1. Ingeniería

SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION – 2008
PHYSICAL SCIENCE P1
PHYSICS
HIGHER GRADE
MAY/JUNE 2008
MARKS: 200
TIME: 2 hours
This question paper consists of 17 pages, 2 data sheets,
1 multiple-choice answer sheet and 1 sheet graph paper.
NOTE: QUESTION 9.1 MUST BE ANSWERED ON THE GRAPH PAPER PROVIDED.
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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Write your examination number (and centre number if applicable) in the appropriate
spaces on the ANSWER BOOK.
2.
Answer ALL the questions.
3.
Non-programmable calculators may be used.
4.
Appropriate mathematical instruments may be used.
5.
Data sheets have been attached for your use.
6.
NOTE: The following circuit diagram symbols are used in this paper:
7.
Resistor:
instead of
/\/\/\/\/
Bulb:
instead of
/\/\/\/\/
Marks may be forfeited if instructions are not followed.
QUESTION 1
INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Answer this question on the specially printed ANSWER SHEET. [NOTE: The answer
sheet may either be a separate sheet provided as part of your question paper, or printed
as part of the ANSWER BOOK.] Write your EXAMINATION NUMBER (and centre number
if applicable) in the appropriate spaces, if a separate answer sheet is used.
2.
Four possible answers, indicated by A, B, C and D, are supplied with each question. Each
question has only ONE correct answer. Choose only that answer which in your opinion is
the correct or best one and mark the appropriate block on the ANSWER SHEET with a
cross (X).
3.
Do NOT make any other marks on the answer sheet. Any calculations or writing that may
be necessary when answering this question should be done in the ANSWER BOOK and
must be clearly deleted by means of a diagonal line drawn across the page.
4.
If more than one block is marked, NO marks will be awarded for that answer.
PLACE THE COMPLETED ANSWER SHEET INSIDE THE FRONT COVER OF YOUR
ANSWER BOOK, IF A SEPARATE ANSWER SHEET HAS BEEN USED.
EXAMPLE
QUESTION: The SI unit of time is ...
A
B
C
D
ANSWER:
t.
h.
s.
m.
A
B
C
D
[NOTE: This layout may vary, depending on the type of answer sheet used by the province.]
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QUESTION 1
1.1
1.2
Which ONE of the following physical quantities has the same unit as the
product of the force and the displacement in the direction of the force?
A
Power
B
Energy
C
Acceleration
D
Momentum
(4)
The diagram below shows an object of mass m, suspended by a string. A
horizontal force F is applied to the object and keeps the string at an angle of θ
with the vertical. The force exerted by the string on the object is T.
θ
T
m
F
Which ONE of the following relationships is correct when the object is in
equilibrium?
1.3
A
T cos θ + F = 0
B
T cos θ - mg = 0
C
T cos θ - F = 0
D
T sin θ - mg = 0
(4)
One of the equations of motion is v2 = u2 + 2as. What is the unit of the
physical quantity represented by the term 2as?
A
m.s-1
B
m.s-2
C
m2.s-1
D
m2.s-2
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The following displacement-time graph represents the motion of an object.
Displacement
(m)
1.4
4
Senior Certificate Examination
M
K
N
O
P
Time (s)
Which ONE of the following relationships between the intervals on the above
graph can be used to determine the average velocity of the object?
1.5
A
MN
KN
B
MP
OP
C
1 (MP + KO)(OP)
2
D
1 (KN) (MN)
2
(4)
Jake suspends two identical parcels from rope E attached to the ceiling and
rope F attached between the parcels, as indicated in the diagram below.
E
F
Which ONE of the following relationships between the tension, TE, in rope E,
and the tension, TF, in rope F is correct?
A
TE > TF
B
TE < TF
C
TE = TF ≠ 0 N
D
TE = TF = 0 N
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The following velocity-time graph represents the motion of a car along a
straight horizontal track for the time period indicated.
Velocity
(m.s-1)
1.6
5
Senior Certificate Examination
0
t1
Time (s)
t2
Which ONE of the following is the correct distance-time graph for the motion
of the car?
Distance
(m)
0
Distance
(m)
t1
t2
Time (s)
0
A
t2
Time (s)
t2
Time (s)
B
Distance
(m)
0
t1
Distance
(m)
t1
C
t2
Time (s)
0
t1
D
(4)
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1.7
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A block of mass m rests on a rough, horizontal surface. When a force F is
applied to the block at an angle θ to the horizontal, it moves with constant
acceleration.
F
θ
m
From this it can be concluded that the magnitude of the frictional force acting
on the block, is …
1.8
A
equal to F.
B
equal to F cos θ .
C
greater than zero, but smaller than F cos θ .
D
greater than F cos θ , but smaller than F.
(4)
Which ONE of the following statements concerning the inertia of an object is
true?
A
Only objects which are in equilibrium will have inertia.
B
Inertia is that force which causes a body to remain at rest or in
uniform motion in a straight line.
C
Inertia is that force which causes a body to accelerate uniformly
along a straight line.
D
Inertia is that property of an object with mass which causes it to
remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line.
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1.9
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Three identical billiard balls, P, M and N, are on a frictionless horizontal
surface. P moves to the right with a speed of 3v and collides with M and N,
which are initially at rest and in contact with each other. Momentum and
kinetic energy are conserved during the collision.
P
3v
M N
What is the speed of the balls P, M and N after the collision?
1.10
Speed of P
Speed of M
Speed of N
A
0
0
3v
B
0
v
2v
C
v
v
v
D
2v
0,5v
0,5v
(4)
Trolley P of mass m, and another trolley Q of mass 2m, are released from
rest from the same vertical height h and run down two tracks. Trolleys P and
Q travel distances x and 2x respectively by the time they reach the bottom of
their respective tracks. Disregard all frictional forces.
P
m
x
h
Q
2m
2x
If P has kinetic energy of Ek at the bottom of its track, what is the kinetic
energy of Q at the bottom of its track?
A
4Ek
B
2Ek
C
D
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2 Ek
Ek
(4)
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1.11
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A negative point charge, q, is stationary between two oppositely charged,
parallel plates, which are a distance d from each other (FIGURE 1). The
point charge experiences an electric force F due to the electric field E
between the parallel plates.
+
+
+
q
-
-
+
+
d
-
+
3d
FIGURE 1
+
-
-
q
-
+
-
FIGURE 2
The distance between the plates is increased to 3d, while the potential
difference across the plates remains the same (FIGURE 2). Which ONE of
the following statements regarding the motion of the point charge in
FIGURE 2 is correct?
1.12
A
The charge moves upward at constant velocity.
B
The charge moves downward at constant velocity.
C
The charge accelerates uniformly downwards.
D
The charge accelerates uniformly upwards.
(4)
An alpha (α) particle (an He atom without its electrons) is held stationary at a
distance r from a fixed, negatively charged sphere, as indicated in the
diagram below. The electric field strength at that point where the particle is
located is E, and the electrical potential energy relative to the sphere is EP.
Sphere
α-particle
-----
r
If the particle is released, it moves towards the sphere. Which ONE of the
following combinations is correct for the new values of E and EP when the
particle is a distance 1 r from the sphere?
2
Electric field strength
E
Potential energy
EP
A
1E
4
Increases
B
1E
4
Decreases
C
4E
Increases
D
4E
Decreases
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1.13
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Three identical conducting wires, P, Q and R, carry currents in the directions
as indicated. The wires are placed equal distances apart on the same
horizontal, frictionless, insulated surface with Q and R fixed to the surface,
while P is free to move.
Q
P
R
Which ONE of the following statements concerning P is correct? P will …
1.14
A
remain stationary.
B
accelerate towards Q.
C
accelerate towards R.
D
move at a constant velocity towards Q.
(4)
A battery, with emf E and considerable internal resistance, is connected to a
resistor R and switch S, as shown in the diagram below. The resistance of
the connecting wires is negligible. Voltmeter V has a very high resistance.
• •
S
E
R
V
Which ONE of the following combinations is correct regarding the reading on
voltmeter V?
Reading on voltmeter V
when switch S is open
Reading on voltmeter V
when switch S is closed
A
0
E
B
0
Less than E
C
E
E
D
E
Less than E
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1.15
10
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The cell in the circuit represented below has negligible internal resistance.
Resistors R1 and R2 are connected in parallel and switch S is closed.
V
R1
S
• •
R3
R2
A
What happens to the voltmeter and ammeter readings when switch S is
opened?
Voltmeter reading
V
Ammeter reading
A
A
Decreases
Decreases
B
Increases
Increases
C
Remains the same
Increases
D
Remains the same
Decreases
(15 x 4)
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(4)
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ANSWER QUESTIONS 2 TO 10 IN THE ANSWER BOOK.
INSTRUCTIONS
1.
Start each question on a NEW PAGE in the ANSWER BOOK.
2.
Leave a line between subsections, for example QUESTION 2.1 and QUESTION 2.2.
3.
Show ALL formulae, as well as the calculations, including substitutions.
4.
Number the answers exactly as the questions are numbered.
QUESTION 2
[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
In a game park, animals are captured and transported in crates that need to be pulled
onto trucks using an inclined plane. During one of these exercises, a rhinoceros in a
crate is held at rest by means of a cable along an incline, which makes an angle of 20°
with the horizontal. The tension in the cable is 2 500 N as indicated in the diagram
below and the inclined plane can be regarded as frictionless.
2 500 N
rhino
20°
2.1
State, in words, the triangle rule of forces in equilibrium.
(3)
Consider the equilibrium of the crate containing the rhino.
2.2
2.3
Draw a labelled triangle of forces acting on the crate and indicate at least
TWO appropriate angles.
Use your force diagram to calculate the combined mass of the rhino and the
crate.
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(5)
(5)
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QUESTION 3
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[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
A hot-air balloon ride is a favourite item at a holiday resort. The velocity-time graph
below represents the motion of the balloon starting from the ground with an initial
speed of 5 m.s-1 during one of the rides. The balloon moves vertically upwards for
some time and then it starts moving downwards. Take upwards as positive.
8
Velocity
-1
(m.s )
6
P•
•Q
4
2
T
R
0
200
400
•
600
800
1 000
•
1 200
U
1 400
•
1 600
Time (s)
-2
-4
•
S
-6
3.1
Use the graph to find the maximum height reached by the balloon.
(4)
3.2
Calculate the average speed during the upward journey.
(4)
3.3
Briefly describe, in terms of velocity, the motion of the balloon during interval
RS.
(2)
3.4
Calculate the magnitude of the acceleration of the balloon during interval QR.
(4)
3.5
Without calculation, state the speed of the balloon at point T.
(1)
3.6
Calculate the height of the balloon above the ground, when it is at point T.
(5)
3.7
Draw a sketch graph of displacement versus time for the motion of the balloon
from R to U (t = 500 s to t = 1 600 s). No numerical values need to be
indicated.
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(3)
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QUESTION 4
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[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
A steel ball is dropped from rest at point A above a window. The ball takes 0,25 s to
travel from B to C, which is a window of length (height) 1,5 m. Ignore the effects of air
resistance.
A
B
1,5 m
C
4.1
Define, in words, the term displacement.
(2)
4.2
Show, by calculation, that the velocity of the ball at B is equal to 4,75 m.s-1.
(5)
4.3
Use relevant equations of motion to calculate the height (sAB) above the top of
the window, from where the steel ball was dropped.
QUESTION 5
(5)
[12]
[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
Two blocks, X and Y, each of mass 2 kg, are connected by an inelastic rope of
negligible mass. When a constant force of 6 N is applied horizontally to the right on
block Y, the blocks accelerate at 0,5 m.s-2. The frictional force between the blocks and
the surface is the same.
a = 0,5 m.s-2
X
Y
2 kg
2 kg
Fapplied = 6 N
5.1
State, in words, Newton's Second Law of Motion.
(3)
5.2
Draw TWO separate force diagrams, with labels, showing the horizontal
forces acting on X and Y.
(4)
5.3
Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force experienced by block X AND
the magnitude of the tension in the string that connects X and Y.
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(9)
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QUESTION 6
14
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DoE/May-Jun./2008
[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
Meteorite Hoba, in Namibia, is the biggest known meteorite on earth. It has a mass of
approximately 70 000 kg. More or less 80 000 years ago, on its way to earth, its centre
was a distance r away from the centre of the earth. The gravitational force exerted by
the earth of mass 6 x 1024 kg on the meteorite was equal to 2,75 x 104 N.
Hoba
Earth
r
6.1
Calculate the distance r from the centre of the earth at that stage.
(5)
6.2
As Hoba was coming closer to the earth the magnitude of the force exerted by
the earth on it changed. Was the force increasing, decreasing or
remaining the same? Explain your answer, naming a relevant law of
physics.
(4)
[9]
QUESTION 7
[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
Percy, of mass 75 kg, rides a quad bike (motorcycle with 4 wheels) with a mass of
100 kg, at a speed of 20 m.s-1. As he approaches a red traffic light on a wet and
slippery road, Percy suddenly applies the brakes. The wheels of the quad bike lock
and it skids (slides) in a straight line. The force of friction due to the road causes the
bike to change its velocity from 20 m.s-1 to 0 m.s-1 in 8 s.
7.1
State, in words, the Principle of Conservation of Momentum.
(3)
7.2
Percy states that the reason why he kept moving forward was because of the
conservation of momentum. Is his statement TRUE or FALSE?
(1)
Determine the change in momentum of Percy and the bike, from the moment
the brakes lock until the bike comes to a stop.
(7)
Calculate the magnitude of the average frictional force exerted by the road on
the wheels.
(3)
7.3
7.4
7.5
Calculate the work done by the frictional force in bringing the quad bike to
rest.
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(5)
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QUESTION 8
15
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[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
Two charged conducting spheres, P and Q, on insulated stands, carry charges of
-8 x 10-9 C and +16 x 10-9 C respectively. The spheres are placed 20 mm from each
other, as indicated in the diagram below.
-8 x 10-9 C
8.1
8.2
P
20 mm
Q
+16 x 10-9 C
Calculate the magnitude of the resultant electric field strength halfway
between P and Q.
(7)
Calculate the magnitude of the force that a proton will experience halfway
between the two charged spheres.
(3)
The two spheres are moved to make contact with each other, after which they are
moved back to their original positions.
8.3
Determine the new charge on each sphere.
(2)
8.4
How much charge was transferred?
(2)
8.5
State, in words, Coulomb's Law.
(4)
8.6
Without applying Coulomb's law, determine the factor by which the force that
the one sphere exerted on the other changed, after the spheres made contact
and were placed back in their original positions.
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(3)
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QUESTION 9
16
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DoE/May-Jun./2008
[START ON A NEW PAGE]
Lindi investigates the relationship between the current and the energy transferred by a
resistor X, immersed in water in an insulated calorimeter. She applies constant
currents of 1 A, 2 A, 3 A and 4 A, each for a period of 5 minutes. She uses a
thermometer to measure the rise in temperature corresponding to each of the applied
currents. The mass of the water is kept constant throughout the experiment. The
diagram below shows the set-up of the apparatus used.
Variable resistor
A
•
•
Thermometer
Calorimeter
Resistor
X
The energy, W, transferred by resistor X, was calculated in each experiment assuming
100% efficiency. The values are presented in a table.
Current (I)
in A
1
2
3
4
9.1
9.2
9.3
Current2 (I2)
in A2
1
4
9
16
Energy (W) transferred
by resistor X in joules
600
2 400
5 400
9 600
Use a suitable scale to draw a graph with energy transferred on the vertical
(dependent) axis and I2 on the horizontal (independent) axis on the graph
paper provided. Plot the points and sketch a straight-line graph. Label your
graph clearly.
(6)
Describe in words the relationship between I2 and the energy transferred by
the resistor, as reflected by the graph.
(2)
Calculate the resistance of the resistor Lindi used in her investigation.
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(5)
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QUESTION 10
17
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[START ON A NEW PAGE.]
Thembi wants to listen to her radio which is rated 6 V, 3 W. The only available battery
is a 24 V battery. She decides to use an appropriate resistor to get the correct voltage
for her radio.
10.1
10.2
10.3
Calculate the maximum current which the radio draws from the battery when
operating at its rated voltage.
(4)
Draw a circuit diagram to show how Thembi should connect the resistor to the
radio and the battery.
(3)
If the battery has an internal resistance of 2 Ω, calculate the resistance of the
resistor which Thembi has to use.
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(7)
[14]
TOTAL QUESTION 1:
60
TOTAL QUESTIONS 2 – 10:
140
GRAND TOTAL:
200
Physical Science/HG/P1
1
Senior Certificate Examination
DoE/May-Jun./2008
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
DEPARTEMENT VAN ONDERWYS
SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
SENIORSERTIFIKAAT-EKSAMEN
DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCE
PAPER I (PHYSICS)
GEGEWENS VIR NATUUR- EN SKEIKUNDE
VRAESTEL I (FISIKA)
TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
TABEL 1: FISIESE KONSTANTES
SYMBOL/SIMBOOL
NAME/NAAM
Acceleration due to gravity
VALUE/WAARDE
g
10 m.s−2
G
6,7 × 10−11 N.m2.kg−2
e−
−1,6 × 10−19 C
Swaartekragversnelling
Gravitational constant
Swaartekragkonstante
Charge on electron
Lading op elektron
MATHEMATICAL AIDS/WISKUNDIGE HULPMIDDELS
B
a
c
A
b
C
sinA sinB sinC
=
=
a
b
c
c2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab cosC
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TABLE 2: FORMULAE
TABEL 2: FORMULES
MOTION/BEWEGING
1 2
at
2
v = u + at
s = ut +
v 2 = u 2 + 2as
⎛u + v ⎞
s = ⎜
⎟t
⎝ 2 ⎠
FORCE/KRAG
p = mv
Fres = ma
F =
Gm1m 2
FΔt = Δp = mv - mu
r2
WORK, ENERGY AND POWER/ARBEID, ENERGIE EN DRYWING
W = Fs
P =
Ep = mgh
W
t
1
mv 2
2
Ek =
ELECTROSTATICS/ELEKTROSTATIKA
F =
E =
E =
kQ1Q 2
r2
F
q
kQ
r
2
(k = 9 × 109 N.m2.C−2 )
V =
W
Q
W = QEs
(k = 9 × 109 N.m2.C−2 )
E =
V
d
CURRENT ELECTRICITY/STROOMELEKTRISITEIT
Q = It
emf/emk = I(R + r)
R = r1 + r2 + r3 + …
F =
1 1 1 1
= + + + ...
R r1 r2 r3
V 2t
R
V2
P = VI = I2 R =
R
R =
V
I
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kI1 I2 l
d
W = VIt = I2Rt =
(k = 2 x 10-7 N.A-2)
Physical Science/HG/P1
DoE/May-Jun./2008
Senior Certificate Examination
ANSWER SHEET/ANTWOORDBLAD
Examination number
Eksamennommer
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
DEPARTEMENT VAN ONDERWYS
PHYSICAL SCIENCE HIGHER GRADE PAPER 1 (PHYSICS)
NATUUR- EN SKEIKUNDE HOËR GRAAD VRAESTEL 1 (FISIKA)
1.1
A
B
C
D
1.2
A
B
C
D
1.3
A
B
C
D
1.4
A
B
C
D
1.5
A
B
C
D
1.6
A
B
C
D
1.7
A
B
C
D
1.8
A
B
C
D
1.9
A
B
C
D
1.10
A
B
C
D
1.11
A
B
C
D
1.12
A
B
C
D
1.13
A
B
C
D
1.14
A
B
C
D
1.15
A
B
C
D
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Vir die gebruik van die nasiener
Marks obtained
Punte behaal
Marker's initials
Nasiener se paraaf
Marker's number
Nasiener se
nommer
Physical Science/HG/P1
DoE/May-Jun./2008
Senior Certificate Examination
Examination number
Eksamennommer
QUESTION 9.1/VRAAG 9.1
Hand in this graph paper with your ANSWER BOOK and ensure that your examination
number is entered in the appropriate spaces at the top of this page!
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