The first CDs were
pressed by Philips in
Germany and included
The Visitors by ABBA.
1979
FIRST PERSONAL
MUSIC PLAYER
Sony introduces the
Walkman, a compact and
highly portable cassette
player designed to be listened
to while walking around.
1974
EARLY PERSONAL
COMPUTERS
The Altair is introduced as a
mail-order kit. Its BASIC
programming language
was adapted by Bill Gates
and Paul Allen.
1989
WORLD WIDE WEB
1991
FIRST WEBSITE
1994
FIRST SMARTPHONE
1999
FIRST DVRs
Sir Tim Berners-Lee proposes a
means to publish and share
information using internet
technologies. His proposal
becomes the World Wide Web.
The first webpage is
created by Sir Tim
Berners-Lee, then working
for CERN in Switzerland. It
describes how the World
Wide Web operates.
IBM’s Simon Personal
Communicator goes on
sale offering mobile
email and faxes. It does
not have a web browser.
Digital video recorder
pioneer TiVo ships its
first products.
2010
FIRST iPAD
2007
FIRST iPHONE
2001
DIGITAL CAMERAS
Steve Jobs introduces the iPad
saying it will create a “third
category” of devices between
smartphones and laptops.
Apple’s Steve Jobs
unveils the iPhone,
saying the “magical
device” will transform
the telecoms industry.
Kodak begins selling
mass-market digital
cameras, first invented
by Kodak engineer
Steven Sasson in 1975.
Scottish-born scientist
Alexander Graham Bell
is awarded a US patent
for the electric
telephone.
The Video Cassette
Recorder is launched in
England by Philips. It
costs the same amount
as a small car.
EMC INFORMATION
PRESERVATION INITIATIVES
EMC helps ensure cultural treasures are available for future generations
to access and enjoy. Through our Information Heritage Initiative, EMC
provides products, services, and financial assistance for digital
information heritage programs worldwide. Projects include:
JFK PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
The John F. Kennedy Library Foundation is creating an online archive of the President’s life. This includes:
8.4 million 400,000 9,000 hours 7.5 million feet 1,200 hours
pages of JFK’s
presidential papers
still photographs
of audio recording
of motion picture film
of video recordings
Archivists have seen a significant improvement in the processes for scanning, managing,
and cataloging the large volume of priceless materials
THE ROYAL
INSTITUTION’S
CHRISTMAS
LECTURES
THE ERNEST
HEMINGWAY
COLLECTION
Christmas lectures have been
presented by eminent scientists at
the Royal Institution in London
since 1825. The lectures have been
broadcast on TV since 1966.
Having awarded a Heritage Trust
Grant, EMC is helping to digitize all
the Christmas lecture recordings so
they are available to audiences
around the world.
THE VATICAN
APOSTOLIC LIBRARY
Author and journalist Ernest
Hemingway wrote For Whom the
Bell Tolls at his home, Finca Vigía, in
Cuba. The house – in which he lived
from 1939 to 1960 – is today a
museum filled with Hemingway’s
irreplaceable letters, telegrams,
photos and books.
Through a partnership with the Finca
Vigía Foundation, EMC is working
collaboratively with Cuban
colleagues to restore and preserve
Hemingway’s vast collection.
The Vatican Apostolic Library holds
many of the rarest and most valuable
documents in existence including the
42-line Latin Bible of Gutenberg, the
first book printed with movable type.
Over nine years, EMC will:
• Help digitize the entire library,
which includes nearly 90,000
historic books, manuscripts,
documents and early papyrus texts
• Provide 2.8 petabytes of storage
capacity – enough to store the 40
million pages of digitized content
THE USEK LIBRARY OF LEBANON
The library at the Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK) was founded by the Lebanese
Maronite monastic order in 1938. The library’s mission is “to ensure the preservation
and long-lasting availability of resources of national and ethnic heritage” and began
preserving manuscripts of the order in 2003. Since then it has preserved:
10,000
manuscripts from Lebanon and Middle
East – 4,000 have been digitized
1,500
rare books and
special collections
Since 2007 we have provided more than $37 million in products, services,
and financial assistance for digital information heritage programs worldwide.
At EMC, we redfine what's possible by transforming people's lives through
the power of information. To learn more about EMC’s Information
Preservation Initiatives, visit: http://emc.im/1nbMg08
EMC is providing:
• Digitizing technology
• Storage infrastructure
• Backup and recovery systems