1. Art and Diseño

 Report to the University of Missouri Board of Curators Robert D. Hisrich, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus and Consultant January 29, 2015 Report to the University of Missouri Board of Curators Robert D. Hisrich, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus and Consultant January 29, 2015 I. Background The Kansas City Star on July 26, 2014 published an article making numerous allegations against the University of Missouri Kansas City (UMKC).1 These included but are not limited to: 1. Improperly influencing a research paper published in the Journal of Product Innovation Management (JPIM) written by two visiting Chinese scholars that ranked a UMKC professor and the institution itself as the number one researcher in the field of innovation management in the world and the number one research university in the world respectively; 2. Providing exaggerated and misstated data particularly to the Princeton Review Board; and 3. Acquiring a $32 million dollar donation from Henry Bloch based on past and future rankings. I, Robert D. Hisrich, Ph.D. was engaged by the Board of Curators of the University of Missouri and its General Counsel to provide professional consulting services in connection with a review of these allegations by working with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and reviewing appropriate material with respect to these allegations and the findings of PwC.2 1
The Kansas City Star article at issue, “UMKC’s Misleading March to the Top,” (July 26, 2014), is attached as Appendix A. 2
The Curriculum Vitae of Robert D. Hisrich, Ph.D. is attached as Appendix B. 1 II. Executive Summary Based on my review, I conclude that: 1. The circumstances surrounding the publication of the JPIM article and the methodology employed were consistent with generally acceptable professional practices; 2. The information provided to the Princeton Review Board for certain years was inaccurate in three subject matter areas, but I cannot conclude that the inaccurate information made a material difference in UMKC’s rankings; and 3. The $32 million gift of Henry Bloch was not motivated by past and future rankings but primarily by the need for a new facility to accommodate increasing enrollment. III. Procedures Performed The following procedures were performed: 1. Worked with PwC in determining the due diligence procedures and issues particularly in the areas of questions to be addressed and individuals to be interviewed; 2. Reviewed the material related to the article appearing in the JPIM and the Princeton Review data submitted and rankings; 3. Reviewed and assessed the factual findings of PwC. IV. Report This report is presented in three sections: the JPIM article, the Princeton Review rankings and the $32 million donation. 1. Article in the Journal of Product Innovation Management The article in question,3 written by two Chinese scholars while unpaid visiting scholars at UMKC, ranked the world’s top scholars in innovation management as well as their current university to determine the current faculty research capabilities of the universities in the field of innovation management. The article used a modified version of a research article previously published in a 2007 issue of the same journal. The author of the 2007 JPIM Perspective Article indicated in a PwC interview that the UMKC Professor and Director of IEI did provide him with the idea to write the rankings article but did not provide him with the methodology concerning the time period, journals or 3
The Journal of Product Innovation Management article at issue, “Perspective: Ranking of the World’s Top Innovation Management Scholars and Universities,” (2012), is attached as Appendix C. 2 counting method to be used. The UMKC Professor and Director of IEI did make some stylistic, but not substantive, comments on the article before it was submitted to the JPIM, a procedure often employed in submitting journal articles. The article in question by the Chinese visiting scholars was a modified version of the first ranking article, which is often done by scholars doing a follow‐up study. It differs from the original article in the following ways: a. Articles in 10 journals (9 the same) were used versus 14 journals in the previous study; b. A timeframe of 20 years versus 15 years was used; and c. Ranked the scholars and ranked universities where the scholar currently resided versus just ranking the scholars. Changes such as these frequently occur in follow‐up articles. The research methodology employed by the two scholars was clearly stated in the ranking method section of the article in question. The article in the JPIM was considered a Perspectives paper and its review followed the procedure of the JPIM for this type of paper – acceptance by editor, copy editing, return to authors for edits, and then the usual proofreading and edits until the article was ready to print. When concerns about the article occurred, an independent review was performed by the JPIM by enlisting the services of three anonymous reviewers with expertise in both the publication and innovation management space. The three reviewers independently felt that the article as submitted was correctly accepted as a Perspectives paper in the journal. There was no evidence uncovered that the UMKC Professor and Director of IEI influenced the research design of the article and his involvement including commenting on a draft of the article and introducing the authors and the article to the editor of the journal are standard procedures followed by many academics in assisting visiting foreign scholars submitting articles to U.S. academic journals. Once a research design is determined, the results of a counting procedure employed would be obtained by anyone employing the methodology. While it would have been informative for the two Chinese authors to indicate their affiliation with UMKC as visiting professors, overall, the circumstances surrounding the submission, review and acceptance of the JPIM article and the methodology of the study were consistent with generally acceptable professional practices. 3 2. Princeton Review Board Data and Rankings Questions arose regarding the overall ranking of UMKC and specifically the accuracy of the data submitted for certain years in response to specific questions in the Princeton Review survey of both undergraduate and graduate programs in entrepreneurship. The questions of concern are classified in three areas: number and type of undergraduate and graduate students, number of officially recognized clubs, and the number of officially sponsored mentorship programs. The specific questions in these three categories included: a. What was the initial formal enrollment (full‐time and part‐time) of the undergraduate and graduate programs in entrepreneurship in the current academic year? b. What percentage of your total undergraduate and graduate student body both full‐time and part‐time were formally enrolled in your entrepreneurship program for the current academic year? c. What percentage of the total undergraduate and graduate student bodies both full‐time and part‐time degree seeking were formally enrolled in your entrepreneurship program for the current academic year? d. For the last academic year, what percentage of formally enrolled undergraduate and graduate entrepreneurial students launched a business while at your school? e. Of that group of students, what percentage are still in business? f. For the most recent graduating class, what percentage of formally enrolled undergraduate and graduate students launched a business since graduating? g. Of that group, what percentage are still in business? h. How many officially recognized clubs/organizations do you offer that are specifically for entrepreneurship students? i. How many official‐sponsored mentorship programs do you offer specifically for entrepreneurship students? The findings of PwC as well as my own investigation indicate that there were concerns about the responses of UMKC to the Princeton Review survey and the resulting ranking; the data reported for these three general categories seems to be misstated and much higher than it should be. According to a PwC interview with the UMKC Professor and IEI Director, the data may be flawed as it only included e‐scholar‐related students and not the entire student body. The data submitted indicated that:  50% of both undergraduate and graduate students launched a business while at the school in 2012; 59% of both did so in 2013; and only 10% of both did so in 2014.  100% of both undergraduate and graduate formally‐ enrolled students launched a business since graduating in 2012, 2013 and 2014.  The number of clubs officially recognized for entrepreneurship students for undergraduate and graduate students reported was: 4 for both graduate and 4 
undergraduate in 2010; 29 for graduate and 28 for undergraduate in 2011; 28 for graduate and 27 for undergraduate in 2012; 29 for both graduate and undergraduate in 2013; and 5 for both undergraduate and graduate in 2014. The minimum number of officially sponsored mentorship programs reported were: 2 for graduate and 1 for undergraduate in 2010; 38 for undergraduate and 39 for graduate in 2011, 78 for both graduate and undergraduate for 2012 and 2013; and 33 for both graduate and undergraduate in 2014. While these numbers do appear to be misstated or “flawed,” the impact this information had on the overall final ranking of UMKC could not be determined. The methodology for the Princeton Review Board Ranking, not associated in any way with Princeton University, is not revealed unlike the methodology used by many other rankings. In an attempt to determine the methodology employed, the interview by PwC of the Director of Content Development for the Princeton Review Board, revealed that:  the Princeton Review Board does not perform an audit of responses provided by a university but does require certification from each university stating that the information they are providing is accurate;  the Princeton Review Board declined the request to perform a recalculation of prior year’s rankings based on revised data which accounted for the inclusion of all undergraduate and graduate students not just the data solely based on e‐scholar students as well as updated data on clubs and mentorship programs;  UMKC’s use of only e‐scholar students would not be acceptable; and  a shift in one data point, even going from 100% to 0%, would not change the overall outcome of the 2014 ranking of UMKC’s program due to the Princeton Review Board’s process which includes evaluating 40 data points. While I conclude that inaccurate data was submitted to the Princeton Review for three subject matter areas, I cannot conclude that the inaccurate data made a material difference in UMKC’s rankings. The Princeton Review Board does not disclose its rankings methodology and declined to recalculate the previous rankings based on revised data. In an email dated July 22, 2014, The Kansas City Star stated that none of its research suggests the inaccurate information would have changed the previous rankings. And recent submissions of UMKC using more conservative data resulted in UMKC remaining in the top 25 universities in the Princeton Review Rankings. 5 3. The $32 Million Donation No evidence was uncovered to support the contention that the JPIM article and the Princeton Review Board rankings impacted the Henry Bloch donation. This contention does not line up with the timeline for the decision and comments by Henry Bloch Endowment Board members.  On August 30, 2011, Henry Bloch and UMKC finalized an agreement to fund an addition to the Henry W. Bloch School of Management which was made public on September 26, 2011.  The PwC interview of the Henry Bloch Endowment Board Chair revealed that while rankings were important to Henry Bloch, his primary motivation to donate these funds was not the rankings but the comment by a Henry Bloch Endowment Board member about the need for a new building to accommodate increasing enrollment.  The PwC interview of the Henry Bloch Endowment Board member revealed that the need for the new building was presented in the Endowment Board meeting in the Spring of 2011 and that the decision to provide the $32 million was because Henry Bloch wanted the school to continue down a successful path and that rankings were not a driving factor. # # # # # 6 APPENDIX A “UMKC’s Misleading March to the Top,” Kansas City Star (July 26, 2014) “UMKC’s Misleading March to the Top”
by Mike Hendricks and Mara Rose Williams
The Kansas City Star
published online July 26, 2014, published in print July 27, 2014
After decades of struggling to boost its profile beyond that of a commuter college, the University
of Missouri-Kansas City finally could call itself a global leader.
“UMKC ranked No. 1 in the World,” a 2011 university news release said.
An academic study had ranked UMKC’s business school ahead of Harvard, Stanford and other
top colleges in innovation management research — the study of how entrepreneurs turn good
ideas into big bucks and jobs.
“Oh my, have we made a big score,” Chancellor Leo Morton told a crowd at the formal
announcement.
But a Kansas City Star investigation raises questions about that score and other rankings
achieved by UMKC’s Henry W. Bloch School of Management. The Star found a pattern of
exaggerations and misstatements that polished the school’s reputation as it sought to boost
enrollment and open donors’ checkbooks.
At the newspaper’s request, independent experts analyzed the No. 1-in-the-world study, which
was published in the Journal of Product Innovation Management. One concern the experts cited:
a previously undisclosed relationship between the university and the study’s Chinese authors.
In addition, the experts said, it appears the study may have been structured in such a way to
ensure that the Bloch School received the top ranking.
At the time the paper was written, the two authors were working on the UMKC campus as
visiting scholars at the Bloch School. Their yearlong visit was at the invitation of then-dean
Teng-Kee Tan and professor Michael Song.
The two women had come from the same Chinese university where Song had been a part-time
professor the previous four years. At UMKC, the three worked in the same building. And, The
Star has learned, the authors consulted with Song about the paper before its publication.
Both UMKC and officials at the Journal of Product Innovation Management, or JPIM, say those
relationships do not negate the study’s findings.
But the undisclosed relationship and the study’s unorthodox methodology raised red flags for
several experts. At a school named for Henry W. Bloch, an entrepreneur whose motto is “no
shortcuts,” the revelations sting, some students and faculty members say.
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“They named themselves the No. 1 in innovation technology,” said former Ph.D. candidate Xian
Cao, “but I don’t really believe it.”
A professor who feared that speaking out would harm his career said he and his colleagues were
skeptical even as the study’s results were announced.
“We all knew that this was bullshit,” he said. “We knew that UMKC was not better than MIT
and Stanford.”
Another professor, Richard Arend, demanded an investigation. Despite assurances to the
contrary from UMKC and the journal’s editors, he remains convinced that the study was
contrived, with help from people within the university, to deliver UMKC its top standing.
“Science is about investigating strange outcomes,” Arend told The Star. “For example, when
UMKC is ranked above more-established, better-funded, private institutions like Stanford, MIT
and Harvard in an area of knowledge that they are world renowned for, there are questions.”
In a written statement, UMKC called Arend’s suspicions groundless and dismissed him as “a
disgruntled Bloch School faculty member whom Michael Song declined to recommend for
promotion.”
But he was not alone. Former Bloch School assistant professor H. Dennis Park, now at Drexel
University in Philadelphia, said he left UMKC in part because of what he thought were inflated
rankings.
“I was a little concerned. ‘What if these things got out?’” he said. “It is sort of like these people
who were working for Enron before the disaster happened.”
At The Star’s request, the editors of two academic journals analyzed the JPIM study, as did the
co-founder of a website that highlights flaws in academic research.
Like Arend, all either questioned the JPIM study’s validity or cited potential shortcomings in the
methodology and data collection.
“I just think this paper is fatally flawed,” said Ivan Oransky, co-founder of
RetractionWatch.com.
Oransky was among dozens of people inside and outside UMKC interviewed for this story. The
Star also reviewed thousands of pages of internal UMKC documents obtained through an openrecords request, as well as information from other sources.
From those interviews and records, reporters found a number of other embellishments that
boosted the Bloch School’s reputation in recent years.
Among them were inaccuracies and mischaracterizations of fact in the data the university
supplied to the Princeton Review, which has awarded UMKC’s entrepreneurship program high
rankings in four of the past five years.
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UMKC denies it “engaged in ‘a pattern of exaggerations’ or took ‘short cuts’ on a path to
achieving national and global recognition and rankings.”
Tan stepped down as dean last year for health reasons and sent word that he was unable to
respond to requests for comment.
Song denied that he inflated the accomplishments of the entrepreneurship program he founded at
UMKC. He dismissed as “nonsense” allegations that the JPIM paper was rigged to deliver
UMKC the top world ranking, and he said he couldn’t recall what if any role he had in its
publication.
“Did I see a version of their paper? I don’t really remember,” he said.
Perhaps the only person to whom the Bloch School rankings were more important than Tan and
Song was Henry Bloch himself. The co-founder of the H&R Block tax preparation firm had long
pushed for recognition for a school he considered one of his legacies to Kansas City.
In 2011, he finally made a donation that UMKC had long sought to add a building at the growing
Bloch School.
The $32 million gift, which came a few months before the No. 1 ranking, was the largest in
UMKC history. And it was one, Bloch told The Star, that he doubts he would have made absent
the other rankings that were coming the school’s way.
‘A virtuous cycle’
The Bloch School had few rankings to brag about before Tan left Nanyang Technological
University in Singapore for UMKC in 2009.
The Bloch School appeared on none of the lists ranking the best business schools in the nation.
Not Bloomberg/Businessweek. Not The Economist. Not Forbes or U.S. News & World Report.
UMKC wanted Tan to change that.
On top of his base salary of $410,000 — more than Morton was being paid to run the entire
university — Tan was promised an annual bonus of up to $50,000 if he could boost the school’s
profile, enlist community support and raise money.
Tan understood rankings’ role in reaching all three goals.
“Top ranking results,” Tan wrote a friend several months ago, “is the trigger of a virtuous cycle
for building brand equity and excellence and sustainable resources for today’s business schools.”
Without top rankings, the Bloch School had struggled for years to raise money to hire new
faculty and add degree programs.
A-3
One example: the failure to match a $12.5 million challenge grant that the Kauffman Foundation
pledged in the mid-2000s toward development of the Bloch School’s then-fledgling
entrepreneurship education program.
“If it is matched, it will give the Bloch School a tremendous lift,” a report by the Greater Kansas
City Community Foundation said before the September 2007 deadline.
“On the other hand, failure to match will be seen as a significant failure of leadership by the
university, the Bloch School and the philanthropic community.”
Failure came, and UMKC left roughly half of the Kauffman money on the table.
The next year, when the university sought replacements for both the chancellor and the dean of
the business school, fundraising ability was high on the lists of job requirements.
The Bloch School needed someone who could get the business and philanthropic community
excited, and Tan promised to do just that.
“I faced the search committee,” Tan told a reporter soon after moving into the wood-paneled
dean’s suite at Oxford Hall. “I said, ‘My job is to make your dreams come true.’”
Tan began to make that happen by expanding the executive education certificate program, which
provides training for employees of area companies. He established ties with overseas
universities, especially in China, as a way to attract foreign students.
And he set an ambitious goal to double Bloch School enrollment within five years.
It wouldn’t be easy, but that’s where top rankings can be helpful, said John Byrne, who in 1988
developed the first regular business school rankings system while at BusinessWeek.
“It’s the No. 1 criteria an applicant uses to choose a business school,” said Byrne, who runs the
graduate business education website Poets & Quants.
But not all rankings carry the same weight. Those handed out by U.S. News and
Bloomberg/Businessweek, for example, are held in higher regard than those awarded by the
Princeton Review, known for its “Top 20 Party Schools.”
Criticism of the Princeton Review, which has no association with Princeton University, stems
from the company’s refusal to disclose its methodology.
“We don’t know the weight of any of the 40 data points,” Byrne said. That’s why he thinks the
rankings are “dramatically flawed.”
Still, Tan was thrilled in 2009 when the Bloch School entered the list at No. 25 for its
entrepreneurship program.
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“It will lift the entire standard of the business school as a whole,” he said, “and attract nationally
the top student candidates. They will come here, start ventures and take root here in Kansas
City.”
‘We wanted a builder’
Song came to UMKC in 2004 with the understanding that he would build a “nationally preeminent” entrepreneurship program for the Bloch School, based in part on his reputation as a top
academic.
“Michael had the most impressive research portfolio,” said Lee Bolman, a professor who was on
the search committee. “He had been a very productive scholar and, second, he exudes energy and
enthusiasm. Michael is an entrepreneur himself. He’s a builder, and we wanted a builder.”
By the time Tan arrived, Song was well on his way to shaping the program that he and his
employers had envisioned, the Institute for Entrepreneurship and Innovation.
His sales pitch to potential donors emphasized how Kansas City’s economy would benefit from
an institute that did cutting-edge research and provided hands-on training to budding
entrepreneurs.
“We cannot make UMKC into Stanford,” Song said. But by focusing on a single niche, training
entrepreneurs how to succeed, the Bloch School could distinguish itself, he said.
Tan embraced that vision, and together the two would go on to aggressively promote the
institute, known as IEI.
That initial top 25 Princeton Review ranking wasn’t treated merely as welcome recognition for
the Bloch School. Tan called it a signature event for UMKC as a whole.
“My goal is to put Bloch on the map by making us known for what we do best,” he said. “Rising
waters lift all boats, and along that journey, we bring up the standards of everything we do at
Bloch.”
It was slow going at first. In 2010, the Bloch School fell off the Princeton Review list.
On occasion, embellishment was a stand-in for accomplishment. In a 2010 video uploaded to
YouTube, Song claimed the Bloch School had won accolades from The New York Times.
“We have been featured in The New York Times as one of the two national best models for
entrepreneurial education,” Song said in that video greeting to guests at a university event.
In fact, that 2005 article in The Times made no such endorsement. Rather, the one-sentence
mention said the Bloch School had “a strong emphasis on entrepreneurship” and was “adding a
program in January in which student teams create and run their own companies for six months.”
Questioned about it recently, Song acknowledged the “error,” attributing it to “a poor choice of
words.”
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In its formal response, UMKC said the IEI “as an entity has never made a claim of endorsement
by The New York Times.”
But Song was not alone. Morton repeated the claim, documents show, as did the IEI in its
successful 2012 application for an award from the U.S. Association for Small Business and
Entrepreneurship.
Even today, The New York Times logo appears at the bottom of the institute’s home page,
alongside logos for awards and rankings the IEI has received.
The JPIM paper
Although rankings were hard to come by in 2010, the next year saw two major announcements.
The first was September’s pairing of Henry Bloch’s $32 million gift for a new building with
news that not only was the graduate entrepreneurship program back on Princeton Review’s top
25 list, but that the undergraduate program had made it too.
Then in December came the announcement of the school’s top global ranking.
With an advance copy of the journal study in hand, UMKC administrators had spent weeks that
fall planning what they called the “Big Bang Event.”
“The ranking,” said an internal university memo, “will have a significant impact on the
reputation of UMKC as a global research university … as well as Kansas City as it positions
itself as the ‘entrepreneurial capital of the world.’”
It was Tan who alerted UMKC officials to the ranking months before its publication and pushed
for the splashy announcement to a crowd of 300 business leaders and other potential donors.
Yet when Tan recited the biographies of the study’s authors at the event, he gave no clue that
they had spent the previous year at UMKC as visiting scholars.
Nor did the journal article mention those ties.
But The Star has learned that the women, PianPian Yang and Lei Tao, arrived at Song’s
invitation and that Tan had signed off on visa request forms for them, according to the university
system’s assistant custodian of records.
Yang was a Ph.D. candidate and Tao an assistant professor at the Management School of Xi’an
Jiaotong University. Song had been a specially appointed professor there from 2006 to 2010
while working full time at UMKC.
Yang’s resume says she was at UMKC from August 2010 to August 2011. At UMKC, Song
described himself as “their professor.”
A-6
Because the authors did not respond to requests for comment, it’s unclear why they chose to
write the academic paper that ranked UMKC No. 1 on a list of the “world’s top innovation
management universities” and Song as the globe’s most prolific researcher.
But the paper’s aim, its introduction stated, was to “extend” a 2007 JPIM rankings article by
Jeffrey Thieme.
Thieme’s work ranked the top scholars in innovation management. Yang and Tao did that, but
they also ranked the top universities where those scholars worked.
Unbeknown to readers of JPIM, there was a common thread between the two studies beyond the
fact that both found Song to be the No. 1 researcher.
Song also played a role in each.
It was Song, Thieme said, who suggested he write that first paper for Anthony DiBenedetto, then
JPIM’s editor. DiBenedetto also was a friend of Song and collaborator on two dozen papers.
“Michael did say something about it and said that Tony (DiBenedetto) would probably be
interested in it,” said Thieme, one of Song’s former doctoral students and now a professor at the
University of Memphis. “So I started looking into it and thought, ‘Yeah, there might be
something there.’”
Thieme counted the number of articles Song and other scholars published in 14 academic
journals over a 15-year period. He chose those 14, he said, because they had been identified in
previous studies as the top-ranked journals in the fields of marketing, management and
technology innovation management.
The 15-year period he surveyed mirrored the years Song had been publishing papers at the time.
Thieme acknowledged that “counting articles” like his are subjective by nature because the
author chooses the journals to survey and the time frame to measure.
“But I didn’t put any subjectivity in mine,” Thieme said, adding that Song clearly deserved the
top ranking.
“All I did was lay it out. How the chips fell, that’s how they fell.”
Like Thieme, the two Chinese scholars also ranked innovation management scholars based on
how many articles they had published in certain journals.
Except when they did it, five years later, the journal mix was different. They counted articles in
10 journals rather than Thieme’s 14. And instead of 15 years, the time period was 20 years —
again mirroring Song’s years of writing journal articles.
The result was clearly beneficial to UMKC and its faculty.
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In addition to Song retaining his No. 1 status with 53 articles in those 10 journals, his UMKC
colleague and mentor, Mark Parry, rose from 13th place to fourth with 18 papers. Song’s ex-wife
and UMKC colleague, Lisa Zhao, who hadn’t made the earlier list, was now ranked 50th.
Meanwhile, some of their peers at other universities saw their rankings drop. Fewer of their
articles were counted because of the change in journals selected.
One example: Elko Kleinschmidt, professor emeritus at McMaster University in Ontario,
dropped from fifth place to 19th. Thieme’s study credited him with 17 articles during a 15-year
period; Yang and Tao’s study credited him with only nine in 20 years.
“I can only think that the inclusion of these (other) journals would have given a somewhat
changed top listing,” said Kleinschmidt, who claimed it was “misleading” for Yang and Tao to
say the journals they selected were similar to the ones used in the 2007 article.
But for those who would later raise questions about the study, the university rankings were
oddest of all.
Traditionally, universities are ranked using a method created by the University of Texas-Dallas
to rank the research output at top U.S. business schools. Yang and Tao acknowledged that in
their paper.
That method credits scholars’ papers to the universities where they worked at the time the papers
were published. The thinking is that approach better reflects the school’s research climate over
the long term.
But Yang and Tao chose instead to award credit for all of an author’s papers, no matter where
they were written, to the university where the researcher was working at the time the Tao-Yang
study was submitted for publication.
They wrote that it was “more appropriate” to rank universities that way and cited a single journal
article to support that argument.
In fact, the article they referenced said the method they had chosen tends to distort rankings.
“Some institutions,” wrote Michael Jay Polonsky, a marketing professor at Deakin University in
Australia, “have ‘bought’ high profile academics (sometimes even for short periods) through
paying high salaries to work for the institution and raise its ranking.”
Between the journal selection and the counting method Yang and Tao used, UMKC came out on
top, followed by MIT and Michigan State University.
How would UMKC have done if the study had used the traditional counting method — assigning
credit for researchers’ work to the institution where they were employed at the time their papers
were published?
Readers were left to guess. But in an email sent to Arend and obtained by The Star, Yang
acknowledged that UMKC wouldn’t have made the top 10.
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“However, as space is limited,” Yang wrote, “we cut these pages from this research.”
The benefactor
Henry Bloch didn’t know how the Bloch School’s rankings were achieved, who had written the
JPIM paper or the other details behind it.
But he was happy that his business school was finally No. 1 in at least one niche.
Bloch had once hired a New York public relations man to get top rankings for the school, but he
got nothing for the $50,000 fee.
“The end of the year he said, ‘We are resigning the account. We can’t do it,’” Bloch told The
Star. “It is more difficult to get rankings than he thought it was.
“You just can’t buy ’em, you have to earn them.”
That rang true with Bloch, who with his brother Richard turned H&R Block into a global
phenomenon in the last half of the 20th century.
They took no shortcuts, but as Henry Bloch neared his 90th birthday, he was growing impatient
at how long it was taking the school that bore his name to gain national prominence.
Since the initial endowment in the mid-1980s, he’d given the Bloch School millions. He was
willing to keep writing checks, but he wanted progress in the rankings as proof that he was
making a wise investment.
“He wanted accountability, which any donor would want,” said Guy Bailey, former UMKC
chancellor.
UMKC officials responded by keeping Bloch updated on the school’s progress with emails and
personal visits. Occasionally, Tan would send small gifts. A box of apples for Henry Bloch.
Salmon from Seattle for son Tom Bloch.
To the school’s students, Tan held up Bloch as someone to model themselves after, producing a
one-hour documentary film tribute titled “No Shortcuts: The Entrepreneurial Life of Henry
Bloch.”
“I am forever grateful to your dad, yourself and your family’s generosity and support for the
Bloch School,” Tan wrote to Tom Bloch the week before the $32 million gift was announced. “I
know we are attracting higher quality students to come study at the Bloch School each year as
our ranking continues to excel.”
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Henry Bloch told The Star that he had repeatedly turned down university officials’ pleas to pay
for a new building at the business school. He said no even after officials talked about how
enrollment was growing and UMKC needed more space.
Eventually it was that argument that convinced him. But without rankings, he told The Star, he
doubts he would have given UMKC the millions for the new Bloch School building that opened
last fall.
“No, I don’t think I would have,” Bloch said.
The skeptics
Soon after the Big Bang celebration in December 2011, Arend began acting on his hunch that the
No. 1 ranking was fabricated.
Arend, a professor of strategy and entrepreneurship, had grown suspicious of Song’s approach to
rankings. He’d sat in meetings where Song suggested ways to boost the school’s Princeton
Review rankings that Arend thought stretched the truth.
After dissecting the JPIM paper and finding what he thought were irregularities with the journal
selections and counting methods, Arend began sending a torrent of emails to the paper’s authors,
the journal’s editors, its publisher and outside experts. He peppered them with questions and
turned up what he thought was some damning information.
From DiBenedetto, who edited both ranking papers, he learned that the Chinese scholars didn’t
disclose their affiliation with UMKC when they submitted their paper for publication.
According to emails obtained by The Star, DiBenedetto didn’t see that as a problem, as long as
the methodology used was objective, and he said he assumed it was.
As it turned out, DiBenedetto also came out well in the study. He ranked No. 6 worldwide and
his university, Temple, was 11th.
From Yang, Arend learned in an email dated May 6, 2012, that DiBenedetto wasn’t the only one
who reviewed the paper before its publication. Song had too.
But the bigger revelation from his correspondence with Yang, Arend thought, was her admission
that UMKC wouldn’t have made the top 10 had the standard counting method been used.
As Arend pressed for answers, Yang pleaded with Song to intervene.
In a June 27, 2012, email to Morton, Tan and others, Song quoted Yang:
“I have received some very strange communications from your faculty, Richard Arend. At the
beginning, I thought that he was interested in learning from our article. … However, he has
escalated recently in harassing me with a lot of accusation which caused me significant stress in
my life.”
A-10
Song told them that he, too, was concerned about Arend’s persistence.
“As you will see from the email exchanges,” Song wrote, “Dr. Arend’s actions have important
ramifications, and could result in potential damage to the Bloch School, UMKC, and Kansas
City communities.”
Specifically, Song said, Arend was out to damage “my reputation and that of UMKC as the
world’s top innovation management university.”
That more or less is UMKC’s official stance when it comes to Arend, who has tenure and,
therefore, a good deal of job protection.
“This person has been ‘shopping’ his complaints broadly for years within the academic realm,”
according to a statement from the university, “and has been rebuffed at every turn.”
Contrary to UMKC’s assertions that his campaign grew out of a grudge against Song for fighting
his promotion, Arend said he started complaining about the ranking before he was up for a full
professorship.
Not embarrassed
To evaluate his concerns, The Star sought out independent experts, made them aware of the key
circumstances behind the paper’s publication and asked for their analysis.
Two editors of academic business journals and Oransky, the co-founder and curator of
RetractionWatch.com, reviewed the paper.
All agreed that the choice of journals used to count articles and the ranking method were curious.
All commented critically on the co-authors’ undisclosed affiliation with Song and UMKC.
“If it indeed produces different results,” said Ray Bagby, editor of the journal Entrepreneurship
Theory and Practice, then that “is suspicious.”
Oransky, Bagby and Ben Martin, the editor of the journal Research Policy, said the appearance
of a potential conflict of interest should have at least been disclosed so that readers could judge
for themselves whether the paper was biased.
“A good test in such cases,” Martin said, “is, would the authors now feel embarrassed if the
previously undeclared interest were made public?”
UMKC says it is not embarrassed. Disclosure policies vary widely from one journal to the next,
said university spokesman John Martellaro. What’s most important, he said, is that the data can
stand on its own when scrutinized by fellow scholars.
“The universal standard is still blind review,” Martellaro said. “The editors and peer reviewers
do not know the identity of the authors when they review the work, in order to keep
personalities, relationships, etc., from influencing their conclusions.”
A-11
The paper ranking UMKC No. 1 was not peer reviewed ahead of publication.
However, JPIM’s publisher did assemble what it called an “independent peer review board” after
questions about the article arose.
That board was untroubled by the authors’ undisclosed affiliation with the university. All three
of its unnamed members said the paper could have been improved, but they would have
published it.
Further, all agreed that the data collected involved a certain amount of subjectivity. But as one
reviewer said, that’s always the case with rankings articles “and therefore they will always be
subject to criticism.”
The potential for manipulating results is why several journal editors contacted by The Star said
they refuse to publish rankings papers.
“Our journal is not involved in that and will not get involved in that,” said Richard Bettis, a coeditor at Strategic Management Journal.
Others say the culture of self promotion within academia has colleges always on the lookout for
rankings and studies that put them in the best light. Sometimes they stretch the limits.
“People come up with new and different ways to ‘count’ publications and their own schools
often come out quite well,” said Angelo DeNisi, former editor of the Academy of Management
Journal.
The methods and relationships that allowed UMKC to come out well in the JPIM article do not
trouble Dave Donnelly, who succeeded Tan as dean.
“That is what everybody does,” he said.
These days he is talking less about entrepreneurship and innovation and more about the Bloch
School’s other business disciplines.
“The JPIM ranking has put us as the top program in innovation, but after a few years you’ve got
to move on,” Donnelly said. “That is why we talk now about finance, executive education, and
we continue to talk about the new things we are doing.”
After hearing The Star’s findings last week, Henry Bloch said in a written statement that the
school’s leadership “continues to have my full confidence and support.”
He also wrote that he had invested in the school because of its growing enrollment and “acrossthe-board great performance.”
As for the two men who came to UMKC with a mission to raise the entrepreneurial profile of the
Bloch School, neither holds an administrative post today.
A-12
As soon as Donnelly’s status changed from acting to permanent dean in March, he said, he told
Song that he would need to step away from his position as director of IEI.
Between some family health issues and his consulting work, Song no longer had the time
Donnelly thought was needed to run the institute.
Now, after Song pulls into his reserved space outside the new Bloch Executive Hall for
Entrepreneurship and Innovation, where he once commanded a spacious office, he treks to a
small one next door in Oxford Hall. This fall, he’s scheduled to teach two classes.
As for Tan, he remains a member of the faculty. But because of his health concerns, it’s unclear
whether he will teach at the Bloch School again.
Under Tan, Bloch School enrollment did not double, but it did go up 25 percent to 1,925
undergraduate and graduate students. Since his arrival, the school has amassed $48 million in
gifts, pledges and planned donations.
For his achievements, a plaque in the atrium of the Bloch School’s new building bears his name.
On his watch, it reads, the school accomplished many things. Among them, “international
recognition.”
To reach Mike Hendricks, call 816-234-4738 or send email to [email protected].
To reach Mará Rose Williams, call 816-234-4419 or send email to [email protected].
A-13
APPENDIX B Curriculum Vitae, Robert D. Hisrich, Ph.D. ROBERT D. HISRICH
OFFICE
Professor Emeritus
Former Garvin Professor of Global Entrepreneurship
Former Director, Walker Center for Global
Entrepreneurship
Thunderbird School of Global Management
1 Global Place
Glendale, AZ 85306-6000
Email: [email protected]
EDUCATION and HONORARY DEGREES
DATE
INSTITUTION
University of Cincinnati
1971
SUBJECT
Ph.D.
Business Administration
(Major in Marketing;
Minors in Finance and
Quantitative Methods)
University of Cincinnati
1969
MBA
Marketing
DePauw University
1966
BA
English and Science
HONORARY DEGREES AND AWARDS
INSTITUTION
YEAR
Doctor Honoris Causa
Chuvash State University (Russia)
1995
Doctor Honoris Causa
University of Miskolc (Hungary)
1996
Member of the FacultyVisiting Professor
University of Ljubljana (Slovenia)
2000-present
Member of the FacultyVisiting Professor
The Technical University of Vienna
(Austria)
2001-present
Member of the FacultyVisiting Professor
Donau University (Austria)
2002-present
Member of the FacultyVisiting Professor
Queensland University of Technology
(Australia)
2002-2008
Honorary Professor
Jilin University (China)
2005-present
Visiting Professor
Zhejiang University (China)
2005-2007
B-1
DEGREE
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
Present
Professor Emeritus, Consultant and Author
Summer 2005
Garvin Professor of Global Entrepreneurship and Director, Walker Center for
to December 31, 2014 Global Entrepreneurship, Thunderbird School of Global Management
Fall 1993 - 2005
Malachi Mixon III Chair in Entrepreneurial Studies and Professor, Weatherhead
School of Management, Chair – Strategy Division 1996-present and Chair –
Entrepreneurship Division 1997-present, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, Ohio; Director, H&B Associates, marketing and management
consulting firm.
1985 - 1993
Bovaird Chair of Entrepreneurial Studies and Private Enterprise and Professor of
Marketing, College of Business Administration, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK;
Director, H&B Associates, a marketing and management consulting firm;
Director of the Enterprise Development Center.
Spring 1992
Visiting Professor of Entrepreneurship Studies, University of Limerick, Ireland.
1990 – 1991
Fulbright Professor, Holder of the Alexander Hamilton Chair in
Entrepreneurship at the Foundation for Small Enterprise Economic Development
(SEED), Budapest, Hungary.
Spring 1989
Fulbright Professor, International Management Center, Budapest, Hungary.
Summer 1985,
1983 and 1982
Visiting Professor of Marketing, Graduate School of Business Administration,
University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico.
Fall 1984
Visiting Professor of Marketing, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland. Faculty
Associate Marketing Center, Innovation Center and Shannon Development
Authority.
1981-1984
Associate Professor of Marketing, Graduate School of Management, Boston
College, Chestnut Hill, MA; Adjunct Professor of Marketing and Technology,
Innovation Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.
Faculty Associate Small Business Development Center; Director, Small Business
Institute; Director, H&B Associates, a marketing and management-consulting firm.
1980-1981
Visiting Associate Professor of Marketing and Technology, Innovation Center,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA; Director, H&B Associates,
a marketing and management-consulting firm.
1974-1980
Associate Professor of Marketing, Graduate School of Management, Boston
College, Chestnut Hill, MA; Director, Small Business Institute; Director, H&B
Associates, a marketing and management consulting firm.
1970-1974
Assistant Professor of Marketing, Graduate School of Management, Boston
College, Chestnut Hill, MA; Management and Marketing Consultant.
1969-1971
Lecturer in Finance, Marketing and Business Writing, University of Cincinnati,
Cincinnati, OH; Marketing Consultant.
B-2
1968
Ford Motor Company (Lincoln-Mercury Division), Dearborn, MI; Coordinating
and directing activities in the areas of: new car warranties through cost benefit
analysis; dealer's service and service writers programs; and corporate technician
manpower and training programs. Resulted in the company significantly altering
its policies and providing substantial dealer support in terms of technical
manpower and training programs. Involved in the introductory marketing
program for the Cougar.
1966-1967
Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH; Performing field sales to wholesale and
retail accounts in the case food division. Resulted in both sales and use of
company promotion devices being tripled. Assistant brand manager - Duncan
Hines Cake Mix.
RESEARCH AND CONSULTING PROJECTS
Bank, hospital and retail attitude and positioning studies.
Consumer and industrial manufacturer preference studies of advertising and advertising agencies.
Consumer awareness of various service functions.
Consumer and intermediate customer reaction studies of various advertising and promotional
campaigns, packages, products and prices.
Consumer preference studies.
Consumer tracking studies.
Cost/benefit analysis of marketing activities.
Demand determination via market segmentation for proposed product and services.
Development and implementation of entrepreneurship.
Development and implementation of marketing and overall business plans.
Distribution studies on consumer and industrial goods.
Implementation of various marketing activities.
International market and distribution studies.
Location feasibility studies for shopping centers, industrial parks, multiple family dwelling units,
and wholesale and retail outlets.
Market studies for consumer and industrial products and services.
Mathematical modeling for new products, distribution methods, and promotional expenditures.
Sampling and experimental design for consumer preference studies of various new products,
promotions, packages, prices, and services.
SELECTED CLIENTS
Alcoa Corporation
American Greetings Corporation
BP Petroleum
Citicorp
Corning Glass
Digital Equipment
Hillenbrand Industries
Kroger
Ohio Cast Products
St. Elizabeth’s Hospital
Toro Corporation
Zebco
American Cable Systems
American Optical
Boston Five
Conoco
Data General
Harrington Memorial Hospital
Kendall
L.F.E.
Perkin-Elmer
South Shore Bank
Westinghouse
B-3
ACTIVITIES AND AWARDS
Member of Beta Gamma Sigma
Member of Academy of Management
Member of American Marketing Association
Member of American Institute for Decision Sciences
Member of Product Management Association
Member of Outstanding Educators of America, 1975
Member of Who's Who in the East, 1977
Member of Who's Who among Writers, 1984
Member - Faculty Salary and Benefits Committee
Member - Athletic Promotion Advisory Board
Member - Hillcrest Associates
Chairman - Board of Deacons and Bethel Teacher Trainer, Hopkinton Congregational Church
Advisor - Campus Crusade
Advisor - Student Management Consultants and Student Agency
Principal Investigator - $60,000 University Affiliate Program Grant in Ireland - United States Information
Agency (USIA), 1985 - 1989
Principal Investigator, $20,000 General Electric Foundation Grant, 1990 - 1991
Principal Investigator, $190,000 USIA Grant in Hungary, 1991 - 1993
Principal Investigator, $405,000 Mellon Foundation Grant in Hungary, 1993-1996
Principal Investigator, $375,000 USIA Grant in Russia, 1993-1994
Principal Investigator, $69,650 Eurasia Foundation Grant in Russia, 1993-1995
Principal Investigator, $5,000 Occidental Gas and Petroleum Foundation Grant in Russia, 1993-1995
Principal Investigator, $429,000 Mellon Foundation Grant in Hungary, 1995-1999
Principal Investigator, $154,099 Eurasia Foundation Grant for Training in the Chuvash Republic, 19941995
Principal Investigator, $25,000 American Economic Foundation Grant for Training in the Chuvash
Republic, 1994-1995
Principal Investigator, $50,000 Coca-Cola Foundation Grant for Developing the Coke Fellows Program
in Russia, 1996-1997
Principal Investigator, $75,000 Coca-Cola Foundation Grant for Continuing the Coke Fellows Program in
Russia and Hungary, 1998-1999
Principal Investigator, $50,000 Coca-Cola Foundation Grant for Continuing the Coke Fellows Program in
Russia and Hungary, 1999-2000
Co-Principal Investigator, $22,500 Coleman Foundation Grant 2000-2001
Co-Principal Investigator, $22,500 NCIA Foundation Grant 2000-2001
Co-Principal Investigator, $600,000 NSF Grant 2002-2004
Principal Investigator, $42,000 Kauffman Foundation Grant for Developing Bioscience Entrepreneurship
Program 2003-2004
Associate Director - Case Western Reserve University’s Science Entrepreneurship Program
Senior Research Fellow - IC2 Institute, University of Texas
Recipient - The Weatherhead School of Management Research Recognition Award - 1995-1996
Fulbright Professor - International Management Center (IMC) - Budapest, Hungary
Fulbright Professor (Holder of Alexander Hamilton Chair in Entrepreneurship) - Foundation for Small
Enterprise Economic Development (SEED) - Budapest, Hungary
Director - Small Business Institute
Director - Small Business Development Center
Director - Venture Capital Exchange
Board of Elders - Kirk of the Hills Church
B-4
Board of Visitors - DePauw University
Associate Editor - Managing Global Transitions
Editor - MDPI
Editorial Board - Ekonomicheskie Srategii
Editorial Board - Journal of Business Venturing
Editorial Board - Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development
Editorial Board - Entrepreneurship, Theory and Practice
Editorial Board - Journal of Small Business Management
Editorial Board - Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship
Editorial Board - Human Resource Development International Journal
Editorial Board - International Journal of Organizational Learning and Change
Board of Directors - Oklahoma Private Enterprise Forum
Board of Directors - Geodyne Resources, Inc.
Board of Directors - Xeta Technology, Inc.
Board of Directors - Regional Family YMCA
Board of Directors - Midwest Energy Companies, Inc.
Board of Directors - Enterprise Development, Inc.
Board of Directors - Dumas Markt H.K.
Board of Directors - Tulsa Innovation Center
Board of Directors - Noteworthy Medical Systems, Inc.
Board of Directors - International Marketing and Research, Inc.
Board of Directors - The Bovaird Supply Company
Board of Directors - Jameson Inn, Inc.
Board of Directors - Cascia Hall Preparatory School
Board of Trustees - Barrington College
Board of Trustees - Gordon College
Board of Trustees – Tiffin University
BOOKS
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1978). Marketing a New Product: Its Planning, Development,
and Management (Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin Cummings Publishing Co.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Bronstein, Eugene (1983). The MBA Career: Moving on the Fast Track to
Success (New York: Barron's Educational Series, Inc.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1984). Marketing Decisions for New and Mature Products
(Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill, Inc.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (1986). The Woman Entrepreneur: Starting, Financing, and
Managing a Successful New Business (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, Inc.).
Hisrich, Robert D. (ed.) (1986). Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, and Venture Capital: The
Foundations of Economic Renaissance (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, Inc.).
Hisrich, R o b e r t D . and Peters, Michael P. (1989). Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and
Managing a New Enterprise (Homewood: B.P.I./Irwin).
B-5
Hisrich, Robert D. (1989). Marketing: A Practical, Managerial Approach (New York: Barron's
Educational Series, Inc.). This book has translated versions in Hungarian, Turkish, Russian and Chinese.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Pearson, John W. (1990). Marketing Your Ministry (Brentwood, TN: Wolgemuth
and Hyatt, Publishers, Inc.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters Michael P. (1991). Marketing Decisions for New and Mature Products, 2nd
Edition (Columbus, OH: Charles E. Merrill, Inc.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1991). On Your Own: How to Start, Develop and Manage a
New Business (Business One Irwin: Homewood, IL).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1992). Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and
Managing a New Enterprise, 2nd Edition (Homewood: BPI/Irwin).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jackson, Ralph W. (1993). Selling and Sales Management (New York: Barron's
Educational Series, Inc.). This book has been translated into Russian.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1995). Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and
Managing a New Enterprise, 3rd Edition (Homewood: Irwin Publishing Co.).
Jackson, Ralph W. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1996). Sales and Sales Management (Englewood Cliffs, NJ:
Prentice Hall).
Hisrich, Robert D., McDougall, Patricia and Oviatt, Benjamin (eds) (1997). Cases in International
Entrepreneurship (Homewood, IL: Irwin Publishing Co.).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1998). Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and
Managing a New Enterprise, 4th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin/McGraw-Hill Publishing Company).
Häckner, Einar and Hisrich, Robert D. (eds) (2000). Proceedings Entrepreneurial Finance Workshop
(Jonkoping, Sweden; Jonkoping International Business School).
Hisrich, Robert D. (2000). Marketing, 2nd Edition (Hauppauge, NY: Barrons). This book has translated
versions in Arabic, French, Hungarian, Polish and Russian.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (2001). Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and
Managing a New Enterprise, 5th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: Irwin/McGraw-Hill Publishing Company). This
book has translated versions in Arabic, Chinese, French, Hungarian, Polish, Russian and Slovenian.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2004)). How to Fix and Prevent the 13 Biggest Problems that Derail Small Business
(New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Publishing Company). This book has a translated version in Chinese.
Hisrich, Robert D. Peters, Michael P. and Shepherd, Dean A. (2005). Entrepreneurship: Starting,
Developing, and Managing a New Enterprise, 6th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company). This book has translated versions in Arabic, Chinese, French, Hungarian, Polish, Portuguese,
Russian and Slovenian.
Jackson, Ralph W., Hisrich, Robert D. and Newell, Stephen J. (2006). Sales and Sales Management
(Cleveland: Northcoast Publishing).
B-6
Hisrich, Robert D., Peters, Michael P. and Shepherd, Dean A. (2007). Entrepreneurship: Starting,
Developing, and Managing a New Enterprise, 7th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company). This book has translated versions in Arabic, Chinese, French, Hungarian, Indonesian, Iranian,
Polish, Portuguese, Russian and Slovenian.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2010). International Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and Managing a
Global Venture (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing Inc.).
Duening, Thomas N., Hisrich, Robert, D. and Lechter, Michael A. (2010). Technology Entrepreneurship:
Value Creation, Protection, and Capture (Burlington, MA: Elsevier Publishing Co.).
Hisrich, Robert D., Peters, Michael P. and Shepherd, Dean A. (2010). Entrepreneurship: Starting,
Developing, and Managing a New Enterprise, 8th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company). This book has translated versions in Arabic, Chinese, French, Hungarian, Indonesian, Iranian,
Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian and Slovenian.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Kearney, Claudine. (2012) Corporate Entrepreneurship (New York: McGrawHill Publishing Company).
Hisrich, Robert D. (2013). International Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and Managing a
Global Venture, 2nd Edition (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing Co.).
Hisrich, Robert D., Peters, Michael P. and Shepherd, Dean A. (2013). Entrepreneurship: Starting,
Developing, and Managing a New Enterprise, 9th Edition (Burr Ridge, IL: McGraw-Hill Publishing
Company). This book has translated versions in Arabic, Chinese, Farsi, French, Hungarian, Indonesian,
Iranian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian and Slovenian.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Al-Dabbagh, Amr A. (2013). Governpreneurship: Establishing a Thriving
Entrepreneurial Spirit in Your Government (Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Company).
Hisrich, Robert D. and Kearney, Claudine (2014). Effectively Managing Innovation and
Entrepreneurship (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing Co.).
Ruzzier, Maja Konečnik, Ruzzier, Mitja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Marketing for Entrepreneurs and
SMEs: An International Approach (Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Company).
Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Advanced Introduction to Entrepreneurship (Northampton MA: Edward Elgar
Publishing Company).
Gibbons, Gary, Hisrich, Robert D. and DaSilva, Carlos (2015). Entrepreneurial Finance: A Global
Perspective (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing Co.).
Hisrich, Robert D. (2015). International Entrepreneurship: Starting, Developing, and Managing a
Global Venture, 3rd Edition (Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publishing Co.).
Duening, Thomas N., Hisrich, Robert, D. and Lechter, Michael A. (2015). Technology Entrepreneurship:
Value Creation, Protection, and Capture, 2nd Edition (Burlington, MA: Elsevier Publishing Co.).
B-7
Bullough, Amanda and Hisrich, Robert D. (2015). Global Social Entrepreneurship: The Entrepreneur’s
Role in Sustainable Economic and Societal Development.
WRITINGS AND OTHER WORKS
Hisrich, Robert D., Dornoff, Ronald J. and Kernan, Jerome B. (November 1972). Perceived Risk in Store
Selection, Journal of Marketing Research, 9, 435-439.
Hisrich, Robert D. (March 1973). Risk Style in the Consumer Decision Process, Proceedings, American
Institute for Decision Sciences, 118-120.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (May 1973). Store Preference as a Reflection of SelfConfidence, Proceedings, American Institute for Decision Sciences, 370-375.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (May 1974). The Gamma Coefficient: An Application in
Consumer Research, Proceedings, American Institute for Decision Sciences, 67-71.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (July 1974). Selecting the Superior Segmentation Correlate,
Journal of Marketing, 38, 60-63.
Hisrich, Robert D. (March 1976). Mariner Venus/Mercury '73. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics
and Space Administration.
Hisrich, Robert D. (May 1976). National WIN Audit, U.S. Department of Labor Audit.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Rotfeld, Herbert J. (April 1979). Comparison Advertising: Preliminary Findings
on Practitioners' Perspectives, Proceedings, Annual Conference, American Association of Advertising,
150-154.
Hisrich, Robert D. (November 1979). Research and Information Needs and Activities: The Key to Sound
Development and Planning for New England Businesses - Some Preliminary Findings, Proceedings, New
England Business and Economic Conference, 132-143.
Hisrich, Robert D. (November 1980). Real-World Student Class Projects, Proceedings, American
Institute for Decision Sciences, 110-113.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (November 1980). Location and Expansion: Executive Views
and Practices as Applied to the New England Area, Proceedings, New England Business and Economic
Conference, 27-28.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Brien, Marie (March 1981) The Problems and Needs of the Woman
Entrepreneur, Proceedings, Setting the Research Agenda, 79-90.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jansson, David G. (June 1981). Entrepreneurship in Puerto Rico, Proceedings,
1981 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 158-178.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Brien, Marie (June 1981). The Woman Entrepreneur, Proceedings, 1981
Conference on Entrepreneurship, 21-39.
B-8
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (November 1981). Comparison of Perceived Needs of Hospital
Market Segments in Health Care Delivery Systems, Proceedings, American Institute for Decision
Sciences, 150-153.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (November 1981). Marketing Communication of Small
Business in New England, Proceedings, New England Business and Economic Conference, 52.
Hisrich, Robert D., Peters, Michael P. and Weinstein, Arnold K. (Winter 1981). East-West Trade: The
View from the United States, Journal of International Business Studies, 109-121.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1981). Inventors and the Invention Process, Washington, DC: National Bureau of
Standards.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Brien, Marie (June 1982). The Woman Entrepreneur as a Reflection of the
Type of Business, Proceedings, 1982 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 54-67.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (Summer 1982). Comparison of Perceived Hospital Affiliation
and Selection Criteria by Primary Market Segments, Journal of Health Care Marketing, 24-30.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (July-August 1982). Focus Groups: A Useful Technique to
Improve a Hospital's Marketing Strategy and Service Area Penetration, Hospital and Health Services
Administration, 8-19.
Hisrich, Robert D., Kransnkevich, John and Peters, Michael P. (Winter 1982). Effectively Managing
Consumer Credit through Computer Graphics, Journal of Bank Research, 304-308
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G., (June 1983). The Woman Entrepreneur: Implications of
Family, Education, and Occupational Experience, Proceedings, 1983 Conference on Entrepreneurship,
255-270.
Hisrich, Robert D. (February 1983). Women are Minding Their Own Business, Boston College Biweekly,
8.
Hisrich, Robert D. (May-June 1983). Women Entrepreneurs in Puerto Rico, Commercio Y Production,
42-46.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Fall 1983). Response Quality of Consumer Mail Panels: An Exploratory
Investigation, Akron Business and Economic Review, 14, 20-24.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Fall 1983). Executive Advertisers' Views of Comparison Advertising, Sloan
Management Review, 25, 39-50.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (Winter 1983). East-West Trade: An Assessment by U.S.
Manufacturers, Columbia Journal of World Business, 4, 44-50.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1984). The Boston Bolts in Victor P. Buell, Marketing
Management (NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company), 663-665.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1984). The Gril-Kleen Corp in Victor P. Buell, Marketing
Management (NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company), 626-632.
B-9
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (January 1984). The Woman Entrepreneur: Management Skills
and Business Problems, Journal of Small Business Management, 30-37.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Winter 1984). Attracting Recruiting Firms to Campus – and Keeping Them, Journal
of College Placement, 53-55.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (April 1984). Internal Venturing in Large Corporations: The
New Business Venture Unit, Proceedings, 1984 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 321-346.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (October 12, 1984). Coupon Mania Presents Opportunities and
Problems for Manufacturers, Users, Marketing News, 34-35.
Hisrich, Robert D. (November-December 1984). Cost Competition Consumer Keys to Pricing a Campus
Program, Journal of Christian Camping, 6-9.
Hisrich, Robert D. (December 1984). The Woman Entrepreneur in the United States and Puerto Rico,
Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 3-9.
Nielsen, Richard P., Peters, Michael P. and Hisrich, Robert D. (April/June 1985). Intrapreneurship
Strategy for Internal Markets - Corporate, Non-Profit, and Government Institution Cases, Strategic
Management Journal, 6, 181-189.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1984-1985). The Woman Entrepreneur: Minding Her Own Business, Annual, 52-58.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (April 1985). Women and Minority Entrepreneurs: A
Comparative Analysis, Proceedings, 1985 Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 566-587.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (Spring 1985). Financial Intermediaries: Their Views and Role
in East - West Trade, Columbia Journal of World Business, 1, 15-22.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Dalton, James (August 1985). Marketing Research Activities by Firms in Ireland
and the U.S., Proceedings, Second World Marketing Conference, 1, 673-681.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (November 1985). Increasing Consumer Price Awareness:
Implication for Retail Management and Public Policy, Proceedings, 1985 Southern Marketing
Association, 115-118.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Winter 1985/86). The Inventor: A Potential Source for New Products, The Mid
Atlantic Journal of Business, 24, 67-80.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1986). The Woman Entrepreneur: Characteristics, Skills, Problems, and Prescriptions
for Success, in The Art and Science of Entrepreneurship, (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Co.),
61-84.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1986). The Entrepreneur and the Angel, Tulsa Business Properties, First Quarter,
18-20.
Bowen, Donald D. and Hisrich, Robert D. (April 1986). The Female Entrepreneur: A Career
Development Perspective, Academy of Management Review, 11, 393-407.
B-10
Hisrich, Robert D. (1986). Entrepreneurship and Intrapreneurship: Methods for Creating New Companies
and Impacting the Economic Renaissance of An Area in Entrepreneurship, Intrapreneurship, and
Venture Capital: The Foundation of Economic Renaissance, (Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, Inc.),
71-104.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Spring 1986). The Woman Entrepreneur in Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland,
Puerto Rico, and the United States, Leadership and Organizational Development Journal, 7, 8-16.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (April 1986). The Irish Entrepreneur: Characteristics,
Problems, and Future Success, Proceedings, 1986 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 66-81.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (Fall 1986). Establishing a New Business Venture Unit within
a Firm, Journal of Business Venturing, 1(3), 307-322.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (October 1986). Evaluating Consumer Response to a New
Service Offering by a Financial Institution, Proceedings, 1986 Atlantic Marketing Association, 51-59.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (October 1986). Characteristics of the Minority Entrepreneur,
Journal of Small Business Management, 1-8.
Cooper, Philip D. and Hisrich, Robert D. (March 1987). Marketing Research for Health Services:
Understanding and Applying Various Techniques, Journal of Health Care Marketing, 7, 54-60.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (April 1987). Women Entrepreneurs: A Longitudinal Study,
Proceedings, 1987 Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 187-199.
Jankowicz, A.D. and Hisrich, Robert D. (July 1987). Intuition in Small Business Lending Decisions,
Journal of Small Business Management, 45-52.
Hisrich, Robert D., Holt, David H., Brockhaus, Robert B. and Carsrud, Alan L. (June 1987),
Entrepreneurship Research and Global Issues for New Ventures: An International Symposium,
Proceedings, International Conference Eastern Academy of Management, 52-56.
Hisrich, Robert D. (July-August, 1987). Research Sets Marketing Direction, Journal of Christian
Camping, 6-9.
Hisrich, Robert D. (September-October 1987). How to Conduct a Focus Group, Journal of Christian
Camping, 16-18.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1988). Developing New Industries Through New and Established Small Businesses,
Chapter 14 in Cooperation and Competition in the Global Economy: Issues and Strategies (New York:
Ballinger Publishing Company), 197-210.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Brush, Candida G. (1988). Women Entrepreneurs: Problems and Opportunities,
Chapter 12 in Women's Careers: Pathways and Pitfalls, (New York: Praeger Publishing Co.), 193-208.
Hisrich, Robert D. (January 1988). Factors Affecting the Development and Marketing of High
Technology Products, Proceedings, Managing the High Technology Firm Conference, 267-271.
B-11
Hisrich, Robert D. (July 1988). The Entrepreneur in Northern Ireland: Characteristics, Problems, and
Recommendations for the Future, Journal of Small Business Management, 26(3), 32-39.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1988). A University/Foundation/Public/Private Sector Joint Venture for Transferring
Technology and Developing New Companies, Chapter 7 in Federal Lab Technology Transfer: Issues and
Policies (New York: Praeger Publishers), 57-87.
Hisrich, Robert D. (November 1988). New Business Formation through the Enterprise Development
Center: A Model for New Venture Creation, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 35, 221231.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jankowicz, A.D. (May 1988). Intuition in Venture Capital Decisions,
Proceedings, 1988 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 343-344.
Brush, Candida G. and Hisrich, Robert D. (May 1988). Women Entrepreneurs: Strategic Origins Impact
on Growth, Proceedings, 1988 Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 612-625.
Hisrich Robert D. (October 1988). Entrepreneurship: Past, Present, and Future, Journal of Small Business
Management, 26(4), 1-4.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1988). Marketing and Entrepreneurship Research Interface, Research at the
Marketing/Entrepreneurship Interface, (Chicago: Proceedings of the UIC Symposium on Marketing and
Entrepreneurship), 3-18.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Smilor, Raymond W. (Fall 1988). The University and Business Incubation:
Technology Transfer through Entrepreneurial Development, Journal of Technology Transfer, 43, 14-19.
Fried, Vance B. and Hisrich, Robert D. (December 1988). Venture Capital Research: Past, Present, and
Future, Journal of Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 13(1), 15-28.
Hisrich, Robert D. (January 20, 1989). Financial Strategies for the Entrepreneur, The Tulsa Tribune, 1-3.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1989). Starting Up and Staying Alive, Metropolitan Tulsa Chamber of Commerce
Business Guide, 6-7.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (Spring 1989). Views of Trade Activity with USSR and
Peoples Republic of China by U.S. Manufacturers, Journal of Global Marketing, 2(2), 53-75.
Hisrich, Robert D. (March 1989). Starting and Managing a New Business Incubator, Proceedings,
Commercializing Science and Technology Conference, Beijing, China, 61-76.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (April 1989). The Entrepreneur and the Angel: An Exploratory
Cross Cultural Study, Proceedings, 1989 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 530-531.
Fried, Vance B. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1989). Venture Capital from the Investor’s Perspective, 1989
Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 258-273.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jankowicz, A.D. (Spring 1989). Subject Judgment in Commercial Lending,
Banking Ireland, 1(2), 21-22.
B-12
Hisrich, Robert D. (July 15, 1989). Hungarian Visitor Reports: Freedom Movement is Real, World, 4,
6-8.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1989) Women Entrepreneurs: Problems and Prescriptions for Success in the Future,
Chapter 1 in Women-Owned Businesses (New York: Praeger Press), 3-32.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1989). Towards a Contingency Theory of Product/Service Development in
New/Growing Firms, in Research at the Marketing/Entrepreneurship Interface (Chicago: University of
Illinois Press), 331-345.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jankowicz, A.D. (January 1990). Intuition in Venture Capital Decisions: An
Exploratory Study Using a New Technique, Journal of Business Venturing, 5(1), 49-62.
Hisrich, Robert D. (February 1990). Entrepreneurship/Intrapreneurship, American Psychologist, 45(2),
209-222.
Hisrich, Robert D., Vecsenyi, Janos and Gross, Andrew (September 1990). Using Research in Evaluating
Joint Venture Activity, Proceedings, The 43rd E.S.O.M.A.R. Marketing Research Congress, Monte Carlo,
France, 1-28.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Vecsenyi, Janos (1990). Entrepreneurship and the Hungarian Economic
Transformation, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 5(5), 11-16.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1990). Institutional Developments in Hungary, Washington: United States
Information Agency Article, 1-15.
Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1991). Venture Capital Firms: Commonalties and Differences,
Management Research News, 14(3), 17-33.
Hisrich, Robert D., Brennan, John F. and O'Cinneide, Barra (April 1990). Strategic Options for Corporate
Entrepreneurship Concerned with ‘Post-1992’ Europe: A Comparative Study of Entrepreneurial
Perspectives Among U.S. and Irish Based Corporations, Proceedings, 1990 Conference on
Entrepreneurship, 558-560.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Vecsenyi, Janos (April 1990). Entrepreneurship in the Hungarian Economy,
Proceedings, 1990 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 492-503.
Brush, Candida G. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1991). Antecedent Influences on Women-Owned Business,
Journal of Managerial Psychology, 6(2), 9-16.
`
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fan, Zhang (1991). Women Entrepreneurs in the Peoples Republic of China: An
Exploratory Study, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 6(1), 3-12.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1991) Marketing Strategies that Work in Business Incubator Marketing Strategies,
(Athens, Ohio: National Incubator Association), 1-5.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (May 1991). Analysis of Emergent Entrepreneurship Trends in
Eastern Europe: A Public Policy Perspective, Proceedings, 1991 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 594596.
B-13
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (June 1991). The Role and Importance of Entrepreneurship in
Eastern Europe, Proceedings, ICSB 36th World Conference, 1-15.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (November 1991). Campus Facilitation of the Venturing
Process, Proceedings, Rent V Research in Entrepreneurship, 1-10.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Jones, Jan (1992). U.S./Hungarian Joint Ventures: An Opportunity for Entering
New Markets, Journal of Global Marketing, 5(3), 89-108.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1992). Joint Ventures: Research Base and Use in International Markets, Chapter 20
in The State of the Art of Entrepreneurship, (Boston: PWS-Kent Publishing Company), 520-559.
Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1992). Venture Capital and the Investor, Management Research
News, 15(4), 28-39.
Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (June 1992). The Role of the Venture Capitalist in the
Management of Entrepreneurial Enterprises, Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship,
1(1), 75-96.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O'Cinneide, Barra (June 1992). Research Trends in Entrepreneurship: the
Potential in Expanding Europe and Transatlantic Perspectives, Proceedings, 7th Nordic Conference on
Small Business Research, Turkey Finland, 633-643.
Hisrich, Robert D. (June 1992). Towards an Organization Model for Entrepreneurship Education,
Proceedings, International Entrepreneurship 1992 Conference, Dortmund, Germany, 16-41.
Hisrich, Robert D. (Summer 1992). The Need for Marketing in Entrepreneurship, Journal of Consumer
Marketing, 9(3), 43-47.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fussell, Bradley (1993). Milyen Kozegben dolgoznak a kelet - es kozep Europaban - elsosorban Magyarorszagan - mukodo amerikai cegek? Ipar Gazdasag, 3, 9-15.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Szirmai, Peter (1993). Developing a Market Oriented Economy: A Hungarian
Perspective, Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 5(1), 61-71.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Peters, Michael P. (1993). The Views of Trade Activity with the Former Soviet
Union and China by U.S. Manufacturers, Chapter 19 in The Global Business (New York: International
Business Press), 367-388.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Vecsenyi, Janos (1993). Decision Analysis and New Venture Creation in
Hungary, Management Research News, 16(2/3), 1-11.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Szirmai, Peter (June 1993). Moving to a Market Oriented Economic System,”
Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship, 2(1), 65-81.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Grachev, Mikhail V. (November 1993). The Russian Entrepreneur, Journal of
Business Venturing, 8, 487-497.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fülöp, Gyula (March 1993). Women Entrepreneurs in Controlled Economies - A
Hungarian Perspective, Proceedings, 1993 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 590-592.
B-14
Fried, Vance H., Hisrich, Robert D. and Polonchek, Amy (Fall 1993). Research Note: Venture
Capitalists' Investment Criteria: A Replication, Journal of Small Business Finance, 3(1), 37-42.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fussell, Bradley (1994). Gap Problems in Delivering Effective Management
Education and Training in Former Eastern and Central European Countries, Chapter 9 in Management
Education and Training: An Eastern European Dilemma (Melbourne: Krieger Publishing Company),
109-130.
Box, Thomas M., Watts, Larry P. and Hisrich, Robert D. (May 1994). Manufacturing Entrepreneurs: An
Empirical Study of the Correlates of Employment Growth in the Tulsa MSA and Rural East Texas,
Journal of Business Venturing, 9(3), 261-270.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Vecsenyi, Janos (1994). Graphisoft: The Entry of a Hungarian Software Venture
into the U.S. Market, Business Research and Management Challenges (Budapest: International
Management Center Press), 183-202.
Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (Fall 1994). Towards a Model of Venture Capital Investment
Decision-Making, Financial Management, 23(3), 28-37.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1994). Developing Technology Joint Ventures in Central and Eastern Europe, in
Advances in Global High-Technology Management: International Management of High Technology
(Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, Inc,), 111-130.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1994). The State of the Field: What We Know about Women Entrepreneurs, Missing
Pieces (Greensburg, PA: National Education Center for Women in Business), 23-38.
Bruton, Garry D., Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert, D. (June 1994). CEO Dismissal and the Role of
the Venture Capitalist, Proceedings, 1994 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 336-345.
Gross, Andrew W., Hisrich, Robert D. and Fülöp, Gyula (August 1994). International Market Entry by
Entrepreneurial Firms, Proceedings 1994 Marketing/Entrepreneurship Interface Conference, 47-60.
Hisrich, Robert D. (September 1994). Infrastructure Mechanisms for Creating and Developing
Technology Ventures, Proceedings, Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Small and Medium-Sized
Enterprises Conference, Jonkoping, Sweden, 120-138.
Ageev, Alexandre I., Gratchev, Mikhail V. and Hisrich, Robert D. (1995). Entrepreneurship in the Soviet
Union and Post-Socialist Russia, Small Business Economics, 7, 1-12.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Gratchev, Mikhail V. (1995). The Russian Entrepreneur: Characteristics and
Prescriptions for Success, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 10(2), 3-9.
Elango, B., Fried, Vance H., Hisrich, Robert D. and Polonchek, Amy (March 1995). How Venture
Capital Firms Differ, Journal of Business Venturing, 10(2), 157-179.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fülöp, Gyula (Winter 1994-95). The Role of Women Entrepreneurs in Hungary’s
Transition Economy, International Studies of Management and Organization, 24(4), 100-117.
B-15
Hisrich, Robert D. (January-February 1995). Kufoldi Piacra Lepni, Marketing and Menedzsment, 1, 7577.
Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (Winter 1995). The Venture Capitalist: A Relationship Investor,
California Management Review, 37(2), 101-113.
Hisrich, Robert D. A magyar gazdasás átalakulása a vállalkozások és vállalatok fejlesztése utján,
Microcod ‘95 International Conference, University of Miskolci, Hungary, 98-112.
Lerner, Miri, Brush, Candida G. and Hisrich, Robert D. (April 1995). Factors Affecting Performance of
Israeli Women Entrepreneurs: An Examination of Alternative Perspectives, Proceedings, 1995
Conference on Entrepreneurship, 308-322.
Hisrich, Robert D., Crowley, Michael, Lankford, Gormac and O’Cinneide, Barra (April 1995). The
Effectiveness of Participative Training Programs in Entrepreneurship in European Second-Level Schools,
Proceedings, 1995 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 718-720.
Hisrich, Robert D. (June 1995). Politika Spodbujanja Posjetnistva V. Gospodarstvih V. Prehodu, Slovene
Economic Review, 3, 183-186.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Cahill, Dennis J. (Spring 1995), Buried at the Crossroads at Midnight with an Oak
Stake through Its Heart: An Entrepreneurial Replication of Ross and Straw’s Extended Temporal
Escalation Model, Family Business Review, viii(1), 41-54.
Hisrich, Robert D., Danis, Wade and Gross, Andrew (June 1995). The Marketing Concept in Hungarian
Enterprises, Proceedings, ESOMAR/JMA/ARF Conference, New York, 219-238.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Fülöp, Gyula (July 1995). Hungarian Entrepreneurs and Their Enterprises,
Journal of Small Business Management, 33(3), 88-94.
Hisrich, Robert D. and O’Cinneide, Barra (Spring 1996). Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe-Oriented
Institutions, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 11(2), 45-64.
Freeman, Everette, Hisrich, Robert D., Standley, Anne P., Yankey, John A. and Young, Dennis R.
(1996). Innovation by Nonprofit Organizations: A Study of the Applicants for the Peter F. Drucker
Award in Nonprofit Innovation, CWRU Working Paper, 1-25.
Hisrich, Robert D., Koiranen, Matti and Hyrsky, Kimmo (March 1996). A Comparison of Men and
Women Entrepreneurs: A Cross-National Exploratory Study, Proceedings, 1996 Conference on
Entrepreneurship, 104-105.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Solymossy, Emeric (March 1996). Entrepreneurial Ethics: The Impact of
Accountability and Independence, Proceedings, 1996 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 667-669.
Hisrich, Robert D., Kleindl, Brad A., Fülöp, Gyula and Fried, Vance H. (June 1996). The Outcomes of
Marketing and Entrepreneurship in an Evolving Market Economy: The Role of Antecedents,
Proceedings, 1996 UIC/AMA Research Symposia on Marketing and Entrepreneurship, Stockholm,
Sweden, 11, 2-15.
B-16
Hisrich, Robert D., Honig-Haftel, Sandra, McDougall, Patricia P. and Oviatt, Benjamin M. (Summer
1996). International Entrepreneurship: Past, Present, and Future, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,
20(4), 5-7.
Hisrich, Robert D. (September 1996). Developing Entrepreneurship in Transition Economies,
Proceedings, International Conference on the 50th Anniversary of the Faculty of Economics, University
of Ljubljana, 220-231.
Keindl, Brad A., Fried, Vance H., Hisrich, Robert D. and Fülöp, Gyula (November 1996). Hungary’s
Adoption of Market Orientation, Management Research News, 19(12), 37-50.
Freeman, Everette, Hisrich, Robert D., Standley, Anne P., Yankey, John A. and Young, Dennis R.
(1997). Entrepreneurship in the Not-for-Profit Sector, Chapter 15 in Entrepreneurship 2000, Sexton,
D.C. and Smilor, R.W., eds. (Chicago: Upstart Publishing Company), 321-335.
Danis, Wade, Hisrich, Robert D., Gross, Andrew and Solymossy, Emeric (1997). Hungarian Enterprises:
Marketing in Transition, Chapter 14 in Privatization and Entrepreneurship, Ullman, A.A. and Lewis,
Alfred, eds. (New York: International Business Press), 219-240.
Hisrich, Robert D., Fülöp, Gyula, Solymossy, Emeric and Szegedi, Krisztina (February 1997). Uzletietika
a Magyar Kisvallalatok Gyakorlataben, Vezetestudomany, 2, 3-14.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Ginzberg, Michael J. (1997). Ajka Kristoly Kff., in Essettanulmanyok a Strategic
Management Oktatasahoz (Miskolc, Hungary: Bibor Konyukiado), 50-68.
Lerner, Miri, Brush, Candida G. and Hisrich, Robert D. (July 1997). Israeli Women Entrepreneurs: An
Examination of Factors Affecting Performance, Journal of Business Venturing, 12(4), 315-339.
Bruton, Garry D., Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (Spring 1997). Venture Capitalist and CEO
Dismissal, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 21(3), 41-54.
Brush, Candida G., Hisrich, Robert D., Good, Deborah and DeSouza, Gita. (April 1997). Performance in
Entrepreneurial Ventures: Does Gender Matter? Proceedings, 1997 Conference on Entrepreneurship,
238-239.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Gratchev, Mikhail (April 1997). Russian vs. American Entrepreneurs: Where are
the Ethics? Proceedings, 1997 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 256-257.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Gratchev, Mikhail V. (November 1998). Entrepreneurial Leadership in the Global
Economy: Similarities and Differences, Journal of Management Systems, 8(1), 29-38.
Hisrich, Robert D., Vahcic, Ales, Glas, Miroslav and Bucar, Branko (May 1998). Why Slovene Public
Policy Should Focus on High Growth SMEs, Proceedings, 1998 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 487489.
Fried, Vance H., Bruton, Garry D. and Hisrich, Robert D. (November 1998). Strategy and Board of
Directors in Venture - Capital-Backed Firms, Journal of Business Venturing, 13(6), 493-503.
Fried, Vance H., Bruton, Garry D. and Hisrich, Robert D. (Summer 1998). The Involvement of the Board
of Directors in Portfolio Company Strategy, The Journal of Private Equity, 1(4), 51-55.
B-17
Hisrich, Robert D., Glas, Miroslav, Vahcic, Ales and Antoncic, Bostjan (September 1998). The
Internationalization of SMEs in Transition Economies and the Impact of the European Union,
Proceedings, Globalization and Emerging Business: Strategies for the 21st Century, 1-24.
Hisrich, Robert D., Fülöp, Gyula and Szegedi, Krisztina (Spring 1998). Vállalatietika És
Targadalmifelelösség: Nezetek És Intézményesülés, Vezetestudomany, XXIX, 4, 1-18.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1999). The Entrepreneur and Innovation, chapter in The Elgar Companion to
Consumer Research and Economic Psychology (London: Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd.), 187-192.
Hisrich, Robert D. (1999). The Business Plan, Chapter 16.3 in The Handbook of Technology
Management (New York: CRC Press), 16-20.
Hisrich, Robert D. (May, 1999). Business Ethics in Hungary: A Global Perspective in the Millennium,
Proceedings, International Conference on Management in the Millennium; Veszprem, Hungary, 8-16.
Hisrich, Robert D. (May 1999) Business Ethics and Social Responsibility from A Global Perspective,
Proceedings, International Conference on the Change in Value System; Miskolc-Lillafüred, Hungary, 1119.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Öztürk, Sevgi A. (Fall 1999). Women Entrepreneurs in a Developing Economy,
Journal of Management Development, 18(2), 114-124.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Antoncic, Bostjan (May 1999). The Role of Entrepreneurship in Transition
Economies: Insights from a Comparative Study, Proceedings, 1999 Conference on Entrepreneurship,
214-215.
Glas, Miroslav, Hisrich, Robert D., Vahcic, Ales and Antoncic, Bostjan (December 1999). The
Internationalization of SMEs in Transition Economies, Global Focus, 11(4), 107-124.
Fülöp, Gyula, Hisrich, Robert D. and Szegedi, Krisztina (Winter 2000). Business Ethics and Social
Responsibility in Transition Economies, Journal of Management Development, 19(1), 5-31.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (April 2000). Intrapreneurship Model in Transition Economies:
A Comparison of Slovenia and the United States, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 2140.
Hisrich, Robert D. (March 2000). Can Psychological Approaches be used Effectively? An Overview,
European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 9(1), 93-97.
Bruton, Garry D., Fried, Vance H. and Hisrich, Robert D. (Summer 2000). CEO – Dismissal in Venture
Capital – Backed Firms: Further Evidence from an Agency Perspective, Entrepreneurship Theory and
Practice, 24(4), 69-77.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (November 2000). International Entrepreneurship: An
Integrative Conceptual Model, Journal of Euromarketing, 9(2), 17-36.
Bucar, Branko and Hisrich, Robert D. (April 2001). Ethics of Business Managers vs. Entrepreneurs,
Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 6(1), 59-82.
B-18
Hisrich, Robert D. and Gratchev, Mikhail (Spring 2001). Ethical Dimension of Russian and American
Entrepreneurs, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 8(1), 5-18.
Häckner, Einar and Hisrich, Robert D. (April-June 2001). A Golden Era for Entrepreneurship and
Entrepreneurial Finance Research, Venture Capital, 3(2), 85-89.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Chu, Priscilla (April-June 2001). Venture Capital in an Economy in Transition,
Venture Capital, 3(2), 169-182.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (September 2001). Intrapreneurship: Construct Refinement and
Cross Cultural Validation, Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5), 495-527.
Häckner, Einar and Hisrich, Robert D. (July-September 2001). Editorial: Contemporary Entrepreneurial
Finance Research, Venture Capital, 3(3), 183-185.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Drnovšek, Mateja (Spring 2002). Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research:
A European Perspective, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 9(2), 172-222.
Hisrich, Robert D., Bucar, Branko and Oztark, Sevgi (January 2003). A Cross-Cultural Comparison of
Business Ethics: Cases of Russia, Slovenia, Turkey and United States,” Cross Cultural Management: An
InternationalJournal, 10(1), 3-28.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2003). A Model for Effective Entrepreneurship Education and Research,
Entrepreneurship in Forghung and Lehre, (Frankfurt: Peter Lang Gmb H.), 241-255.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (March 2003). Clarifying the Intrapreneurship Concept,
Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 10(1), 7-24.
Bucar, Branko, Glas, Miroslav and Hisrich, Robert D. (March 2003). Ethics and Entrepreneurs: An
International Comparative Study, Journal of Business Venturing, 18(2), 261-281.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (December 2003). Privatization, Corporate Entrepreneurship,
and Performance: Testing a Normative Model, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 8(3), 197218.
Jankowicz, Andrew D., Zgoda, Leopold, Solymossy, Emeric and Hisrich, Robert D. (Winter 2003).
Business Ethics in a Post-command Economy: A Comparative Study of U.S. and Polish Entrepreneurs,
Crossing the Barriers in Business: A Cultural Dimension, 8, 75-100.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Douglas, Evan (May 2003). Intrapreneurship in Australian, U.S. and Slovenian
Firms, Proceedings, 2003 Conference on Entrepreneurship, 146-160.
Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (2004). Corporate Entrepreneurship Contingencies and
Organizational Wealth Creation, Journal of Management Development, 23(6), 518-550.
Antoncic, Bostjan, Cardon, Melissa and Hisrich, Robert D. (2004). Internationalizing Corporate
Entrepreneurship: The Impact on Global HR Management, chapter in Corporate Entrepreneurship, Katz,
J.A. and Shepherd, D.A., eds. (New York: Elsevier Publishing Co.), 173-197.
B-19
Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (September 2004). Entrepreneurship Education Needs Arising
from Entrepreneurial Profiles in a Unified Germany: An International Comparison, Proceedings,
Internationalizing Entrepreneurship Education and Training Conference, (IntEnt 2004) (Napoli: Edizione
Scientifiche Italiane), 157-160.
Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (2004). International Entrepreneurship: The Case of the
Unified Germany, Jahrbuch Entrepreneurship 2004/05 (New York: Springer Press), 77-100.
Fitzsimmons, Jason, Douglas, Evan J., Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (2004) Intrapreneurship
in Australian Firms, Journal of Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management, 11(1), 17-27.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2005). Entrepreneurship Education and Research, Entrepreneurship:
Grundungsforschung and Grundungslehre (Wiesbaden, Germany: Deutsche University Press), 71-94.
Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (2005). Entrepreneurial Finance: Strategic Governance of
German and U.S. Venture Capital Firms, Entrepreneurship: Grundungsforschung and Grundungslehre
(Wiesbaden, Germany: Deutsche University Press), 137-158.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Antoncic, Bostjan (2005). Educating Entrepreneurs, Entrepreneurship:
Grundungsforschung and Grundungslehre (Wiesbaden, Germany: Deutsche University Press), 205-226.
Hisrich, Robert D., Deeds, David L., Schulze, William S. and Taylor, Cyrus (2005). Expanding
Entrepreneurship Education into the Sciences, Entrepreneurship: Grundungsforschung and
Grundungslehre (Wiesbaden, Germany: Deutsche University Press), 243-260.
Lerner, Miri, Menahem, Gila and Hisrich, Robert D. (2005). Does Government Matter: The Impact of
Occupational Retraining, Gender and Ethnicity on Immigrants’ Incorporation, Journal of Small Business
and Enterprise Development, 12(2).
Hisrich, Robert D. (2005) The Future of Entrepreneurship Research and Education, Innovation and
Entrepreneurship Research Conference (Changchun, China: China Publishing Group Modern Education
Press), 1-8.
Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (2006). Strategic and Investment Behavior in the German and
Israeli Venture Capital Industries: A Comparison with the USA, International Journal of Technology
Management, 34(1/2), 88-104.
Hisrich, Robert D., Bowser, Kimberly and Smarsh, Larysa Szana (2006). Women Entrepreneurs in the
Ukraine, International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 3(2), 207-221.
Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (May 2006). Serial Entrepreneurs: What Keeps them Pushing
for More, Proceedings, Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, 26(7), 190.
Ruzzier, Mitja, Antoncic, Bostjan and Hisrich, Robert D. (2006). SME Internationalization Research:
Past, Present, and Future, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 13(4), 476-497.
(Recipient of the Outstanding Paper Award of the Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence
2007.)
B-20
Hisrich, Robert D. and Lutz, Julie (2007). Avoiding Entrepreneurial Frustration: Building a Management
Team, Chapter 22 in Research Companion to the Dysfunctional Workplace: Management Challenges
and Symptoms (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Company), 380-401.
Antoncic, Bostjan, Prodan, Igor, Scarlat, Cezar and Hisrich, Robert, D. (2007). Technological
Innovativeness and Firm Performance in Slovenia and Romania, CPCE: Post-Communist Economies
(London: Taylor & Francis), 19(3), 281-298.
Kearney, Claudine, Hisrich, Robert D. and Roche, Frank (September 2007). Facilitating the Public Sector
Entrepreneurship Process: A Conceptual Model, Journal of Enterprising Culture, 15(3), 275-299.
Hisrich, Robert D., Langan-Fox, Janice and Grant, Sharon (2007). Entrepreneurship Research and
Practice: A Call to Action for Psychology, American Psychologist, 62(6), 575-589.
Ruzzier, Mitja, Antoncic, Bostjan, Hisrich, Robert D. and Konečnik, Maja (2007). Human Capital and
SME Internationalization: A Structural Equation Modeling Study, Canadian Journal of Administration
Sciences, 24(1), 15-29.
Kearney, Claudine, Hisrich, Robert D. and Roche, Frank (2007). A Conceptual Model of Public Sector
Corporate Entrepreneurship, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4(3), 295-313.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2007). Where Do The United States And Canada Stand Vis-A-Vis Other Countries
Regarding Entrepreneurship? Canada-United States Law Journal, 33(1), 225-245.
Lerner, Miri, Khavul, Susanna and Hisrich, Robert D. (2008). Immigrants from the former Soviet Union
as Ethnic Entrepreneurs in Israel, Handbook of Research on Minority Entrepreneurship (Cheltenham,
UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Company), 630-645.
Anokim, Sergey, Grichnik, Dietmar and Hisrich, Robert D. (2008). The Journey from Novice to Serial
Entrepreneurship in China and German: Are the Drivers the Same? Managing Global Transitions, 6(2),
117-142.
Kearney, Claudine, Hisrich, Robert D. and Roche, Frank (2009). Public and Private Sector
Entrepreneurship: Similarities, Differences or a Combination? Journal of Small Business and Enterprise
Development, 15(3), 275-299.
Ge, Baoshan, Hisrich, Robert D. and Dong, Baobao (2009). Networking, Resource Acquisition, and the
Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Empirical Study of Three Major Cities in
China, Managing Global Transitions, 7(3), 221-239.
Koch, Lambert T., Kuhn, Wolfgang, Gruenhagen, Marcy and Hisrich Robert D. (2010). The ‘Irrelevance
of Irrelevance’ in Entrepreneurial Finance – Modeling the Cost of Capital in Start-ups beyond
Modigliani-Miller, Strategic Change: Briefings in Entrepreneurial Finance, 19(1-2), 29-43.
Kavanagh, Patricia and Hisrich, Robert D. (2010). The Relationship between the Quality of the Idea and
the Strategic Potential of a New Venture: A Longitudinal Study of Five Irish Campus Companies,
Managing Global Transitions, 8(3), 261-284.
B-21
Kearney, Claudine, Hisrich, Robert D. and Roche, Frank (2010). Change Management through
Entrepreneurship in Public Sector Enterprises, Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 15(4), 415437.
Hisrich, Robert D. and Kearney, Claudine (2011). Cultural Difference, Communication and Managing
Innovation: An Entrepreneur’s Guide. Chapter 4 in International Business in 21st Century (vol. 2), 67-94.
Slavec, Alenka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (August 2011). Entrepreneurial Openness:
Conceptualization and Measurement, Proceedings, Academy of Management, 67-94.
Hisrich, Robert D., Chen, Peiguang and Ge, Baoshan (2011). The Review on Service Industry
Entrepreneurship, Foreign Economic and Management Journal, (15), 111-121.
Arthur, Stephanie and Hisrich, Robert D. (2011). Entrepreneurship through the Ages: Lessons Learned,
Journal of Enterprising Culture, 19(1), 1-40.
Arthur, Stephanie, Hisrich, Robert D. and Cabrera, Ángel (2012). Importance of Education in the
Entrepreneurial Process: A World View, Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(3),
500-514.
Ahlin, Branka, Prodan, Igor and Hisrich, Robert D. (2012). Entrepreneur’s Creativity and Firm
Innovativeness: The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy, ICSB Conference, New Zealand.
(Received Track Best Paper award and Small Enterprise Research best paper award.)
Ahlin, Branka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2012). Exploring Moderating Effects of
Absorptive Capacity on the Relationship between Social Networks and Innovation: A Cross-Cultural
Study, ICSB Conference, New Zealand.
DaSilva, Carlos M., Hisrich, Robert D. and Janezic, Matej (2012). Five Ways to Operate and Succeed as
a Venture Capitalist in Southeast Europe, Journal of Private Equity, 15(2), 84-89.
Chen, Peiguang, Hisrich, Robert D. and Ge, Baoshan (2012). Research of Women Entrepreneurship
Based on Literature Analysis, Information Science, 30(4), 613-636.
Ahlin, Branka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2012). Exploring Moderating Effects of
Proactivity on the Relationship between Market Information and Innovation Performance, Economics
and Business Review, 14(2), 121-146.
Hisrich, Robert D. (2013), International Entrepreneurship: Where Do We Go From Here?, International
Review of Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 76-80.
Kearney, Claudine, Hisrich, Robert D. and Antoncic, Bostjan (2014). The Mediating Role of Corporate
Entrepreneurship for External Environment Effects on Performance, Journal of Business, Economics and
Management, 14(Supplement 1), S328-S357, DOI 10.3846/16111699.2012.720592.
Kearney, Claudine and Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Entrepreneurship in Developing Economies:
Transformation, Barriers and Infrastructure; Chapter 6 in Necessity Entrepreneurship: Micro-Enterprise
Education & Economic Development, (Northampton MA: Edward Elgar Publishing Company), 103-117.
B-22
Breznik, Lidija and Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Dynamic Capabilities vs. Innovative Capability, Journal
of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 21, 3, 368-384.
Ahlin, Branka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Exploring the Moderating Effects of
Absorptive Capacity on the Relationship between Social Networks and Innovation, Journal of East
European Management Studies, 19(2), 213-235.
Ahlin, Branka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2014). Entrepreneurs’ Creativity and Firm
Innovation: The Moderating Role of Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy, Small Business Economics Journal,
43(1), 101-117. DOI 10.1007/s11187-013-9531-7.
Ramadani, Veland, Hisrich, Robert D. and Gërguri-Rashiti, Shqipe (2015). Female Entrepreneurs in
Transition Economies: Insights from Albania, Macedonia and Kosovo, World Review of
Entrepreneurship, Management, and Sustainable Development. Accepted for publication.
Ahlin, Branka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2015). Do the “Ups” and “Downs” in
Persistence Accelerate the Effects of Improvisation on Innovation Performance? Revised and resubmitted
to the Journal of Business Venturing.
Slavec, Alenka, Drnovšek, Mateja and Hisrich, Robert D. (2015). Entrepreneurial Openness: Conceptual
Grounds and Cross-cultural Validation of the Measure, submitted to the Journal of Small Business
Management.
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APPENDIX C “Perspective: Ranking of the World’s Top Innovation Management Scholars and Universities,” Journal of Product Innovation Management (2012) J PROD INNOV MANAG 2012;29(2):319-331
© 2012 Product Development & Management Association
DOI: 10.l lll/j.1540-5885.2011.00898.x
Perspective: Ranking of the World's Top Innovation
Management Scholars and Universities*
Pianpian Yang and Lei Tao
This paper extends Jeffrey Thieme's article "The World's Top Innovation Management Scholars and Their Social
Capital, "published in 2007 in JP IM, in which he made a ranking of the world's top innovation managements scholars.
This paper makes four contributions. First, this paper includes data on innovation management from articles published
in two leading innovation management journals and eight top management and marketing journals during past 20
years (I991-20/0). Second, this paper classifies 1229 articles into 29 categories, revealing hot topics and future
research directions. Third, this paper ranks 1718 innovation management scholars over a period of 20 years from 1991
to 2010. Fourth, this is the first time that 625 universities have been ranked in terms of their current faculty research
capabilities in the field of innovation management.
The empirical data from the past 20 years show that the world's top 10 innovation management scholars are:
Michael Song (University of Missouri-Kansas City), Roger J. Calantone (Michigan State University), Erik Jan Huitink
(Delft University of Technology), Mark E. Parry (University of Missouri-Kansas City), Kwaku Atuahene-Gima (China
Europe International Business School), C. Anthony Di Benedetto (Temple University), Abbie Griffin (University of
Utah), William E. Souder (Retired), Barry L. Bayus (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill), and Christoph H.
Loch (INSEAD ).
The world's top 10 innovation management universities are: University of Missouri-Kansas City, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Michigan State University, INSEAD, Harvard University, University of Pennsylvania, Northeastern University, Texas A&M University, Stanford University, and Delft University of Technology.
Introduction
nnovation is "the overall process whereby an invention is transformed into a commercial product that
can be sold profitably" (Crawford and Di Benedetto,
2006). As a burgeoning area of fierce competition among
firms, studying innovation yields critical economic
insights (Clark and Fujimoto, 1991; Guo, 2008). Managing innovation is integral in changing innovative ideas to
performance. Reviews by Chen, Damanpour, and Reilly
(2010), Karniouchina, Victorino, and Verma (2006), and
Page and Schirr (2008) have confirmed substantial
growth in the field of innovation management during the
last two decades.
As the body of innovation management literature
develops and expands, it is useful to list top contributors
and universities. A research productivity ranking of individual scholars is useful for identifying top scholars in the
field, while a productivity ranking of universities pro-
I
Address correspondence to: Lei Tao, Marketing Department, Management School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi 710049, China. E-mail:
[email protected]. Tel: 86-29-8267-2193.
* Both authors contributed equally to this research.
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vides important information for prospective faculty
recruits, doctoral students, companies seeking consulting
help, potential donors, and other stakeholders. Articles
published in top academic journals are one of the most
important measures for high-quality intellectual research
(Bakir, Vitell, and Rose, 2000; Chan, Fung, and Leung,
2006; Ford, LaTour, and Henthorne, 2001; Linton, 2004;
Thieme, 2007). Therefore, this paper identifies and ranks
the most productive scholars and universities by computing the number of articles from two leading academic
innovation management journals and eight top management and marketing journals.
This paper also investigates general topics that have
been studied and identify the most popular research
topics in the field of innovation management. A comprehensive database of articles related to innovation management between 1991 and 2010 is developed. Further, these
articles are classified into 29 specific categories, and the
experts are identified in each subfield. By collecting and
analyzing 1229 publications, which reflect the work of
1718 scholars in 10 top journals from the past 20 years,
this paper makes the following three ranking lists: (1) top
scholars based on total number of articles published in
top 10 journals over last 20 years; (2) top scholars based
320
P. YANGANDL. TAO
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
on total number of articles published in eight traditional
top management and marketing journals that publish significant innovation management articles over the last 20
years; and (3) the world's top innovation management
universities in terms of their current faculty research
capabilities.
Ranking Method
The ranking of scholars and universities is made on the
basis of peer-reviewed research journals. Although
books, conference proceedings, and working papers are
also evidence of scholarship, peer-reviewed journals
remain the focus of the academic community (Linton,
2004; Thieme, 2007). Based on citation impact factor,
past studies have established that JPIM and IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management are the top two
innovation management journals (Cheng, Kumar,
Motwani, Reisman, and Madan, 1999; Linton and Thongpapanl, 2004; Thieme, 2007). Since innovation management cuts across disciplines (Thieme, 2007), this paper
also includes five top management journals (Strategic
Management Journal, Management Science, Administrative Science Quarterly, Academy of Management Review,
and Academy of Management Journal; see ranking by
Linton and Thongpapanl, 2004), one top journal in operations management (Journal of Operations Management;
see ranking by Barman, Hanna, and Laforge, 2001), and
two top marketing journals (Journal of Marketing and
Journal of Marketing Research; see ranking by Baumgartner and Pieters, 2003). This paper considers the same
top management and marketing journals as Thieme
(2007), but in contrast to Thieme's work, our research
includes only two top innovation management journals
and adds one top operations management journal for its
growing attention in the innovation management field.
This research collected electronic copies of all articles
published in these 10 top journals between 1991 and
2010, using Business Source Premier and the WileyBlackwell Full Collection. Following Thieme's (2007)
data collection procedure, an article was retained irnme-
BIOGRAPffiCAL SKETCHES
Pianpian Yang is Ph.D candidate at Management School of Xi' an Jiaotong University. Her current research interests include marketing
channel management and innovation strategy.
Lei Tao is Assistant Professor at Management School of Xi' an Jiaotong
University. Her current research interests include marketing strategy and
marketing channel management.
C-2
diately if it was clear from the title that the article's
conclusions had direct implications on innovation management. In many cases, when this was not necessarily
clear from the title, two authors read the abstract. An
article was retained only if the abstract reading clarified
that the article had direct implications for innovation
management (Crawford and Di Benedetto, 2006).
Our focus is original contribution to innovation management research. Therefore, this paper excluded the following types of articles: literature review, meta-analysis,
ranking article, research note and practitioner note, book
review, comment, reply, dialogue and rejoinder, spotlight
article, editorial (from the editors), and announcements.
In addition, this research excluded articles whose primary
focus is technology forecasting, technology transfer and
diffusion, cross-functional team management (unless the
study is specifically related to innovation management
teams), organizational innovation (i.e., new forms of
organizing a firm's management structure), organizational innovative technology adoption, process innovation, product line innovation, new business creation and
entrepreneurship, and individual creativity.
Using these criteria, 1293 possible innovation management articles were collected. The journal's name,
article title, publication year, author's name, author's
affiliation at the time of publication, abstract, and key
words (if applicable) were noted. Among these 1293
articles, the two authors independently judged 1175 of
them to be innovation management research, disagreeing
on only 118 articles. To resolve this, both authors read the
articles in their entirety and were able to agree that 39 of
the disputed articles are in fact innovation management
research. For the remaining 79 articles where no consensus was reached, two well-known and respected professors in innovation management were requested to classify
these articles independently. Fifteen more articles were
judged to be innovation management research. Therefore,
a total of 1229 innovation management articles are
included in our ranking analysis.
Our results indicate that in the 20-year period (19912010), JPIM and IEEE Transactions on Engineering
Management published the most innovation management
articles (555 and 138, respectively). Among top eight
management and marketing journals, Management
Science is found to publish the most innovation management articles (140), followed by Academy of Management Journal (82), Journal of Marketing (77), Journal of
Marketing Research (76), Strategic Management Journal
(58), Journal of Operations Management (50), Academy
of Management Review (29), and Administrative Science
Quarterly (24).
RANKING OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SCHOLARS
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
Classification
This paper classified the innovation management research
topics into 29 categories (i.e., subfields) based on three
review articles (Brown and Eisenhardt, 1995; Henard and
Szymanski, 2001; Montoya-Weiss and Calantone, 1994).
The results are presented in Table 1. The categories in
Table 1 are not necessarily mutually exclusive (one article
may be classified into multiple categories).
One of the most noticeable aspects of Table 1 is the
uneven distribution of articles among the subfields of
innovation management research. Over the 20-year
period, the areas that have received the most publishing
attention are: company resources, structural approach,
and external/internal relations, followed by organizational attributes, environment, strategy, launch proficiency, product innovation, fit with market need/meet
customer needs, and speed to market. However, few
articles have examined product price and product technological sophistication.
Results from Table 1 demonstrate that Michael Song
published at least two articles in 21 out of the 29 categories, thereby making him the most prolific contributor in
more than two thirds of the innovation management subfields. Michael Song is followed by Mark E. Parry, Erik
Jan Huitink, William E. Souder, Kwaku Atuahene-Gima,
Roger J. Calantone, Barry L. Bayus, Ulrike de Brentani,
Abbie Griffin, C. Anthony Di Benedetto, and Morgan L.
Swink-all of who published at least two articles in more
than three categories. In addition, 16 scholars are shown
as experts relating to two categories (see Table 1).
World's Top Innovation
Management Scholars
To rank the innovation management scholars, this paper
adopted the methods used in prior ranking studies (e.g.,
Heck and Cooley, 1988; Inkpen and Beamish, 1994; Lu,
2003; Morrison and Inkpen, 1991; Thieme, 2007) to construct unadjusted and adjusted count measures of authors.
The first method gives full credit to each author of an
article, while the second method weights the authors (one
divided by the number of authors in the article). No
weighting distinction was made between senior authors
and their co-authors (see Table 2 "Number of Articles
Adjusted"). The same method was used in previous
studies by Stahl, Leap, and Wei (1988), Thieme (2007),
and Young, Baird, and Pullman (1996). Because each of
these two ranking methods inherently includes some bias,
this paper uses both ranking methods, and the results are
reported in Table 2.
C-3
321
Table 2 presents top 50 innovation management scholars who have each published at least five articles in the 10
top journals between 1991 and 2010. The list of top
scholars expands to 182 if scholars who published at least
three articles are included. This paper also presents the
top innovation management scholars whose adjusted
number of articles is more than 2.25. A longer list of top
innovation management scholars and a supplementary
list of most active innovation management scholars from
2006 to 2010 are available in the following website:
http://gr.xjtu.edu.cn:8080/webneitao.
Consistent with the ranking by Thieme (2007), the
empirical results show that Michael Song leads the
ranking again and he claims that title of "world's number
one innovation scholar." The other top 10 innovation
management scholars are Roger J. Calantone, Erik Jan
Huitink, Mark E. Parry, Kwaku Atuahene-Gima, C.
Anthony Di Benedetto, Abbie Griffin, William E. Souder,
Barry L. Bayus, and Christoph H. Loch.
Because innovation management has also gained
increasing attention in top management and marketing
journals, this paper also ranks innovation management
scholars who publish in other traditional A + marketing
and management journals. Table 3 displays the top innovation management scholars in eight top management and
marketing journals (excluding JPIM and IEEE) over 20
years. The 12 top innovation management scholars in top
management and marketing journals are Michael Song,
Barry L. Bayus, Rajesh K. Chandy, Kwaku AtuaheneGima, Michael A. Hitt, Christian Terwiesch, Christine
Moorman, Christoph H. Loch, Donald R. Lehmann, Eric
von Rippel, Jinhong Xie, and Steven D. Eppinger. Each of
these top 12 scholars has published at least six innovation
management articles in the eight top management and
marketing journals between 1991and2010.
World's Top Innovation
Management Universities
There are different methodologies for ranking universities (Chapple, Powers, and Bunch, 2003; Linton, 2004).
Traditionally, university rankings are based on aggregation of faculty publishing articles (Bakir et al., 2000;
Chan et al., 2006; Ford et al., 2001; Linton, 2004) where
all publications are credited to the author's affiliated university at the time of publication. Polansky (2008) suggests that it is more appropriate to rank universities based
on current faculty members (Polansky, 2008). Therefore,
this paper ranks top universities in innovation management research by summing the publication records of the
current faculties.
322
P. YANG AND L. TAO
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
Table 1. Classification of Innovation Management Topics
Category
Product factors (Henard and Szymanski,
2001)
1. Product advantage (45)"
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
2. Fit with market need/Meet customer
needs (110) (Henard and Szymanski,
2001)
3. Product price (17) (Henard and
Szymanski, 2001)
4. Product technological sophistication
(9) (Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
5. Product innovation (132) (Henard
and Szymanski, 2001)
6. Product attributions (85)
Firm strategy factors (Henard and
Szymanski, 2001)
7. Technological synergy (44)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
8. Marketing synergy (25)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
9. Company resources (246)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
10. Strategy (151) (Montoya-Weiss and
Calantone, 1994)
Development process factors (Henard
and Szymanski, 2001)
Definitionb
Top Scholars in This
Category
Referring to elements pertaining to the offering.
Referring to the customer's perception of product
superiority with respect to quality, cost-benefit ratio,
or function relative to competitors.
Extent to which product is perceived as satisfying
desires/needs of the customer. Relative customer
factors in this category, such as customer perception
and attitude (customer preference, customer
acceptance, customer confidence, customer risk
feeling), customer categories (lead user, ordinary
user), customer characteristics (customer personality,
customer experience and knowledge, customer
innovativeness), and customer behaviors (customer
updating behaviors, communication) in new product
context are included.
Referring to perceived price-performance congruency
(i.e., value).
Referring to perceived technological sophistication
(i.e., high tech, low tech) of the product.
Referring to perceived newness/originality/uniqueness/
radicalness of the product.
Referring to product categories (products, service) and
product characteristics such as product life cycle,
and product portfolio and product network
extemality, product compatibility, product diversity,
and product architectures.
Referring to a firm's planned actions that have the
potential for providing it a competitive advantage in
the marketplace separate from any factors associated
with the new product development process.
Referring to fit between the needs of the project and
the firm's resources and skills with respect to R&D
or product development, engineering, and
production.
Referring to fit between the needs of the project and
the firm's resources and skills with respect to the
sales force, distribution, advertising, promotion,
market research, and customer service.
Referring to compatibility of the resource base of the
firm with the requirements of the project. It is more
general than marketing or technological synergy. For
example, it includes financial, manpower
requirements, learning capability, organizational
knowledge and experience, and organizational
brands and patents.
Referring to strategic impetus for the development of a
project (for example, defensive, reactive, proactive,
imitative). Organizational strategy orientation,
product positioning strategy, product entry strategy,
and product development strategy are included.
Referring specifically to elements associated with new
product development process and its execution.
C-4
Parry, M. E. (4); Song, M. (4); Harter,
D. E. (3); Huitink, E. J. (3); Calantone,
R. J. (3); Slaughter, S. A. (3);
Guiltinan, J. P. (2); Krishnan, M. S.
(2); Kaufman, P. (2); Rose, R. L. (2);
Jayachandran, S. (2)
Song, M. (6); Parry, M. E. (5); Athaide,
G. A. (4); Calantone, R. J. (4);
Huitink, E. J. (3); Sethi, R. (3)
Bayus, B. L. (3); Kang, W. (2)
No author published more than two
articles relating to this category
Huitink, E. J. (6); Calantone, R. J. (6);
O'Connor, G. C. (5); Griffin, A. (4);
Song, M. (4); Atuahene-Gima, K. (3);
Swink, M. L. (3); de Brentani, U. (3)
No author publish more than 3 articles
relating to this category Bayus, B. L.
(2); Chhajed, D. (2); Hitt, M. A. (2);
Park, S. H. (2); Childers, T. L. (2)
Song, M. (9); Parry, M. E. (3);
Kleinschmidt, E. J. (3); Droge, C. (2);
Vickery, S. K. (2); Salomo, S. (2); de
Brentani, U. (2)
Song, M. (6); Parry, M. E. (4); Souder,
W. E. (4)
Song, M. (10); Moorman, C. (4); Di
Benedetto, C. A. (3); Rothaermel, F. T.
(3); Parry, M. E. (3); Hitt, M. A. (3);
Calantone, R. J. (3)
Song, M. (6); Di Benedetto, C. A. (4);
Atuahene-Girna, K. (3); Sarkar, M. B.
(3); Echambadi, R. (3); Agarwal, R.
(3); Kerin, R. A. (3)
J PROD INNOV MANAG
RANKING OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SCHOLARS
323
2012;29(2):31~331
Table 1. Continued
Definitionb
Top Scholars in This Category
Referring to employment of formalized product
development procedures. New product developing
process and some new product developing tools are
included.
Referring to firm's knowledge and understanding of
specific marketing and technical aspects prior to
product development. The target market, customer
needs, product concept, and product specifications
and requirements are included.
Referring to proficiency of initial screening,
preliminary market and technical assessment,
detailed market study and market research, and
preliminary business/financial analysis.
Referring to proficiency with which a firm conducts its
marketing activities, such as proficiency of service,
advertising, distribution.
Referring to proficiency of product development,
in-house testing of the product or prototype, trial/
pilot production, production start-up, and obtaining
necessary technology are included.
Referring to proficiency with which a firm launches the
productf services, customer tests of prototypes or
samples, test markets/trial selling, launch strategy,
preannouncement are included.
Referring to the speed of the development process or
launch effort. Launch timing, development cycle
time, and first or second to market effects are
included.
Referring to the proficiency of ongoing financial and
business analysis during development, prior to
commercialization and full-scale launch. Go/no-go
decision is included.
Song, M. (6); Loch, C. H. (5);
Griffin, A. (3); Srinivasan, K. (3);
Montoya-Weiss, M. M. (3); Kekre, S.
(3); Souder, W. E. (3)
No author published more than 3 articles
relating to this category
Finn, A. (2); Peng, L. (2); Souder, W. E.
(2)
Category
11. Structural approach (244) (Henard
and Szymanski, 2001)
12. Protocol (64) (Montoya-Weiss and
Calantone, 1994)
13. Predevelopment task proficiency (60)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
14. Marketing task proficiency (52)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
15. Technological proficiency (31)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
16. Launch proficiency (144)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
17. Speed to market (104)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
18. Financial/Business analysis (44)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
19. Costs (38)(Montoya-Weiss and
Calantone, 1994)
Referring to project development cost, production,
R&D, or marketing cost overruns or expenditures
and insufficient project funds are included.
20. Task/project attributes (27)
Referring to new product development project
characteristics, such as project complexity, project
uncertainty, and project prioritization.
Referring to top management's commitment to the
project, as well as their day-to-day involvement,
guidance/direction, and control over the project
development.
Referring to project leader's power, vision, and
management skill.
Referring to new product development team's
attributes, tenure, team member's characteristics, and
team characteristics are included. The ideas of key
individuals (i.e., product champions, gatekeepers)
are also included.
Referring to elements that describe the target market.
21. Senior management (93)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994; Brown and Eisenhardt, 1995;
Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
22. Project leader (59) (Brown and
Eisenhardt, 1995)
23. Team composition (84) (Brown and
Eisenhardt, 1995)
Market environment factors (Henard and
Szymanski, 2001)
24. Market potential (23)
(Montoya-Weiss and
Calantone, 1994)
Referring to market (and demand) size and growth, as
well as an indication of customer need level for the
product type. This measure also indicates the
importance of the product to the customer
C-5
Cooper, R. G. (5); Song, M. (4); Veryzer,
R. W. (3); Verganti, R. (3)
Song, M. (7); Souder, W. E. (4);
Balachander, S. (2)
Song, M. (7); Souder, W. E. (4); Parry,
M. E. (3)
Huitink, E. J. (4); Song, M. (3);
Mahajan, V. (3)
Huitink, E. J. (4); Di Benedetto, C. A.
(3); Bayus, B. L. (3); Terwiesch, C.
(3); Jayaram, J. (3); Song, M. (3)
Weinberg, B. D. (2); Urban, G. L. (2);
Schmidt, J.B. (2); Hauser, J. R. (2);
Song, M. (2); Montoya-Weiss, M. M.
(2); Tzokas, N. X. (2); Calantone, R. J.
(2); Hart, S. J. (2)
Huitink, E. J. (3); Langerak, F. (3);
Griffin, A. (2); Bayus, B. L. (2);
Harter, D. E. (2); Terwiesch, C. (2);
Slaughter, S. A. (2); Atuahene-Gima,
K. (2);
No author published more than two
articles relating to this category
Song, M. (3); Swink, M. L. (3);
de Brentani, U. (3)
McDonough, E. F. ill (3); Song, M. (3);
Souder, W. E. (3)
McDonough, E. F. ill (3); Barczak, G.
(3)
Huitink, E. J. (3); Bayus, B. L. (2);
Parry, M. E. (2); Song, M. (2)
324
J PROD INNOV MANAG
P. YANG AND L. TAO
2012;29(2):319--331
Table 1. Continued
Definitionb
Category
25. Market competitive (include
likelihood of competitive response
and competitive response intensity)
(59) (Henard and Szymanski, 2001)
26. Environment (152) (Montoya-Weiss
and Calantone, 1994)
Organizational factors (Montoya-Weiss
and Calantone, 1994)
27. Internal relations (211)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
28. External relations (235)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
29. Organizational attributes (198)
(Montoya-Weiss and Calantone,
1994)
Top Scholars in This Category
Referring to degree/likelihood and intensity/level of
competitive response to a new product introduction
Hultink, E. J. (3); Song, M. (3);
Calantone, R. J. (3)
Referring to general operating environment faced by
the firm. Risk, country culture, policy, technological
trends, turbulence are included.
Referring to elements that describe organization's
internal and external relationship and organization
attributes.
Referring to coordination and cooperation within the
firm. Communication in and between departments,
cross-functional participation on project, and degree
of interaction are included.
Atuathene-Gima, K. (5); Moorman, C.
(3); Li, H. (3); Schmidt, J. B. (3);
Kahn, K. B. (3); Parry, M. E. (3)
Referring to coordination and cooperation between
firms and other stakeholders. Communication or
information exchange between firms, customer
involvement, supplier involvement, co-development
alliance, and new product developing network are
included.
Referring to organizational structure of the firm.
Organizational climate, size, centralization, reward
structure, and job design are included.
Song, M. (6); Souder, W. E. (6); Kahn,
K. B. (4); Parry, M. E. (4); Swink, M.
L. (4); Calantone, R. J. (4); Moenaert,
R. K. (4); Liker, J. K. (3);
Atuahene-Gima, K. (3)
Song, M. (6); von Hippe!, E. (5);
Rothaermel, F. T. (4); Liker, J. K. (4);
Athaide, G. A. (3); Li, H. (3);
Cristiano, J. J. (3); Srinivasan, K. (3);
Atuahene-Gima, K. (3); Nambisan, S.
(3)
Song, M. (10); Atuahene-Gima, K. (6);
Kleinschmidt, E. J. (5); Souder, W. E.
(4); Parry, M. E. (3); Sethi, R. (3); de
Brentani, U. (3)
• The figure given in parentheses following the title of category presents the number of related articles in each category.
b Definitions of 29 categories except for category 6 and 20 were adopted from Montoya-Weiss and Calantone (1994); Henard and Szymanski (2001); and
Brown and Eisenhardt (1995).
Table 2. Rankings of the World's Top Innovation Management Scholars
Ranking
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
11
13
Authors
Michael Song
Roger J. Calantone
Erik Jan Huitink
Mark E. Parry
Kwaku Atuahene-Gima
C. Anthony Di Benedetto
Abbie Griffin
William E. Souder
Barry L. Bayus
Christoph H. Loch
Kenneth B. Kahn
Robert G. Cooper
Christian Terwiesch
Cornelia Drage
Jeffrey K. Liker
Rudy K. Moenaert
Steven D. Eppinger
Vijay Mahajan
Current Affiliation
University of Missouri-Kansas City
Michigan State University
Delft University of Technology
University of Missouri-Kansas City
China Europe International Business
School
Temple University
University of Utah
Retired
University of North Carolina at
Chapel Hill
INSEAD
Vrrginia Commonwealth University
Retired
University of Pennsylvania
Michigan State University
University of Michigan
Tilburg University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
University of Texas at Austin
C-6
Number of
Articles
Adjusted
Number of
Articles
Ranking
Adjusted
53
24
22
18
17
2
3
4
5
Michael Song
Kwaku Atuahene-Gima
Roger J. Calantone
Erik Jan Huitink
Mark E. Parry
16
14
14
12
6
7
8
9
Barry L. Bayus
Robert G. Cooper
Abbie Griffin
Kenneth B. Kahn
7.50
7.03
6.90
6.50
12
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
12
C. Anthony Di Benedetto
William E. Souder
John E. Ettlie
Morgan L. Swink
Eric von Hippe!
Christoph H. Loch
Gina Colarelli O'Connor
Robert W. Veryzer (Jr.)
Roberto Verganti
6.16
5.67
5.50
5.42
5.37
5.33
4.83
4.83
4.67
13
14
15
16
18
Authors
20.53
11.33
8.75
8.63
7.71
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
RANKING OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENr SCHOLARS
325
Table 2. Continued
Current Affiliation
Ranking
Adjusted
Elko J. Kleinschmidt
Eric von Hippe!
Gloria Barczak
Jinhong Xie
McMaster University
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Northeastern University
University of Florida
9
9
9
9
19
20
Christian Terwiesch
Vijay Mahajan
Gloria Barczak
Edward F. McDonough
Morgan L. Swink
Rajesh K. Chandy
Gerard A. Athaide
Gina Colarelli O'Connor
Henry S. J. Robben
Michael A. Hitt
Mitzi M. Montoya-Weiss
Roberto Verganti
Ulrike de Brentani
Donald R. Lehmann
Edward F. McDonough
Texas Christian University
London Business School
Loyola University Maryland
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Nyenrode Business Universiteit
Texas A&M University
Arizona State University
Politecnico di Milano
Concordia University, Montreal
Columbia University
Northeastern University
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
23
Ulrike de Brentani
John R. Hauser
Frank T. Rothaermel
Macro Iansiti
Jeffrey K. Liker
Steven D. Eppinger
Gerard A. Athaide
Elko J. Kleinschmidt
Haiyang Li
Cornelia Droge
Christine Moorman
4.00
4.00
3.83
3.83
3.75
3.70
3.67
3.53
3.50
3.33
3.33
Frank T. Rothaermel
Fred Langerak
Haiyang Li
Jeffrey B. Schmidt
John E. Ettlie
John R. Hauser
Kannan Srinivasan
Rajesh Sethi
Robert W. Veryzer (Jr.)
S!llren Salomo
Christine Moorman
Marc H. Meyer
Macro Iansiti
Georgia Institute of Technology
Eindhoven University of Technology
Rice University
University of Oklahoma
Rochester Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Carnegie Mellon University
Clarkson University
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Technical University of Denmark
Duke University
Northeastern University
Harvard University
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
3.33
3.33
3.32
3.25
3.25
3.17
3.17
3.00
3.00
3.00
3.00
2.83
2.83
Martin Schreier
Mohan V. Tatikonda
Sunder Kekre
Lisa Z. Song
Dipak C. Jain
Riitta Katila
Venkatesh Shankar
Gerard J. Tellis
Jaideep C. Prabhu
Klaus K. Brockhoff
Christer Karlsson
Nikolaus Franke
Bocconi University
Indiana University-Purdue University
Carnegie Mellon University
University of Missouri-Kansas City
INSEAD
Stanford University
Texas A&M University
University of Southern California
University of Cambridge
Retired
Copenhagen Business School
Vienna Univ. of Economics and
Business
Retired
Tel Aviv University/New York
University
North Carolina State University
Boston University
Georgia Institute of Technology
6
6
6
47
48
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
50
51
Marc H. Meyer
Mohan V. Tatikonda
Rudy K. Moenaert
Jinhong Xie
Mitzi M. Montoya-Weiss
Rajesh K. Chandy
Klaus K. Brockhoff
Riitta Katila
Venkatesh Shankar
Angela Paladino
Willow A. Sheremata
Fred Langerak
Subramanian
Balachander
Henry S. J. Robben
Rajesh Sethi
Martin Schreier
Gerard J. Tellis
Donald R. Lehmann
Stephen R. Rosenthal
Albert L. Page
Gautam Ahuja
Mohan Subramaniam
Erwin Danneels
John P. Workman, Jr.
Ludwig Bstieler
2.70
2.67
2.67
2.58
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
2.50
Ulrich Lichtenthaler
Michael A. Hitt
2.50
2.33
Jeffrey B. Schmidt
Christer Karlsson
Stylianos (Stelios)
Kavadias
Robert T. Keller
2.33
2.33
2.33
Vittorio Chiesa
S!llren Salomo
Robert B. Handfield
2.33
2.25
2.25
Authors
Ranking
19
Number of
Articles
Adjusted
Number of
Articles
Authors
4.33
4.17
4.17
4.17
m
25
32
25
27
28
29
30
31
32
m
44
50
Orville C. Walker, Jr.
Eitan Muller
Robert B. Handfield
Stephen R. Rosenthal
Stylianos Kavadias
Subramanian
Balachander
Susan J. Hart
Vish Krishnan
Gary S. Lynn
5
5
39
41
45
60
5
5
5
Purdue University
5
University of Strathclyde
University of California, San Diego
Stevens Institute of Technology
5
5
5
C-7
36
37
66
2.33
I
326
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
P. YANG AND L. TAO
Table 3. Rankings of the World's Top Innovation Management Scholars Based on Eight Top Management and
Marketing Journals (Excluding ]PIM and IEEE)•
Ranking
2
4
6
13
27
35
Authors
Michael Song
Barry L. Bayus
Rajesh K. Chandy
Kwaku Atuahene-Gima
Michael A. Hitt
Christian Terwiesch
Christine Moorman
Christoph H. Loch
Donald R. Lehmann
Eric von Hippel
Jinhong Xie
Steven D. Eppinger
C. Anthony Di Benedetto
Frank T. Rothaermel
Haiyang Li
Jaideep C. Prabhu
John R. Hauser
Kannan Srinivasan
Morgan L. Swink
Riitta Katila
Roger J. Calantone
Stylianos (Stelios) Kavadias
Sunder Kekre
Vish Krishnan
Venkatesh Shankar
Vijay Mahajan
Gerard J. Tellis
Glen L. Urban
Jacob Goldenberg
Jehoshua Eliashberg
Karl Ulrich
Robert E. Hoskisson
Subramanian Balachander
William Boulding
Anne S. Miner
Bruce D. Weinberg
Cornelia Droge
Daniel E. Whitney
Dipak C. Jain
Donald Gerwin
Eitan Muller
Frank M. Bass
Gary L. Lilien
Gautam Ahuja
Hubert Gatignon
Jeffrey S. Harrison
John E. Ettlie
Kamel Jedidi
Kathleen M. Eisenhardt
Koen H. Pauwels
M. B. Sarkar
Macro Iansiti
Mark A. Vonderembse
Number of
Articlesb
Ranking
Adjusted
15
9
9
2
3
4
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
6
7
8
11
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
13
14
16
21
22
25
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
31
34
36
38
53
C-8
Authors
Number of
Articles Adjusted'
Michael Song
Barry L. Bayus
Kwaku Atuahene-Gima
Eric von Hippe!
Christine Moorman
Rajesh K. Chandy
Morgan L. Swink
Riitta Katila
Venkatesh Shankar
John E. Ettlie
Christoph H. Loch
Frank T. Rothaermel
Christian Terwiesch
Haiyang Li
John R. Hauser
Michael A. Hitt
Stylianos (Stelios) Kavadias
Vish Krishnan
Subramanian Balachander
Robert T. Keller
Jinhong Xie
Donald R. Lehmann
Steven D. Eppinger
Vijay Mahajan
Roger J. Calantone
Frank M. Bass
Gautam Ahuja
Wenpin Tsai
Melissa A. Schilling
Willow A. Sheremata
Donald Gerwin
Macro Iansiti
Rajesh Sethi
C. Anthony Di Benedetto
Jaideep C. Prabhu
Gerard J. Tellis
Karl Ulrich
Jehoshua Eliashberg
William Boulding
Hubert Gatignon
Kathleen M. Eisenhardt
Mark E. Parry
Abbie Griffin
Ashwin W. Joshi
Constance E. Helfat
Deborah Dougherty
Dorothy Leonard-Barton
Henrich R. Greve
John P. Workman, Jr.
Peter W. Roberts
Stefan H. Thomke
Toby E. Stuart
Glen L. Urban
5.62
5.17
5.00
3.53
3.33
3.17
3.08
3.00
3.00
3.00
2.83
2.83
2.67
2.50
2.50
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.33
2.25
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
2.00
1.83
1.83
1.83
1.67
1.67
1.58
1.58
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
l.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
l.50
1.50
1.33
RANKING OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SCHOLARS
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
327
Table3. Continued
Ranking
Authors
Number of
Articlesh
Mark E. Parry
Mitzi M. Montoya-Weiss
Mohan V. Tatikonda
QiongWang
Raj Echambadi
Rajesh Sethi
Rajshree Agarwal
Richard Staelin
Robert T. Keller
Sandra A. Slaughter
Sanjay Jain
Sridhar Balasubramanian
Stephen G. Green
Stefan Stremersch
Surendra Rajiv
TeckH. Ho
Trichy V. Krishnan
Wenpin Tsai
William Doll
William T. (Bill) Robinson
Xenophon Koufteros
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Ranking
Adjusted
65
66
67
69
70
76
78
79
Authors
Anne S. Miner
Dipak C. Jain
Eitan Muller
Mitzi M. Montoya-Weiss
MohanV. Tatikonda
William T. (Bill) Robinson
Corey Phelps
Jennifer W. Spencer
Jiirgen Mihm
Morten T. Hansen
Steve Hoeffler
William S. (Bill) Lovejoy
Kannan Srinivasan
Jacob Goldenberg
Kamel Jedidi
Sunder Kekre
Richard Staelin
Sandra A. Slaughter
Sanjay Jain
Sridhar Balasubramanian
Trichy V. Krishnan
Daniel Tzabbar
M. B. Sarkar
Mark A. Vonderembse
Rajshree Agarwal
Robert E. Hoskisson
Gary L. Lilien
QiongWang
Number of
Articles Adjusted'
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.33
1.32
1.25
1.25
1.23
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.17
1.08
1.08
1.05
1.03
1.03
1.03
•The eight top management and marketing journals are Strategic Management Journal, Management Science, Administrative Science Quanerly, Academy
of Management Review, Academy ofManagement Journal, Journal of Operations Management, Journal of Marketing, and Journal of Marketing Research.
b Number of articles was computed by giving full credit for each author of an article.
' Number of articles adjusted was computed by equally dividing one point among the authors of an article.
Affiliations of 1718 scholars were obtained from
web sites. For visiting positions, the permanent university affiliation rather than the temporary affiliation was
used. 26 scholars who retired or passed away and 120
scholars who lack a university affiliation were excluded
from the calculation. In addition, the total number (full
credit to all co-contributors) and adjusted number
(weighted method) for the remaining 1572 scholars
were computed for each university. The results are presented in Table 4.
The top 100 universities include 110 universities due
to ties in the publications. This paper demarcates the top
50 universities as "first tier'' and the remaining universities as "second tier" for current innovation management
research capabilities. Based on the number of current
faculty's research publications in the 10 top journals, the
world's top 10 universities (including 11 universities due
to the case of ties) in innovation management research
C-9
are: (1) University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC), (2)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), (3) Michigan State University (MSU), (4) INSEAD, (5) Harvard
University and University of Pennsylvania (UPenn), (7)
Northeastern University and Texas A&M University, (9)
Stanford University, (10) Temple University and (10)
Delft University of Technology (Delf).
Follow-up research was performed to examine how
the top 10 universities established their reputation in
innovation management research. Based on the analyses,
there are three strategies: (1) building on existing university reputation, (2) retaining productive scholars, and (3)
attracting the best faculty using new strategic focus. It is
not surprising to find MIT, INSEAD, Harvard, UPenn,
Texas A&M, and Stanford in the top 10. Capitalizing on
their excellent overall university reputation, these universities have attracted faculty to advance their innovation
management research.
l
328
P. YANG AND L. TAO
I PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
Table 4. Rankings of World's Top Innovation Management Universitiesa
Ranking
First Tier
1
2
3
4
5
7
9
10
12
13
15
17
19
21
25
26
29
32
36
37
43
46
l
Universities
Number of
Articlesb
Ranking
Adjusted
University of Missouri-Kansas City
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Michigan State University
INSEAD
Harvard University
University of Pennsylvania
Northeastern University
Texas A&M University
Stanford University
Delft University of Technology
Temple University
University of Michigan
Carnegie Mellon University
Duke University
Arizona State University
University of lliinois at Urbana-Champaign
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
University of Utah
London Business School
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Boston University
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Georgia Institute of Technology
University of Texas at Austin
China Europe International Business School
Columbia University
New York University
North Carolina State University
Clarkson University
Purdue University
Tilburg University
Eindhoven University of Technology
Indiana University, Bloomington
University of Groningen
University of Minnesota
University of Maryland
Copenhagen Business School
Emory University
McMaster University
National University of Singapore
Politecnico di Milano
WHU-Otto Beisheim School of Management
Dartmouth College
Pennsylvania State University
University of California, Los Angeles
Bocconi University
Nyenrode Business Universiteit
Texas Christian University
University of Southern California
University of Twente
78
53
51
41
38
38
37
37
32
29
29
27
26
26
25
25
24
24
23
23
22
22
22
22
21
20
20
20
19
19
19
18
18
18
18
17
16
16
16
16
16
16
15
15
15
14
14
14
14
14
1
2
3
4
C-10
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
50
Universities
Number of
Articles
Adjusted'
Michigan State University
University of Missouri-Kansas City
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Harvard University
Northeastern University
INSEAD
University of Pennsylvania
Stanford University
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
China Europe International Business School
Texas A&M University
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
University of Utah
Duke University
Delft University of Technology
New York University
Temple University
University of Michigan
Arizona State University
London Business School
Georgia Institute of Technology
Boston University
University of lliinois at Urbana-Champaign
Politecnico di Milano
University of Texas at Austin
Carnegie Mellon University
WHU-Otto Beisheirn School of Management
North Carolina State University
Purdue University
University of Minnesota
Copenhagen Business School
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Columbia University
Emory University
Clarkson University
University of California, Los Angeles
Dartmouth College
Texas Christian University
Indiana University, Bloomington
McMaster University
York University
Babson College
Pennsylvania State University
National University of Singapore
Rochester Institute of Technology
Vrrginia Commonwealth University
Vienna University of Economics and Business
Chalmers University of Technology
Eindhoven University of Technology
University of Maryland
44.44
30.65
25.48
21.95
19.16
18.71
17.07
15.00
14.49
13.66
13.57
13.49
11.89
11.57
11.46
11.33
11.15
10.89
10.15
10.15
10.07
9.98
9.73
9.16
8.99
8.77
8.66
8.41
8.40
8.33
8.26
8.08
7.99
7.91
7.75
7.66
7.58
7.33
7.32
7.11
7.00
6.92
6.77
6.76
6.75
6.50
6.39
6.32
6.32
6.31
RANKING OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT SCHOLARS
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
329
Table 4. Continued
Second Tier
51 Northwestern University
Rice University
University of Cincinnati
University of South Carolina
55 Babson College
Chalmers University of Technology
Cornell University
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Stevens Institute of Technology
University of Cambridge
University of Florida
Vienna University of Economics and Business
63 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
Loyola University Maryland
University of Manchester
Vrrginia Commonwealth University
67 Colorado State University
Concordia University, Montreal
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Rochester Institute of Technology
Simon Fraser University
Southern Methodist University
University of California, San Diego
University of Virginia
York University
76 University of California, Berkeley
University of Illinois at Chicago
University of Oklahoma
University of Pittsburgh
University of Texas at Dallas
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Washington University in St. Louis
83 Boston College
Carleton University
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
University of Toledo
University of Washington
University of Western Ontario
89 Technical University of Denmark
Florida State University
Santa Clara University
University of Houston
University of Strathclyde
94 Ecole Polytechnique de Montreal
ES SEC
George Mason University
George Washington University
HEC Paris
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Northern Illinois University
Pace University
San Francisco State University
Tel Aviv University
Thunderbird School of Global Management
13
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
C-11
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
68
69
70
71
72
74
75
76
79
80
81
82
83
85
86
87
88
89
91
92
93
94
97
99
Tilburg University
Rice University
Bocconi University
University of Groningen
University of South Carolina
Northwestern University
Loyola University Maryland
Cornell University
University of Illinois at Chicago
Concordia University, Montreal
Nyemode Business Universiteit
Stevens Institute of Technology
Boston College
University of Cincinnati
University of Vrrginia
Simon Fraser University
University of Florida
University of Melbourne
University of Wisconsin-Madison
University of Southern California
University of California, San Diego
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
University of Cambridge
University of Texas at Dallas
University of Central Florida
Carleton University
University of Twente
University of Western Ontario
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
ES SEC
Colorado State University
Southern Methodist University
University of New Hampshire
University of Pittsburgh
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
University of Manchester
University of Houston
HEC Paris
Washington University in St. Louis
Vanderbilt University
George Mason University
University of Washington
Northern Illinois University
San Francisco State University
University of Oklahoma
George Washington University
University of California, Berkeley
Florida State University
Georgetown University
New Jersey Institute of Technology
6.18
6.08
5.90
5.82
5.48
5.24
5.17
5.15
4.99
4.83
4.78
4.67
4.66
4.65
4.61
4.58
4.58
4.50
4.49
4.33
4.23
4.16
4.16
4.08
4.00
3.99
3.99
3.99
3.92
3.91
3.83
3.75
3.67
3.67
3.66
3.64
3.49
3.41
3.33
3.33
3.32
3.08
3.07
3.00
3.00
3.00
2.99
2.99
2.83
2.83
2.83
330
P. YANGANDL. TAO
J PROD INNOV MANAG
2012;29(2):319-331
Table 4. Continued
6
6
6
6
6
6
Tulane University
University of Arizona
University of British Columbia
University of Iowa
University of Memphis
University of New Hampshire
•This ranking is based on the aggregation of current faculty's all previous articles published in the 10 top journals between 1991 and 2010. The original
university rather than universities where they hold visiting scholar position, and concurrent post was used as the scholar's current affiliation.
h Number of articles was computed following three steps: (1) All 1572 scholars' current affiliations were found; (2) Each scholar's number of articles was
computed by giving full credit for each author of an article; and (3) The number of articles of each university was computed by summing up their current
faculty's number of articles.
c Number of articles adjusted was computed following three steps: (1) All 1572 scholars' current affiliations were found; (2) Each scholar's adjusted number
of articles was computed by equally dividing one point among the authors of an article; and (3) The adjusted number of articles of each university was
computed by summing up their current faculty's adjusted number of articles.
The remaining universities appear to pursue two different strategies. Employing the strategy of "retaining
productive scholars," MSU, Northeastern, Temple, and
Delft have done an excellent job in retaining top innovation management faculty for a long time. On the other
hand, UMKC pursued a strategy of "attracting the best
faculty using new strategic focus." In line with Kansas
City's entrepreneurial culture, UMKC created a strategic
focus in entrepreneurship and innovation in 2004 and
recruited Michael Song. It provided permanent university
funding, secured private and foundation funding,
recruited seven productive innovation scholars, and
created a permanent academic Department of Global
Entrepreneurship and Innovation in the Henry W. Bloch
School of Management led by a new dean with entrepreneurship and innovation expertise. UMKC's success provides a model for universities aspiring to create and foster
excellence in a particular discipline of academic excellence. Any of the three strategies highlighted above could
be equally successful in creating research excellence and
enhancing university reputation in research and knowledge creation.
Conclusion
This paper collected research publication data from 10
top academic journals that published significant numbers
of innovation management articles between 1991 and
2010. Based on the data, this paper provides a ranking for
the world's top innovation management scholars and top
10 innovation management universities. This paper also
identified product price and product technological
sophistication as under-researched areas. Our ranking has
several limitations. First, research publication in top academic journals is only one measure of individual or university prestige and quality. While many scholars from
C-12
highly prest:Ig1ous universities are among the leading
scholars included here, some scholars from other universities with strong academic reputations are not represented. There are two possible reasons for the exclusion.
First, their innovation management research faculty is
relatively small compared to other universities. Second,
faculty in those universities may have focused on publishing books, preparing conference proceedings, or submitting to nontop academic journals. Another limitation
is that this paper used a relatively simplistic, count-based
approach. Citation impact and faculty size were not considered in this paper. Some scholars have used citation
impact (e.g., Boyd, Finkelstein, and Gove, 2005; Peng
and Zhou, 2006; Tahai and Meyer, 1999) and examined
per capita publication to rank universities (e.g., Hix,
2004; Stahl et al., 1988).
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