1. Art and Diseño

FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
SCHOOL YEAR
2013-2014
4th YEAR COMPULSORY EDUCATION. FINAL EXAM CONTENTS
GRAMMAR
 Modal verbs (must / can / should/ ought to / might / may )
 Modal perfects (must have been / might have been / could have been …)
 Conditionals
1st  IF + PRESENT … FUTURE
2nd  IF + PAST … CONDITIONAL
3rd  IF + PAST PERFECT … WOULD HAVE + past participle
Mixed  IF + PAST PERFECT … WOULD + INFINITIVE
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All the tenses: Present Simple & Continuous; Past Simple & Continuous; past Perfect ; future )
Present Perfect
Yet/Already/ Since/ for / ago
Relative pronouns
Reported speech
 Statements
 Questions (careful with WORD ORDER)
 Orders
VOCABULARY
1. EASILY CONFUSED WORDS
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PRICE / FARE/ RATE / FEES
Fare  tarifa de un billete de un medio de transporte; A transportation charge, as for a bus.
Tuition fees  tasas universitarias; A charge for professional services
Room rate  precio de habitación; the amount of money charged daily for a hotel room
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COACH vs. BUS
Coaches are lot bigger and designed for longer journeys and have a higher level of comfort. They may also
have a larger storage area and a half size lower deck a toilet and possibly television. Buses on the other hand
are designed for shorter journeys and have lower level of comfort. They may come with a double deck but
little or no storage.
SPANIARD (noun) VS. SPANISH (adjective)
SELF-CONFIDENCE vs. TRUST
DUTY (a task or action that a person is bound to perform for moral or legal reasons) vs. RIGHTS (any claim,
title, etc, that is morally just or legally granted as allowable or due to a person)
TRIP/ TRAVEL/ JOURNEY / VOYAGE / CRUISE
http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/learnit/learnitv209.shtml
KIT (Group-Kit) vs QUIT (Dejar de) vs. KITE(cometa) vs QUIET (Silencio) vs QUITE(bastante)
RATHER(bastante - sentido negativo) vs QUITE(bastante - normal,positivo) Rather boring / Quite nice
CIVIL UNION vs DOMESTIC PARTNERSHIP vs SAME-SEX MARRIAGE
LOCKED IN(encerrado dentro) vs LOCKED OUT (encerrado fuera)
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Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
SCHOOL YEAR
2013-2014
2. DEFINITIONS
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Slums A heavily populated urban area characterized by substandard housing and squalor. Often used in the
plural.
i.e In many cities in France and England there are now slums, breeding grounds for many sorts of problems.
Shift  The working period of a group of workers that relieve another on a regular schedule. a crew of
workers who work for a specific period of time
i.e. "You ask to leave work during your shift almost every day".
He's willing to work either overtime or night shift.
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Charity  An institution, organization, or fund established to help the needy
Homesickness  It is the distress caused by the separation from the specific home environment or
attachment objects. Homesickness frequently occurs when one travels and it is especially common in youth.
Couch surfing  Couchsurfing is a neologism referring to the practice of moving from one friend's house to
another, sleeping in whatever spare space is available, floor or couch, generally staying a few days before
moving on to the next house.
(To be a) morning lark  is a person who usually gets up early in the morning and goes to bed early in the evening.
(To be a) night owl  someone who usually stays up late and may feel most awake in the evening.
Consumerism  is a social and economic order that encourages the purchase of goods and services in evergreater amounts.
Generation gap  A difference in values and attitudes between one generation and another, especially
between young people and their parents. the years separating one generation from the generation that
precedes or follows it, esp when regarded as representing the difference in outlook and the lack of
understanding between them.
Commuter  a person who travels to work over an appreciable distance, usually from the suburbs to the
centre of a city. The verb is TO COMMUTE.
Scapegoat  a person who is blamed or punished for the mistakes of others.
The manager of the football team was made a scapegoat for the team's failure, and was forced to resign.
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Merrymaking Festive or happy activity
Put the spin on  To interpret an event to make it seem favorable or beneficial to oneself or one’s cause
Use up (to)  To finish (a supply); consume completely
Quaint (adj.)  Having an old-fashioned or unusual quality or appearance that is usually attractive or
appealing
Krewe A private organization staging festivities (such as parades) during Mardi Gras in New Orleans
Float A motor vehicle used to carry an exhibit in a parade
One-Storey house A house that only has one floor.
Multitask  The action of carry on several activities at the same time like using your laptop, listening music...?
the carrying out of two or more tasks at the same time by one person
Laptop  It's a kind of PC that you can use wherever you want because it's portable?
a personal computer that is small and light enough to be operated on the user's lap
Online dating  It's the action of meeting people by a website there you can find friends or even a boyfriend
or girlfriend
Throng (to)  To gather in a crowd or in a great numbers
Flesh The soft part of the body of an animal or human, esp. muscular issue, as distinct from bone and viscera
Decked out: Decorated
Put away  To return(something) to the correct or proper place, to keep
Ash  The fine particles formed when matter is burnt
Farewell  Goodbye, something that you say to a person who is leaving
Farewell party  fiesta de despedida
Bead  A small, usually round piece of glass, wood, stone, etc. that has a hole through its centre and that is
put on a string with other similar pieces, and worn as jewellery or that is sewn onto clothing
Generation M  (often shortened to genM)
Pick-up truck  a light truck with an open body and low sides and a tailboard.
Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
SCHOOL YEAR
2013-2014
3. PREPOSITIONS
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(be) Fond OF  Estar interesado en algo / sentir apego hacia alguien.
i.e. She is fond of having picnics; I am very fond of Michael.
(be) proud of  estar orgulloso de
(be) eager to  entusiasmado, ansioso, impaciente
i.e. I am eager to show you my new house.
(be) bound (to)  Es fijo que, lo más seguro
(be) willing to  deseoso de
i.e. I am willing to finish the report myself but you’ll have to give me more time.
i.e. I am willing to cook dinner tonight.
Carry ON  Continuar
Caught UP IN  Estar involucrado en
days OFF días libres
Detox FROM  desintoxicarse de
Due TO  debido a
If you are not sure when to use DUE TO or BECAUSE OF, one trick you can use is to substitute “due to” with
“caused by.” If the substitution does not work, then you probably shouldn’t use “due to” there. My low grade was
due to lack of study= My low grade was caused by lack of study.
The substitution works, so “due to” is being used correctly. Here is another example:
I missed the class due to the rain.
*I missed the class caused by the rain.
The substitution doesn’t work here, so “due to” shouldn’t be used there. The correct sentence would be:
I missed the class because of the rain.
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Give WAY to  Dar el paso, ceder el paso
Hooked ON  Estar enganchado a i.e. “He'd gotten completely hooked on the new video game.” Estuvo
completamente enganchado al nuevo videojuego.
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Instead OF en lugar de eso, siempre se coloca al final cuando no va seguido de OF
Keen ON  Aficionado a i.e. He's very keen on eating Chinese food! (Es muy aficionado a la comida) china.
rely ON  confiar en
spend money ON  gastarse dinero en
set OFF fireworks  encender fuegos artificiales
split UP WITH  cortar con (relaciones amorosas)
Take OVER  Dominar, apoderarse, adueñarse.
Tell sb OFF Reñir, regañar
Show OFF  jactarse, alardear, fanfarronear
to be IN a bad mood  estar de mal humor
to be IN a good mood  estar de buen humor
To be IN the mood FOR + ING  i.e. Perhaps you're in the mood for a cruise in the Caribbean. Quizás te
apetezca un crucero por el Caribe.
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Turn OFF FROM  desconectar de i.e. Turning on the television is actually a way to"turn off" from the world.
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Duty (deberes) vs. right (derechos)
squander , waste vs save (money)
careless vs. careful
clockwise (en el sentido de las agujas del reloj) vs anticlockwise (en el sentido inverso a las agujas del reloj)
encouraging (alentador) to stimulate (something or someone to do something) by approval or help; support
vs. discouraging
pack hacer las maletas vs. unpack  deshacer las maletas
Upload vs. Download
4. SYNONYMS & OPPOSITES
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Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
SCHOOL YEAR
2013-2014
Synonyms
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Brag = boast
Bear = stand = put up with
Thronged = packed = crowded
5. IDIOMATIC EXPRESSIONS & SAYINGS
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far and wide  over great distances; everywhere
the line is engaged  la línea está ocupada
rat race  i.e. This degree of comfort helps you to quickly forget stress and the daily rat race.
so far  hasta el momento.
up to now  hasta el momento.
every other day  un día sí y otro no
You name it  "You name it" means "whatever you want". Example: Today's your birthday and I will take you
to any restaurant you want. You name it! =(Puedes escoger el restaurante)
I want to buy your car. I will pay you any price. You name it! = (Voy a pagar el precio que quieras porque
realmente quiero comprar tu coche).
I guess!! Me imagino, supongo
How long does it take you to + INFINITIVE?  ¿cuánto tiempo te lleva?
It takes me five minutes to + INFINITIVE  me lleva cinco minutes ….
Can you relate to those statements? ¿ Te sientes identificado/a con estas afirmaciones?
It's no use crying over spilt milk  Agua pasada no mueve molinos
Every cloud has a silver lining  No hay mal que por bien no venga
I heard it from the grapevine  Me lo dijo un pajarito.
Feel the urge to  Tener ganas de
Got sb to… convencer a alguien de algo.
He is my flesh and blood  Él es carne de mi carne
I can't afford  No me puedo permitir
I can't bear having much responsibility - No puedo soportar tanta responsabilidad
I couldn't help hugging her  No puedo evitar abrazarla
I don't feel like studying English today  No me apetece estudiar inglés hoy
I don't mind  No me importa
I don't mind doing the washing up - No me importa lavar los platos
I regret to inform …  Lamento informar
I'm sick and tired OF eating hamburgers every day - Estoy hasta las narices de comer hamburguesas todos los
días
It's bound to be worse Se estima que será peor
It's estimated - Se estima
Let their hair down  Desmelenarse
Must have taken  Debe de haberlo cogido
Take a cat's nap  Echar una cabezada
Take up your free time - Comiendo tu tiempo libre
Technology is seen as a social obstacle  La tecnología es vista como un obstáculo social
There's life beyond the screen Hay vida más allá de la pantalla
We're used TO getting up earlier  Estamos acostumbrados a levantarnos pronto
catch/get a glimpse of sth  a brief or incomplete view: to catch a glimpse of the sea
Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
SCHOOL YEAR
2013-2014
6. RELATIONSHIPS
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Flirt with sb  coquetear con alguien
to date sb  estar saliendo con alguien
split up with  cortar con alguien
to fancy sb  molarle alguien
to cheat on sb  ponerle los cuernos a alguien
be jealous of sb  tener celos de alguien
7. US vs. UK English
US
UK
MEANING
Sidewalk
Vacations
Metro
Yard
Rubber (condón)
Driver’s license
Fall
Vest
Resumé
Gas (station)
Traveling
Neighbor
Pavement
Holidays
Underground /Tube (London)
Garden
Rubber (goma)
Driving license
Autumn
Waistcoat
Curriculum Vitae (CV)
Petrol (station)
Travelling
neighbour
acera
Vacaciones
Metro
Jardín
Big difference in meaning
Carnet de conducir
Otoño
Chaleco
curriculum
Gasóleo / gasolina
Spelling differences
8. ODDS & ENDS
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Affordable considered to be within one's financial means. i.e. This fee helps to keep local telephone rates
affordable for all customers
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Amusing  divertido, gracioso, entretenido
Arresting  llamativo, atractivo
Ashtray - Cenicero
Assess (to)  Evaluar / Assessed - Evaluado
attend  asistir
Barn  Establo
Barnacles  percebes
Bear  Soportar (=Stand)
behave  comportarse
behavior  comportamiento
Belly  barriga
blackmail  (vb) chantajear, (noun) chantaje. Extortion of money or something else of value from a person by
the threat of exposing a criminal act or discreditable information.
bloody  sangriento
Boast (to)  presumir, alardear i.e. He often boasts about how rich he is
Boundaries - Fronteras
Bow Tie  Pajarita
Brag (to)  Alardear/Presumir (=Boast)
i.e. He is always bragging about how rich he is. (Está alardeando siempre de lo richo que es)
Brand  Marca
Breed  Raza
cattle  ganado
Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
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SCHOOL YEAR
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Character  Personalidad o personaje de un libro
i.e. I really like her. She has a lot of character.
(Me gusta como persona. Tiene mucho carácter)
Charming (adjective)  Encantador
Checked shirt  Camisa de cuadros
Chewy - Que se necesita masticar moito, correoso(ex.pulpo)
Chopped - Picado (food)
Coin (to)  acuñar
Compel / coerce  Coaccionar
Confined  Restringida
Conquer (to)  Dominar
Convenient  close by or easily accessible; handy
Dachshund  Perro Salchicha
Deceive (to)  Engañar
Demanding  Exigente
Device/Gadget  aparato/dispositivo
Dive head first  Tirarse de cabeza.
Donor  Donante
Dwelling place Lugar de residencia.
Effort  Intento
Elderly lady señora mayor, anciana (euphemism)
Enable  habilitar, posibilitar
every other day  on and off
exploitation  explotación
Faint (to)  desmayarse
Fast (to)  Ayunar
Feasible  Factible
feel tempted to do sth sentirse tentado a
Figure  Cifra
Fit  En forma KEEP FIT  mantenerse en forma
Flashy  Llamativo, ostentoso, chillón
flattering (comments, remarks)  to praise (someone) in a way that is not sincere; to praise excessively
especially from motives of self-interest. i.e. He flattered her with comments about her youthful appearance.
Float  Carroza
Gambling  juego/apuestas
Go backpacking - De mochileros
Go hitchhiking  hacer autoestop
Gory  sangriento, cruento
Grab (to) Coger
Graveyard/cemetery Cementerio
Hail  Granizo
Harm(=hurt)  Lastimar, hacer daño
Have a lie-in  remolonear en cama
Hay  Heno
Hay fever  Fiebre del heno
Hiccups  hipo
Hide / Leather Piel de animal / cuero
Historical site  sitio histórico
Hose  Manguera
host (to)  alojar, hacer de anfitrión
Hotspring  Agua caliente(manantial)
House chores  Tareas del hogar
hunchback  jorobado
Inverted commas/ quotation marks Comillas
Income tax  Declaración de la renta.
Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
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Kidney  Riñón
Lengthy Largo
Life Partner  Forma eufemística de Boyfriend/Girlfriend
lockers  taquillas
love affairs  An intimate sexual relationship or episode between lovers; a romantic or sexual relationship
especially between two people who are not married to each other
Marshmallow  nubes de algodón
Mob Multitud / mafia
Mouse/Mice (plural) Ratón / Ratones
Neglect  Negligencia (sust.) / descuidar, desatender (verbo)
On the downside  en el lado negativo
Oversleep (to)  quedarse dormido
Paperwork  Papeleo administrativo
Paprika  Pimentón
Parsley Perejil
Perform (to)  Representar
Performance  representación, actuación i.e. His career has been marked by many masterful performances
plot  argumento
Ranch  rancho
Rape  Violar
Receipts  Recibos, facturas, tickets.
Refurbishing Reformas
Regret (to)  arrepentirse de If it is about sth you did in the past it is followed by –ING i.e. I regret telling you
that lie.
Regret (to)  Lamentar
Reinforce - Reforzar
Reliable  worthy of trust
Roots origins o Raíces
Saying frase hecha, refrán / Refrain - estribillo
Schedule Horarios
Shadow vs. shade
Shadow/ ˈʃædəʊ/ hace referencia a la sombra que proyecta una persona o cosa. Por ejemplo: “His shadow
was long and dark” Su sombra era larga y oscura. ¿Te has fijado? He utilizado "shadow" porque me estoy
refiriendo a la sombra de una persona.
- Your drawing is very strange, I can't see where the shadow of the tree is. Tu dibujo es muy extraño, no puedo
ver dónde está la sombradel árbol. Nota: Aquí sombra aparece como "área oscura que proyecta un objeto".
Shade /ʃeɪd/ Es la sombra que sirve para protegerse del sol. No hace referencia a la sombra que proyectan
las personas o cosas. -Let's sit in the shade. Sentémonos en la sombra. Nota: Estoy diciendo "sentémonos en
un lugar protegido del sol", por eso uso "shade" y no "shadow".
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Shortcuts  Atajos
Slide  Deslizarse
Sliding doors Puertas correderas.
Slip  Resbalar
sly  astuto
Smurf  Pitufo
Spinster  Solterona
Stag party  despedida de soltero
Staged - Escenificado, representado
struggle  esforzarse por, luchar por
Stumble upon - Tropezar con / toparse con
sunset  atardecer
Suspenders  Tirantes
Dolores Rodríguez Calo
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
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Tannery  Curtidoría
Tents  Tiendas
The more you… the + comparative  Cuanto más... más
Thrive - Florecer  Bloom para plantas
Thronged/Packed/Crowded  Petado/abarrotado
Thus (linking word)  Por tanto
To gather - Reunirse
to suit sb best  irle mejor, venirle mejor algo a alguien. i.e. The 19th of April would suit me best to come visit
your shop.
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To tear desgarrar
To be given a ticket  to be fined (que lo multan)
To tease  Picar, chinchar
Toddler  Bebé que gatea (de uno a dos años)
travel light  to bring very few things with you when you go on a trip (viajar ligero de equipaje)
Tray  Bandeja
Trigger (to)  (usually followed by off) to give rise (to); set off i.e. the noise triggered an avalanche. His
words triggered (off) an argument.
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Venture - Inicio de negocio(sust.) / atreverse(verb)
Vow Promesa
wage  sueldo
wealthy / well-off  rich
Well  Pozo
Worth  Valorar
Youth  Juventud a youth  un joven
Snap (to)  say abruptly (hablar bruscamente, espetar)
Pant (to)  jadear
Dash (to)  salir pitando, salir corriendo
Retail sale the sale of goods individually or in small quantities to consumers (venta al por menor)
Arresting (adjective)  llamativo, impresionante
Unrivalled (adj.) sin rival, sin igual, sin par
Coated (covered with)  cubierto, revestido
Fillings relleno
Shade  tonalidad, matiz
o In the shade  a la sombra
US SCHOOL SYSTEM
Pottery  alfarería
Weights  pesas
Weightlifting  halterofilia
Sewing  costura
Schedule  horario
Switch (to)  change
Corsage  arreglo floral para poner en la muñeca o en la solapa
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FINAL EXAM CONTENTS. 4º ESO
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CULTURE AND TRADITIONS
 Poppy Day = Remembrance Day
You can find information at http://resources.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk/customs/remembrance.html
When is it celebrated?
Where does the name come from?
What do people do on that day?
 Buy Nothing Day
http://www.buynothingday.co.uk/
 Carnival (Mardi Gras in New Orleans)
 Easter. Check the heading SPECIAL OCCASIONS on the school website.
 Differences between the States and Spain
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Urban planning
Landscape
Eating habits
Organ donation
 US School system: daily routines, the way the year is structured, electives, summer jobs, special activities…
Check the heading SPECIAL OCCASIONS on the school website.
 4th July (Independence Day). Check the heading SPECIAL OCCASIONS on the school website.
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