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ch 4 review 2015
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
____
1. Speed is a variable that tells you how fast something is going and in what direction.
_________________________
____
2. A steeper line on position vs. time graph means a slower speed. _________________________
____
3. When there is acceleration, a position vs. time graph is a curve. _________________________
____
4. Displacement includes both distance and direction. _________________________
____
5. Motion occurs when there is a change in speed. _________________________
____
6. If you were trying to get out of the way of a storm, you would need to know the speed at which it was
moving. _________________________
____
7. Acceleration occurs when velocity changes. _________________________
____
8. If you roll a ball up a hill, it undergoes positive acceleration. _________________________
____
9. When you push on a sled and it begins to go downhill, you cause negative acceleration.
_________________________
Completion
Complete each statement.
Select the correct term to complete each sentence. Terms may be used more than once.
constant
speed
positive
average
acceleration
velocity
frames of reference
curved
displacement
instantaneous
distance
10
vectors
acclerate
direction
negative
resultant vector
initial
final
10. The total distance traveled divided by the total time of a trip is called ____________________ speed.
11. Speed that stays the same is called ____________________ speed.
12. The speed you have at a specific point in your journey is best called ____________________ speed.
13. The rate of change in the velocity of an object is called ____________________.
14. ____________________ is a measure of how far an object has moved.
15. The speed and direction with which an object moves is its ____________________.
16. The distance an object travels per unit of time is ____________________.
17. The slope of the distance-time graph gives the ____________________.
18. Acceleration occurs when an object changes its ____________________ or ____________________ or both.
19. An object changing its speed from 10 m/s to 3 m/s is undergoing ____________________ acceleration.
20. As a car slows down approaching a red traffic light its ____________________ is negative.
21. When calculating acceleration, to find the change in velocity, you subtract the ____________________
velocity from the ____________________ velocity.
22. The motion of an object looks different to observers in different ______________________________.
23. The direction and length of a straight line from the starting point to the ending point of an object’s motion is
____________________.
24. Displacement and velocity are examples of ____________________ because they have both magnitude and
direction.
25. The sum of two or more vectors is called the _________________________.
26. A car’s speedometer measures _________________________.
27. The difference between speed and velocity is that velocity indicates the ____________________ of motion
and speed does not.
28. A distance-time graph indicates an object moves 20 km in 2 h. The average speed of the object is
____________________ km/h.
29. A moving object does not ____________________ if its velocity remains constant.
30. A car that increases its speed from 20 km/h to 100 km/h undergoes ____________________ acceleration.
31. A constant slope on a distance-time graph indicates ____________________ speed.
32. Because its ____________________ is always changing, an object moving in a circular path experiences a
constant change in velocity.
33. Accelerated motion is represented by a(an) ____________________ line on a distance-time graph.
Matching
Choose the type of acceleration from the list below that would BEST describe the motion of the objects
described. Types of acceleration may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
a. positive acceleration
b. negative acceleration
c. no acceleration
____ 34. A car traveling straight on a highway at 60 mph using cruise control
____ 35. A motorcycle slowing down
____ 36. A baseball dropped from the roof of a building
____ 37. A girl on a skateboard going around a corner at a speed of 3 m/s
____ 38. A truck parked at a rest area
Short Answer
39. A truck travels to and from a stone quarry that is located 2.5 km to the east. What is its distance? What is its
displacement?
40. A car is driving down a road. Is it possible for its position to be changing and its acceleration to be zero? Is it
possible for its velocity to be changing and its acceleration to be zero?
41. A car has an acceleration of –5 m/s2. Describe the car’s motion.
Problem
42. A cross-country runner runs 10 km in 40 minutes. What is his average speed?
43. A high speed train travels with an average speed of 227 km/h. The train travels for 2 h. How far does the train
travel?
44. Find the acceleration of a car that goes from 32 m/s to 96 m/s in 8.0 s.
ch 4 review
Answer Section
MODIFIED TRUE/FALSE
1. ANS: F, velocity
PTS: 1
2. ANS: F
faster
greater
DIF: basic
REF: section 4.1
PTS:
3. ANS:
REF:
4. ANS:
OBJ:
5. ANS:
DIF: basic
REF: section 4.2
PTS: 1
1
T
section 4.3
T
1/1
F, position
DIF:
basic
PTS: 1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2
DIF:
B
PTS: 1
6. ANS: F, velocity
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2
PTS:
7. ANS:
OBJ:
8. ANS:
1
T
4/2
F, negative
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
PTS: 1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2
DIF: B
PTS: 1
9. ANS: F, positive
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
DIF: basic
REF: section 4.1
PTS: 1
DIF: basic
12. ANS: instantaneous
REF: section 4.1
PTS: 1
13. ANS: acceleration
DIF: basic
REF: section 4.1
PTS: 1
14. ANS: Distance
DIF: basic
REF: section 4.3
PTS: 1
COMPLETION
10. ANS: average
PTS: 1
11. ANS: constant
PTS: 1
15. ANS: velocity
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2
PTS: 1
16. ANS: speed
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
PTS: 1
17. ANS: speed
DIF: B
OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 3/1
STA: PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3 | SI.B.7.7 | SI.B.8.3
18. ANS: speed, direction
PTS: 1
19. ANS: negative
DIF: B
OBJ: 4/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
PTS: 1
20. ANS: acceleration
DIF: B
OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
PTS: 1
21. ANS: initial, final
DIF: B
OBJ: 5/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
PTS: 1
DIF: B
22. ANS: frames of reference
OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3 | SI.B.8.4
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
23. ANS: displacement
OBJ: 11.1.1
PTS: 1
24. ANS: vectors
DIF: L1
OBJ: 11.1.3
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
25. ANS: resultant vector
OBJ: 11.1.3
PTS: 1
DIF: L1
26. ANS: instantaneous speed
OBJ: 11.1.4
PTS: 1
27. ANS: direction
DIF: L1
OBJ: 11.2.2
PTS: 1
28. ANS: 10
DIF: L1
OBJ: 11.2.3
PTS: 1
29. ANS: accelerate
DIF: L2
OBJ: 11.2.4
PTS: 1
30. ANS: positive
DIF: L1
OBJ: 11.3.1
PTS: 1
31. ANS: constant
DIF: L2
OBJ: 11.3.5
PTS: 1
32. ANS: direction
DIF: L2
OBJ: 11.2.3
PTS: 1
33. ANS: curved
DIF: L1
OBJ: 11.2.5
PTS: 1
DIF: L2
OBJ: 11.3.4
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
PTS:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
DIF:
MATCHING
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
C
B
A
A
C
1
1
1
1
1
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
intermediate
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
REF:
section 4.3
section 4.3
section 4.3
section 4.3
section 4.3
SHORT ANSWER
39. ANS:
5 km, 0 km
PTS: 1
DIF: B
OBJ: 1/1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | SI.B.8.4
40. ANS:
Yes, it could have constant speed. No, a change in velocity is always an acceleration.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 4/2
41. ANS:
The car is slowing down at the rate of 5 m/s every second.
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 5/2
PROBLEM
42. ANS:
s = d/t = 10 km/40 min = 0.25 km/min
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3 | SI.B.8.4
43. ANS:
d = s  y = 227 km/h  (2.00 h) = 454 km
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 2/1
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3 | SI.B.8.4
44. ANS:
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3
vf – vi/t = (96 m/s – 32 m/s)/ 8.0 s = 8.0 m/s2
PTS: 1
DIF: A
OBJ: 6/2
STA: PS.B.8.1 | PS.B.8.2 | PS.B.8.3 | SI.B.8.4