1 Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Proyecto DGI 2015
Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú Proyecto DGI 2015-01-0072 Aproximación filogenética a la clasificación interna de la familia lingüística pano Investigador principal: Roberto Zariquiey Lista de 200 palabras (Swadesh 1952) Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 1 animal animal ˈjujna 2 dog perro ˈpaşda 3 bird pájaro ˈpɨja 4 snake culebra ˈɾudu 5 fish [noun] pez; pescado ˈʃima 6 louse piojo ˈija 7 worm (i.e., earthworm) lombriz (no gusano) nuj 8 grass pasto ˈɸasi 9 tree árbol di: 10 name nombre ˈadɨ 11 father padre ˈɨpa, ˈɨwɨpa 12 mother madre ˈɨwa 13 husband esposo; marido ˈɨnhuɨdɨ 14 wife esposa ˈɨnwɨa:mi 15 man [male] hombre ˈduʔuhɨdi 16 woman mujer ˈajnɸu 17 child niño ˈɸaɨşta 18 person (human) persona ˈju:ɾa 1 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 19 head cabeza ˈba:pu 20 ear oreja ˈpaʧu 21 eye ojo ˈɸɨɾu 22 nose nariz ˈɾɨʧuʔu 23 mouth boca ˈaʂwa 24 tongue lengua ˈa:da 25 tooth [front] diente ˈpiti, ˈşɨta 26 neck cuello ˈtɨʂu 27 belly barriga ˈşaʔi 28 back [of body] espalda ˈpiʧi 29 tail rabo, cola ˈida 30 leg pierna ˈkiʃi 31 foot pie taɨ 32 wing ala ˈampɨj 33 hand mano ˈbɨɸi 34 heart corazón ˈuɨnti 35 guts tripas; intestinos ˈpuʔu 36 liver hígado ˈtaʔa 37 bone hueso şaw 38 meat (flesh) carne ˈdabi 39 fat (grease) grasa ˈʃidi 40 skin [of person] piel ˈɸiʧi 41 hair cabello (o pelo) ˈhuʔu 42 feather [large] pluma ˈşupu 43 blood sangre ˈibi 2 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 44 root raíz ˈtaʧa 45 bark [of tree] corteza ˈhɨpu 46 leaf hoja pɨj 47 flower flor ˈʧaɾu 48 fruit (berry) fruta ˈɸibi 49 seed semilla ˈɨʂɨ 50 stick [of wood] palo ˈibi ~ ˈiwi 51 ashes ceniza ˈbapu 52 mountain montaña — 53 woods (forest) bosque di: 54 river río ˈɨdɨ 55 lake lago ˈɨdɨ 56 sea mar ˈɨdɨ 57 water agua ˈɨdɨ 58 ice hielo ˈɨdɨ ˈbatsi 59 fire fuego ʧi: 60 smoke [noun] humo ˈkunwi 61 earth [soil] tierra baj 62 dust polvo ˈbapu 63 sand arena ˈmajnhi ~ ˈmajnɸi 64 stone piedra ˈtujri 65 road (path) carretera (camino, trocha, sendero) ɸaj 66 egg huevo tu: 67 rain lluvia uwi 68 snow nieve — 3 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 69 fog neblina ɸuj 70 sky cielo daj 71 cloud nube ɸuj 72 wind [breeze] viento ɸuj 73 sun sol ˈɸaɾi 74 star estrella ˈɨşta 75 day [daytime] día ˈpɨda, ˈşaɸa 76 night noche ˈɸaiʃ 77 year año ˈɸaɾi, ˈʃidi 78 rope (cord) cuerda ˈdiʃi 79 salt sal ˈsaw 80 i yo ɨ 81 thou [you] usted, tú mi 82 he él ˈuwa 83 they ellos ˈuwahu 84 we nosotros nu: 85 ye [you all] ustedes; vosotros ˈmahu, ˈmaɾahɨ 86 who [interr.] quién ˈtswamɨ 87 what [interr.] qué ˈawamɨ 88 this este da 89 that ése; aquel uwa, da 90 live vivir ˈdjaj 91 die morir ˈmɨdaj 92 freeze congelar; helarse ˈmatsinaj 93 swell hinchar ˈɸaɾaʃia 4 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 94 fall [drop] caer(-se) ˈpaɨa 95 breathe respirar ˈʂaʔaj 96 blow [wind] soplar ˈʂwnaj 97 sleep dormir ˈuşa 98 lie [be lying down] echar(-se) ˈɾaʔaj 99 sit sentar(-se) ˈtsawa 100 stand parar(-se) ˈdiwɨ 101 float flotar; rebalsar ˈdudua 102 flow fluir ˈsibɨj 103 come venir ˈɨuwɨ 104 walk caminar; andar (more general) ˈkaj 105 fly [verb] volar ˈduʔujaj 106 swim nadar ˈtupitjaj 107 turn [intr. v.] voltear, girar ˈɸuswakaw 108 play jugar ˈkaşɨj 109 see ver ˈunwɨ 110 smell [tr. v.] oler ˈʂɨtɨaj 111 hear oír ˈdjaj 112 know [facts] saber ˈtapja 113 think pensar ˈʃinaj 114 fear [verb] temer ˈbɨsaj 115 count [verb] contar ˈtanaɸaj 116 say decir ˈjuwja 117 sing cantar ˈɸanaj 118 laugh reír ˈɸitsaj 5 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 119 eat comer pi 120 drink [verb] beber, tomar ˈajaj 121 suck chupar ˈkuʔuj 122 bite morder ˈşatɨaj, ˈkɨjuj 123 spit [verb] escupir ˈbɨʧuj 124 vomit [verb] vomitar ˈanaj 125 scratch [itch] rascar ˈşwaj 126 hunt cazar ˈdjaj 127 burn [tr. v.] quemar ˈkuwaj 128 sew coser ˈɨʔɨʃi 129 tie [verb] atar, amarrar ˈdɨşaj 130 pull jalar ˈdidi 131 throw tirar; lanzar ˈputaj, ˈtsaka 132 push empujar ˈpɨşuj 133 squeeze apretar ˈjɨɾɨaj 134 dig cavar; escarbar ˈpunʔi, ˈpiwɨj 135 wash lavar ˈpatsaj 136 wipe limpiar; enjugar ˈtɨɾɨaj 137 rub sobar, frotar ˈtɨɾɨaj 138 give dar ˈinaj 139 hold [in hand] agarrar, sostener ˈaʧi 140 cut [verb] cortar ˈşatɨj 141 split partir; hender ˈkaşkɨj 142 fight pelear; luchar ˈşɨtɨnaj 143 hit golpear, pegar ˈkuşaj 6 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 144 stab [or pierce] penetrar (perforando) ˈsɨwɨj 145 kill matar ˈɾɨtɨj 146 smooth liso ˈɲinɸa, ˈmaɲu 147 warm (hot weather) caliente ˈşada 148 cold [weather] frío ˈbatsi 149 sharp [knife] filudo, filoso ˈkɨdu 150 dull [knife] desafilado; embotado ˈʃitu 151 rotten [log] podrido ˈpisi 152 straight recto, derecho ˈkajaʔaɸi 153 dirty sucio ˈʧuşta 154 heavy pesado ˈɨwɨ 155 wet mojado ˈbɨʧa 156 dry [adj./v.] seco ˈbɨtu, ˈʃinaj 157 black negro ˈɸɨsu(pa) 158 white blanco ˈuşu(pa) 159 red rojo ˈunʃi 160 yellow amarillo ˈaɾawa 161 green verde şu 162 new nuevo ˈɸɨda 163 old [adj.] viejo ˈşɨdi 164 good bueno ˈşaɾa 165 bad malo ˈʧaʔa 166 here aquí; acá ˈdɨdu 167 there ahí; allí; allá ˈudu 168 near cerca ˈʧaj ˈbaşta 7 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 169 far lejos ˈʧaj 170 right (side) derecha ˈkajaʔaɸi 171 left (side) izquierda ˈbiʃkiwɾi 172 big grande ˈɨwapa 173 wide ancho ˈpɨta 174 thick grueso ˈɨwapa 175 small pequeño ˈʧuʧuşta 176 thin delgado ˈiɾabada 177 narrow angosto; estrecho ˈʧuʧuşta 178 long largo ˈʧaj 179 short corto; bajo (vertical) ˈɨştɨiʃta 180 one uno ˈɸɨsti 181 two dos ˈɾahɨ 182 three tres ˈɾahɨna ˈɸɨsti 183 four cuatro ˈɾahɨna ˈɾahɨ 184 five cinco ˈɾahɨna ˈɾahɨ ˈɸɨsti 185 many muchos ˈiʧapa 186 few pocos ˈiʧapaşta 187 all todos ˈiʧapaw 188 some algunos — 189 other otro ˈɸɨtsa 190 where [interr.] dónde ˈɸajmɨ 191 when [interr.] cuándo ˈawɨtja 192 how [interr.] cómo ˈawɨskaj 193 in en, adentro ˈuɨmɨɾa ~ ˈuwɨmɨɾa 8 Swadesh Spanish MASTANAWA 194 right (correct) correcto ˈkajaʔaɸi 195 not no — 196 and y — 197 because porque ˈawɨskaj (¿?) 198 if si — 199 at en — 200 with [accom-panyment] con — 9
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