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The Nun by Denis Diderot
Denis Diderot
Diderot's The The Nun Nun (La Religieuse) is the likely precise tale of a tender woman
pressured by means of her mom and dad to go The Nun into a convent and take holy orders. a
singular mingling mysticism, madness, sadistic cruelty and nascent sexuality, it supplies a
scathing perception into the consequences of compelled vocations and the unnatural lifetime of
the convent. A succès de scandale on the finish of the eighteenth century, it has attracted and
unsettled readers ever since. For Diderot's novel isn't easily a narrative of a tender lady with a
foul habit; it's also a powerfully emblematic myth approximately oppression and intolerance.This
new translation comprises Diderot's all-important prefatory material, which he placed,
disconcertingly, on the finish of the novel, and which turns what in a different way The Nun
appears like an workout in realism into what's now considered as a masterpiece of protomodernist fiction.
'En verdad, solo vivía porque ellas deseaban mi muerte. El encarnizamiento en hacer el mal, en
atormentar, se cansa en el mundo; pero no The Nun en los claustros.'Segunda vez que me leo
esta novela, devorada de un tirón en un solo día, sin poder dormir hasta terminarla. Con ella no
puedo simular ser objetivo, pues mueve a l. a. emoción y a los angeles denuncia a través de l.
a. empatía. 'La religiosa' fue una obra imprescindible y muy necesaria en el momento de su
publicación, pero no ha envejecido nada en su grito de fondo, de auxilio, ni en su aspecto
formal. Fruto agrio y poco agradable, con el pulso sencillo pero firme de uno de los pensadores
más acerados del siglo XVIII, Denis Diderot, que se inspiró en l. a. historia genuine de Susana
Simonin, l. a. monja que pedía ser retirada de sus votos; en una época en l. a. que las leyes del
Derecho Canónico iban a misa (nunca mejor dicho), los obispos decidían en muchos casos
sobre el poder civil, y dentro de los muros de un convento a veces no llegaba ninguna ley. los
angeles novela está escrita en primera persona, como una larga correspondencia que l. a.
propia Susana manda a un posible protector, el marqués de Croixmare, en los angeles que le
cuenta su vida y lo que los angeles ha llevado al triste estado en que se encuentra.Diderot
comienza mostrando el problema de los angeles falta de libertad del ser humano para gobernar
su destino, y lo muestra a los angeles perfección con el caso de Susana, una joven aborrecida
por su padre, fruto de una relación extra-matrimonial de su madre, The Nun y obligada dadas
las circunstancias a quedarse sin dote para entrar silenciosamente en un convento de por vida,
evitando escándalos. Y aquí llega el problema, planteado de modo tan sencillo como
contundente: Susana no quiere ser monja. '¿Quieres profesar?- No, señora.- ¿No sientes gusto
alguno por el estado religioso?- No, señora.- ¿Qué quieres ser, pues?- Cualquier cosa, excepto
religiosa. No quiero serlo y no lo seré'.A partir de aquí vendrán los engaños y los chantajes
emocionales de parte de su madre, su confesor y las propias monjas, que llevarán a Susana a
montar un escándalo, primero, y luego a aceptar resignadamente su destino. Diderot, perro
viejo y buen conocedor de las relaciones humanas, muestra su genio en l. a. definición
psicológica de los personajes, así como l. a. evolución de los angeles propia Susana. Una
primera superiora, anciana maternalista, acoge de buena fe a los angeles joven como su
preferida, triste al constatar que no tiene ninguna vocación religiosa. Esta anciana, a pesar de
su buena intención, fue para Susana los angeles perdición, pues sus miramientos y las muchas
razones que le dio para convencerla de que l. a. vida, fuera del convento, sería para ella mucho
peor, amansaron a Susana y l. a. ataron a los votos perpetuos. ''El cambio del hábito religioso
por el vestido seglar es los angeles única cosa que recuerdo; a partir de este instante fui lo que
se llama una alienada''. Fallecida l. a. anciana, poco después, llega al convento una nueva
superiora, cuya primera decisión será tratocar todo el orden impuesto por los angeles anterior,
para imponer el suyo propio. Y Susana, que había sido una de las preferidas de los angeles
anterior superiora, pasa ahora a ser despreciada. los angeles narradora gana fuerza y
resolución y se convierte en una monja ejemplar, legalista, sin hacer nada más de lo que
debería pedírsele, pero tampoco menos. El rigor de l. a. nueva superiora, ayudado de los odios
y envidias entre las hermanas, ayudan a hacer de Susana, progresivamente, el objeto de
maltrato de todas; l. a. joven sufrirá todo tipo de vejaciones, cayendo en una fuerte depresión y
contemplando l. a. proposal del suicidio. Ahora, el inicial problema de l. a. falta de libertad se
transforma en un sinfín de problemas y denuncias sociales: l. a. alienación el individuo,
aplastado por un sistema perverso, y a su vez los angeles formación de ese propio sistema The
Nun perverso. Para Diderot, anticristiano hasta el tuétano, pocas cosas representaban mejor
los angeles corrupción social en forma de microcosmos que un convento.Susana, en plena
persecución diaria a manos de sus hermanas, reúne fuerzas y prueba un último recurso para
abandonar el hábito religioso, apelando al obispo y a los angeles ley The Nun civil. Para ello,
consigue un abogado sensibilizado con su causa, que se empeña a fondo en ayudarla. los
angeles superiora y sus secuaces convierten entonces a l. a. joven en una endemoniada, de
cara a los angeles opinión pública, e intentan desequilibrarla psychological y físicamente.
Supera Susana estas pruebas y, aunque fracasa su tentativa de renegar de los votos, por el
excesivo poder y decisión del obispado sobre los jueces, consigue al menos su abogado que
los angeles envíen a un nuevo convento para que pueda vivir con tranquilidad el resto de su
vida. l. a. nueva casa es gobernada arbitrariamente por una superiora de ánimo caprichoso y
temperamental, pero Susana se convierte pronto en su nueva favorita, gozando de l. a.
tranquilidad que necesitaba, al The Nun menos hasta que l. a. superiora comienza a demostrar
una inclinación obsesiva hacia ella. Esta madre superiora es quizás el personaje secundario
más interesante de l. a. obra, y Diderot retrata muy bien sus pasiones ocultas, su psicología de
dependencia y culpabilidad, así como el efecto que ejerce en el resto de los angeles
comunidad. Considerándose su protectora, e incluso creyéndoselo ella misma, intenta por
todos los medios seducir a Susana, a quien trata como una presa de l. a. que espera no solo
favores sexuales, sino también gratitud y dependencia por igual. Dándose cuenta tarde de que
su intimidad con l. a. superiora es todo menos una relación sana y ordinary entre monjas,
Susana se siente enfermar y rechaza con violencia cualquier contacto con l. a. otra, que cae en
l. a. desesperación de verse rechazada, pasando en su proceso por distintas fases. Tras todo
esto, nuestra protagonista sufre a nuevas persecuciones de parte de sus The Nun hermanas,
que por superstición l. a. acusan de haber embrujado a los angeles superiora y, finalmente,
escapa del convento ayudada por su fraile confesor, que resulta ser otro embaucador. Así que
queda Susana sola, como una fugitiva buscada por las autoridades, motivo de chistes e
incomprensiones de parte de las gentes de los angeles calle; los que en su día sintieron pena
por su historia, su abogado, sus padres, The Nun todo su anterior mundo ha desaparecido.
Olvidada por el mundo, ahora trabaja como criada The Nun en una posada, bajo otra identidad.
Vive casi en los angeles indigencia y el trabajo es duro, pero al menos ya no es religiosa, como
ella quería. Escribe esta historia al marqués - y al lector -pidiéndoles ayuda. El ultimate es
amargo e interrogante, y podemos entender que de futuro bastante oscuro. Con 'La religiosa',
Denis Diderot realiza una crítica cruda al mundo monacal, a l. a. religión institucionalizada y a l.
a. superstición que gobierna el mundo. Pero esto no se queda aquí: Susana Simonin
representa en sí misma a todos los alienados, las víctimas del The Nun sistema corrupto. El
hecho de que sea mujer - hay aquí bastante de alegato feminista -, y dejada de los angeles
mano de Dios por sus padres, anula todos sus méritos e inteligencia ante el mundo. El mundo,
por cierto, que los angeles acabará ignorando. El remate ultimate de l. a. obra es sencillamente
genial, pues Diderot, que en todo momento ha pintado a su protagonista como una joven muy
atractiva, l. a. hace decir en su carta que no ha mentido en nada, salvo en su aspecto físico.
'¿Será porque creemos a los hombres menos sensibles a l. a. pintura de nuestras penas que a
los angeles imagen de nuestros encantos? ¿Nos prometemos acaso más ventajas
seduciéndolos que emocionándolos?' Hasta ahora habéis seguido los angeles historia de una
joven inocente y hermosa, pero, ¿y si no lo fuera? ¿y los demás? Nada más que
añadir.'¿Dónde se ven mentes obsesionadas por espectros impuros que las siguen y las
perturban? ¿Dónde este profundo fastidio, esa palidez, ese enflaquecer, todos los síntomas de
los angeles naturaleza que languidece y se consume? ¿Dónde las noches son turbadas por los
gemidos, los días empapados de lágrimas derramadas sin motivo, precedidas de una
melancolía que nadie sabe a qué atribuir? ¿Dónde los angeles naturaleza, sublevada por una
sujeción para los angeles que no está hecha, rompe los obstáculos que se le oponen, tórnase
furiosa y lanza l. a. economía animal a un desorden que no tiene ya remedio? ¿En qué sitio los
angeles tristeza y el mal humor han aniquilado todas las cualidades sociales? ¿Dónde no existe
padre, ni hermano, ni hermana, ni amigo? ¿Dónde el lugar de los angeles servitud y el
despotismo? ¿Dónde los odios que nunca se extinguen? ¿Dónde las pasiones encubiertas en
silencio? ¿Dónde l. a. morada de l. a. crueldad y los angeles curiosidad?'
The Nun
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