1. Art and Diseño

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT
For
THAGADUR CHROMITE MINE
TOTAL EXTENT: 614.99 Ha & ML No. 2477
EXPANSION OF CAPACITY FROM 0.26 LTPA TO 1.062 LTPA
Of
M/s. MYSORE MINERALS LIMITED
AT
THAGADUR VILLAGE,
CHANNARAYAPATANA TALUK, HASSAN DISTRICT,
KARNATAKA STATE
ENVIRONMENT CONSULTANT
METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
(QCI/NABET Accredited EIA Consultant)
BENGALURU, KARNATAKA
December 2014
No. J-11015/212/2009- IA-II (M)
Government of India
Ministry of Environment & Forests
Tel no. 24363973
E mail: [email protected]
Paryavaran Bhavan, C.G.O. Complex,
Lodi Road, New Delhi-110003
Dated: December 17th, 2009.
To
The Executive Director
M/s. Mysore Minerals Ltd.
(A Govt. of Karnataka Under taking)
No. 39, Mahatma Gandhi Road,
Post Box No. 5046, Bangalore- 560 001,
Karnataka.
Ph: 080 - 25580373 to 25580375, Fax: 080 – 25583172
Sub:
Thagadur Chromite Mines of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited, located at
Post Thagadur, Taluka Channarayapatana, District Hassan, State Karnataka (ML area 614.99
ha) reg TOR.
Sir,
This is to inform that the above proposal was considered by the Expert Appraisal Committee2(Mining) during its 3rd meeting held during 16-17th November, 2009 for determination of the Terms
of Reference(TORs) for undertaking detailed EIA study in accordance with the provisions of the
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification dated 14th September, 2006.
2.
The Committee has prescribed following Terms of Reference for preparation of the EIA/EMP
report:
i)
Executive summary of the project indicating relevant details shall be provided and issues
raised in public hearing along with action plan to address the same shall be provided in tabular form
including requisite allocation of funds.
ii)
Detail contact address of the project proponent including telephone numbers, e-mail ID etc
shall be provided. Request for consideration for environmental clearance or any other
communication regarding the project shall be made by the project proponent/ authorized person
and not by its legal representative / consultant.
iii)
Executive summary of the project indicating relevant details shall be provided and issues
raised in public hearing along with action plan to address the same shall be provided in tabular form
including requisite allocation of funds.
iv)
A copy of lease deed allocated (lease execution) in the name of the company shall be
provided along with mining plan (including progressive mine closure plan).
1
v)
Detailed hydro-geological study shall be carried out from an institute of repute. The study
shall suggest detail mitigation measures for prevention of likely adverse impact on ground and
surface water regime in the area.
vi)
Layout plan indicating break-up of lease area indicating area for excavation for mining, waste
dump, mineral storage, top soil storage, green belt, infrastructure, roads shall be provided
vii)
Photograph of the mine lease area, where mining activity is proposed to be undertaken shall
be provided.
viii)
Satellite imagery indicating drainage, cropping pattern, water bodies (rivers, nallahs, ponds
etc.), location of nearest villages, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, tiger reserves, biosphere
reserves, heritage sites etc in the core and buffer zone shall be provided. Exact coordinates of the
plant location shall be given on imagery of the area covering at least 10km radius with latitude and
longitude and mine site superimposed on imagery.
ix)
Detailed action plan for reclamation of mined pit before working subsequent mineral bearing
area shall be prepared.
x)
Action Plan for preservation of buffer zone to be maintained between two consecutive
mineral bearing deposits shall be prepared.
xi)
Approved mining plan including progressive mine closure plan shall be provided along with
EIA report. Letter of approval from IBM shall also be enclosed.
xii)
Detailed drawings indicating geological formation of Ores with respect to ground water table
shall be submitted.
xiii)
Detailed action plan for demarcation and vegetation of 50 m barrier all along the side of the
lease (inside the lease) facing nallahs/rivers (if any) shall be provided.
xiv)
Primary survey of flora and fauna shall be carried out and report submitted along with
EIA/EMP report.
xv)
Action Plan for ambient air quality monitoring shall be prepared, which shall constitute of
adequate stations in core and buffer zones. Prediction of cumulative impact of mine and cement
plant on the ambient air quality shall be submitted. AAQ monitoring for PM10 / 2.5, SO2, NOx and
other relevant parameters as per G.S.R 826 (E) dated 16.11.2009.
xvi)
Action plan for control of fugitive dust generation shall be prepared. The plan shall consist of
schedule and methodology of monitoring of fugitive dust emission at locations of nearest human
habitation (including schools and other public amenities located nearest to sources of dust
generation as applicable).
xvii)
Mineralogical composition of the dust
xviii)
A scientific mining scheme for every 5 years for the life of the mine shall be prepared.
xix)
Scheme for Rain water harvesting including road map for implementation shall be prepared.
2
xx)
Action plan for maintenance of village roads through which transportation of ores are
undertaken to be carried out by the company regularly at its own expenses shall be prepared.
xxi)
Measures for prevention and control of soil erosion and management of silt shall be
prepared. Assessment of total silt load likely to be generated shall be carried out. Proposal for
protection of dumps against erosion by geo textile matting or other suitable material and plantations
of native trees and shrubs at the dump slopes shall be prepared.
xxii) Trenches/ garland drains proposed to be constructed at foot of dumps and installation of
materials like coco filters at regular intervals to arrest silt from being carried to water bodies shall be
prepared. Proposal for adequate number of Check Dams and Gully Plugs proposed to be constructed
across seasonal / perennial nallahs (if any) flowing through the ML area shall be prepared. De- silting
schedule at regular intervals shall be also provided.
xxiii) Land-use pattern of the nearby villages shall be studied, including identification of common
property resources available for conversion into productive land and action plan for abatement and
compensation for damage to agricultural land/ common property land (if any) in the nearby villages,
due to mining activity shall be prepared.
xxiv) Need based assessment for the near by villages shall be conducted to study economic
measures which can help in upliftment of poor section of society. Income generating projects
consistent with the traditional skills of the people besides development of fodder farm, fruit bearing
orchards, vocational training etc. can form a part of such programme. This will be in addition to
vocational training for individuals imparted to take up self employment and jobs. Separate budget
for community development activities and income generating programmes shall be specified.
xxv) Implementation of Occupational health and safety measures for the workers including
identification of work related health hazards, training on malaria eradication, HIV, and health effects
on exposure to mineral dust etc. shall be prepared, including record keeping procedures. Awareness
programme for workers on impact of mining on their health and precautionary measures like use of
personal equipments etc. to be carried periodically shall also be submitted.
xxvi) Green belt development and selection of plant species shall be as per CPCB guidelines. Herbs
and shrubs shall also form a part of afforestation programme besides tree plantation. Details of year
wiseafforestation programme including rehabilitation of mined out area shall be prepared.
xxvii) The questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects as devised earlier by the
Ministry shall be filled up and submitted in complete.
xxviii) Details of litigation pending against the project and /or any direction /order passed by any
Court of Law against the project, if any, shall be submitted.
Besides the above, the below mentioned general points will also to be followed:-
3
a) All documents to be properly referenced with index, page numbers and
continuous page numbering.
b) Where data are presented in the report especially in tables, the period in which
the data were collected and the sources should be indicated.
c) Where the documents provided in a language other than English, an English
translation should be provided.
d) Approved mine plan along with copy of the approval letter for the proposed
capacity should also be submitted.
e) While preparing the EIA report, the instructions for the proponents and
instructions for the consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006-IA.II
(I) dated 4th August, 2009, which are available on the website of this Ministry should
also be followed.
The EIA report should also include (i) surface plan of the area indicating contours
of main topographic features, drainage and mining area, (ii) geological maps and
sections and (iii) sections of the mine pit and external dumps, if any, clearly
showing the land features of the adjoining area.
The Committee informed that the above specific Terms of Reference (TOR), if not already mentioned
in the model TOR, shall be addressed by the proponent. It was further informed that these specific
TORs shall be incorporated in the Draft EIA/EMP report along with the issues raised during the public
hearing and response of the project proponent in tabular form. The EIA/EMP report shall be
thereafter submitted to the Ministry along with requisite documents for appraisal by the EAC-2
(Mining) for consideration of environmental clearance in accordance with the provisions of the EIA
notification dated September 14, 2006.
Yours faithfully,
(Dr. P.L. Ahujarai)
Director
Copy to:
1. Chairman, Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, 6,7,8 &9th Floor, (Public Utility Building)
NSB building, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Bangalore -560001, Karnataka.
4
Sr. No.
TOR
1.
Executive summary of the project indicating relevant details shall be
provided and issues raised in public hearing along with action plan to
address the same shall be provided in tabular form including requisite
allocation of funds
Detail contact address of the project proponent including telephone
numbers, e-mail ID etc shall be provided. Request for consideration for
environmental clearance or any other communication regarding the
project shall be made by the project proponent/ authorized person and not
by its legal representative / consultant
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Compliance status
Executive Summary of the project is enclosed.
General Manager - Environment
M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
(Govt. of Karnataka Undertaking)
“A” Block, 5th Floor, TTMC Building,
BMTC Shanthinagar, Bangaluru-560 027.
Phone: 080-25580373, 25580374, 25580375,
Fax-080-25583172.
Executive summary of the project indicating relevant details shall be Executive summary of the project is enclosed.
provided and issues raised in public hearing along with action plan to
address the same shall be provided in tabular form including requisite
allocation of funds
A copy of lease deed allocated (lease execution) in the name of the Copy of the Lease Deed is enclosed as Annexure 1 &
company shall be provided along with mining plan (including progressive Approved Mining Scheme is enclosed as Volume 1.
mine closure plan).
Detailed hydro-geological study shall be carried out from an institute of Detailed Hydrological Study is closed as Annexure 20.
repute. The study shall suggest detail mitigation measures for prevention
of likely adverse impact on ground and surface water regime in the area
Analysis Report Ground water is Enclosed as Annexure
19.
Layout plan indicating break-up of lease area indicating area for Surface Plan is enclosed as Plate No. 5.
excavation for mining, waste dump, mineral storage, top soil storage,
green belt, infrastructure, roads shall be provided
Photograph of the mine lease area, where mining activity is proposed to be Photographs of the Mine Lease Area where showing
undertaken shall be provided.
mining Activity is Enclosed as Annexure 30.
Sr. No.
TOR
8.
Satellite imagery indicating drainage, cropping pattern, water bodies
(rivers, nallahs, ponds etc.), location of nearest villages, national parks,
wildlife sanctuaries, tiger reserves, biosphere reserves, heritage sites etc in
the core and buffer zone shall be provided. Exact coordinates of the plant
location should be given on imagery of the area covering at least 10km
radius with latitude and longitude and mine site superimposed on imagery.
Detailed action plan for reclamation of mined pit before working
subsequent mineral bearing area shall be prepared
Action Plan for preservation of buffer zone to be maintained between two
consecutive mineral bearing deposits shall be prepared.
Approved mining plan including progressive mine closure plan shall be
provided along with EIA report. Letter of approval from IBM shall also be
enclosed.
Detailed drawings indicating geological formation of Ores with respect to
ground water table shall be submitted.
IRS P6 Satellite Imagery is given in Chapter – 4 of
Figure no. 4.1.
Detailed action plan for demarcation and vegetation of 50 m barrier all
along the side of the lease (inside the lease) facing nallahs/rivers (if any)
shall be provided.
Primary survey of flora and fauna shall be carried out and report submitted
along with EIA/EMP report.
Action Plan for ambient air quality monitoring shall be prepared, which
shall constitute of adequate stations in core and buffer zones. Prediction
of cumulative impact of mine and cement plant on the ambient air quality
shall be submitted. AAQ monitoring shall be as per G.S.R 826 (E) dated
16.11.2009
Action plan for control of fugitive dust generation shall be prepared. The
plan shall consist of schedule and methodology of monitoring of fugitive
dust emission at locations of nearest human habitation (including schools
and other public amenities located nearest to sources of dust generation as
Details are given in Chapter 10 of EIA Report and also
enclosed Environmental Management Plan as Plate No.
12.
Detailed Flora and Fauna Reports are given Chapter 4 of
EIA Report.
Regular environmental monitoring will be carried out
for corrective and preventive actins if required.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Compliance status
Details are given in Chapter 10 of EIA Report.
Details are given in Chapter 5 of EIA Report.
A copy of Approval Letter from IBM is enclosed as
Annexure 2.
Geological Plan and Geological Cross Section is
enclosed as Plant No. 6 & 7.
Details are given in Chapter 10 of EIA Report.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
applicable).
Mineralogical composition of the dust
Mineralogical composition of the dust is given in
Chapter 2 of EIA Report.
A scientific mining scheme for every 5 years for the life of the mine shall Approved Mining Scheme is enclosed as Volume 1.
be prepared.
Scheme for Rain water harvesting including road map for implementation The detailed Rain water Harvesting reports are enclosed
shall be prepared.
as Annexure 23.
Environmental Management Plan is enclosed as Plate
No. 12.
Action plan for maintenance of village roads through which transportation Detailed action plan is given Chapter 10 of EIA Report.
of ores are undertaken to be carried out by the company regularly at its
own expenses shall be prepared.
Measures for prevention and control of soil erosion and management of Measures for prevention and control of soil erosion and
silt shall be prepared. Assessment of total silt load likely to be generated management of silt, the details are given in Chapter 5 of
shall be carried out. Proposal for protection of dumps against erosion by EIA Report.
geo textile matting or other suitable material and plantations of native
trees and shrubs at the dump slopes shall be prepared.
Trenches/ garland drains proposed to be constructed at foot of dumps and Rain Water Harvesting Programme, the details are given
installation of materials like coco filters at regular intervals to arrest silt in Chapter 5 of EIA Report
from being carried to water bodies shall be prepared. Proposal for
adequate number of Check Dams and Gully Plugs proposed to be
constructed across seasonal / perennial nallahs (if any) flowing through
the ML area shall be prepared. De- silting schedule at regular intervals
shall be also provided.
Land-use pattern of the nearby villages shall be studied, including IRS P6 Satellite Imagery and land use map of site and its
identification of common property resources available for conversion into surroundings. Details are given in Chapter – 4 of Figure
productive land and action plan for abatement and compensation for no. 4.1 and Figure 4.16.
damage to agricultural land/ common property land (if any) in the nearby
villages, due to mining activity shall be prepared.
Need based assessment for the nearby villages shall be conducted to study The detailed CRS Activity details are given in Chapter 8
economic measures which can help in upliftment of poor section of of EIA Report.
25.
26.
27.
28.
society. Income generating projects consistent with the traditional skills of
the people besides development of fodder farm, fruit bearing orchards,
vocational training etc. can form a part of such programme. This will be
in addition to vocational training for individuals imparted to take up self
employment and jobs. Separate budget for community development
activities and income generating programmes shall be specified.
Implementation of Occupational health and safety measures for the
workers including identification of work related health hazards, training
on malaria eradication, HIV, and health effects on exposure to mineral
dust etc. shall be prepared, including record keeping procedures.
Awareness programme for workers on impact of mining on their health
and precautionary measures like use of personal equipments etc. to be
carried periodically shall also be submitted.
Green belt development and selection of plant species shall be as per
CPCB guidelines. Herbs and shrubs shall also form a part
of afforestation programme besides tree plantation. Details of year
wise afforestation programme including rehabilitation of mined out area
shall be prepared.
The questionnaire for environmental appraisal of mining projects as
devised earlier by the Ministry shall be filled up and submitted in
complete.
Details of litigation pending against the project and /or any direction
/order passed by any Court of Law against the project, if any, shall be
submitted.
As the project is Expansion, the existing employees are
medical records are submitted under Occupational &
safety Hazards. Additional safety measures to be
adopted in the mines are detailed EIA/EMP.
Green Belt Details are given in Chapter 5 of EIA-EMP
report and also enclosed as Annexure 22.
Filled Questionnaire is enclosed along with EIA Report.
No litigation is pending against the project as the land is
Agricultural & Govt. land.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
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1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No
Executive Summary
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.8.1
1.8.2
1.8.3
1.8.4
1.8.5
1.8.6
1.8.7
1.9
1.9.1
1.9.2
1.9.3
1.9.4
1.10
1.11
1.11.1
1.11.2
1.11.3
1.12
1.13
1.14
Description
Introduction
Site Location and Accessibility
Topography
Drainage
Production Details
Waste Disposal
Employment Potential
Environmental Description
Meteorology
Baseline Ambient Air Quality
Ambient Noise Levels
Water Quality
1.8.4.1
Surface Water Quality
1.8.4.2
Ground Water Quality
1.8.4.3
Analysis of Water Samples
1.8.4.3.1 Surface Water Quality
1.8.4.3.2 Ground Water Quality
Soil Quality
Socio Economics
Biological Environment
Environmental Impact and Management Plan
Air Environment
1.9.1.1
Mitigative Measures
Noise Environment
1.9.2.1
Mitigative Measures for Noise Pollution
1.9.2.2
Vibration
1.9.2.3
Mitigative Measures
Water Environment
1.9.3.1
Mitigative Measures for Water Pollution
Land Environment
1.9.4.1
Disposal of Waste
1.9.4.2
Mitigative Measures
1.9.4.3
Afforestation
1.9.4.4
Resettlement
Biological Environment
Demography & Socio Economic Environment
Social Corporate Responsibility
Other Tangible Benefits
Occupational Health and Safety
Post Project Monitoring
Financial Considerations
Conclusion
Page No.
2
2
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
5
6
7
8
8
9
9
9
9
10
10
11
11
11
11
11
12
12
12
13
13
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
15
15
15
15
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LIST OF TABLES
Table No.
Description
Page No.
Details of Mines
Location Details
Production Details
Salient Features of the Project
Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Summaries of Ambient Air Quality Data (Average.
Conc.)
Noise monitoring Locations with Distance
The present Noise levels were measured at 7
locations. The results obtained are as follows.
Surface Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Summary of Surface Water Quality
Summary of Ground Water Quality
Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core
Zone
Population Details
Hazards Water Management
Details of Solid Waste Recycling
Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective
Measures
2
3
3
4
5
6
Executive Summary
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
6
7
8
8
9
9
10
10
13
14
16
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EXECUTIVE
SUMMARY
EIA REPORT
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1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 Introduction
M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited is a Government of Karnataka undertaking established in
the year 1996 with main objective of systematic mining and planned development of mineral
resources in the State. The main activities of the company are Exploration, Development of
Mineral Resources, Extraction and Marketing of Minerals and Granites.
The Thagadur Chromite Mine, its existing production is 0.26 Lakh tones Annum with open
cast mining method & having more demand in the market. In view of the same, MML is
proposes to increase its production from 0.26 Lakh tones per annum to 1.062 Lakh tones
Anuum at Thagadur Village, Channarayapatana Taluk, Hassan District, Karnataka. The mine
details are given in Table 1.1.
Table 1.1 Details of Mine
Project
: Thagadur Chromite Mine
Project Proponent
Location
Area
: M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
: Thagadur Village, Nanjungud Taluk, Mysore District,
Karnataka State.
: 614.99 ha
Production
Capacity
: Expansion Capacity from 0.26 Lakh tones annum to
1.062 Lakh tones annum.
1.2`Site Location and Accessibility
Thagadur Chromite Mines is situated 25 km North-west of Channarayapatana town in
Channarayapatana Taluk of Hassan District in Karnataka State.
Accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or rail is easy. No
problem is envisaged in accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or
rail as nearest road is Channarayapatana – Nuggehalli road passes within 2-3 kms from
lease boundary on southern side. The Railway line Bengaluru – Mangalore passes through
Arsikere which about 75 km from the lease. The nearest airport is Bengaluru which is about
175 km away from mining lease area, thus the transportation of finished products to various
sites is easy and economical.. Details of the locations are given in Table 1.2.
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2
Fig 1.1: Route through Google
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3
Table 1.2: Location Details
1.3
Mine Lease Nos.
2477
Survey Nos.
Longitude
Latitude
Village
Tehsil
District
North Side: Part of Navile V.B and Rayasamudra Kaval
South Side: Part of Sy. No. 1, 112, 168 & 107
East Side: Part of Rayasamudra Kaval Sy. No. 1, 4, 5, 11, 12, 2,
125 & 126.
West Side: Navile, Rangapur, Lakkarasanahalli, Thagadur.
E: 76° 26´ 40¨ - E: 76° 27´ 30¨
N: 13° 01´ 50¨ - N: 13° 04´ 30¨
Thagadur
Channarapatana
Hassan
State
Karnataka
Topography
The mining lease area is an undulating terrain having gentle slope both Eastrly and
Westerly. The general counter of lease hold area ranges from 911 to 973 mtrs. Above MSL.
Few seasonal Nallahs are observed in the area towards North West, North East and Central
part of the area and flow only during monsoon and remains dry during other seasons. The
surrounding area of the Mining lease block is using for cultivation of Coconut, Sugar
cane and seasonal crops such as Ragi and Maize. The area receives a moderate rainfall
ranging from 500-600 mm annually and under sub-tropical climate.
1.4
Drainage
The drainage pattern of the area is dendritic to sub-dendritic in nature. The nallahs are
seasonal in nature and remain dry most of time excepting during the short period of actual
rainfall. There are no any water course / bodies within the Mining Lease Area.
1.5 Production Details
The details of Production of Chromite and Titaniferrous Magnetite Development Proposed
for coming four years period is given in the Table 1.3 and Table 1.4.
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Table 1.3: Production & Development Details of Chromite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
27,740
33,060
39,140
45,220
7,00,315
5,25,547
7,33,579
11,50,050
1:25.24
1:15:89
1:18.74
1:25.43
Total
1,45,160
31,09,491
1:21.42
Table 1.4: Production & Development Details of Titaniferrous Magnetite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
33,775
51,100
51,975
51,975
25,190
33,660
34,650
41,910
1:0.74
1:0.65
1:0.66
1:0.80
Total
1,88,825
1,35,410
1:0.71
1.6 Waste Disposal
The waste generated from the process will be Over Burden and the same will be utilized in
the back filling in the working pit. The water and tailings will be separated by employing new
technology. Domestic water will be treated in the treated in CPCB approved septic tank &
soak pits.
1.7 Employment Potential
Thagadur Chromite Mine is existing mine, 66 nos. peoples are working and also MML is
proposed create employment potential up to 66 people and preference will be given to local
community.
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1.8 Environmental Description
1.8.1 Meteorology
Study Period
Winter 2013-14 (December 2013, January - February 2014)
Predominant wind direction is SE to NW.
Table No: 1.5: Salient Features of the Project
Site location
Thagadur Village, Channarapatana Taluk, Hassan
District.
State
Karnataka
Land availability
614.99 ha
Relative humidity % 32-100%
(during study period)
Temperature
(during 7.6 Deg. C. minimum
study period)
20.2 Deg. C. maximum
Rain fall (Annual)
1031 mm average
Nearest town (Aerial)
Channarayapatana – 25.0 Km
Nearest cities (Aerial)
Channarapatana – 25.0 Km
Nearest airport (Aerial) Bengaluru – 175.0 Km
Nearest rail heads
Bengaluru – Mangalore railway head at 75.0 Km
from the mine site
Source of water
Bhuvanahalli Kere which is 2.5 km from the mine
site.
1.8.2 Baseline Ambient Air Quality
The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was based on
topography/terrain of the study area, human settlements, Wind Pattern, representation of
regional background levels, accessibility of monitoring sites and resource availability.
The scenario of the existing Ambient Air Quality in the study region has been assessed
through a network of 4 Ambient Air Quality locations in the buffer zone and 3 monitoring
location in the core zone. The data thus obtained is considered for preparing the EIA report.
Ambient Air Quality locations are given in Table 1.6 and summary of Ambient Air Quality is
given in Table 1.7.
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Table 1.6: Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Distance in
Km
Direction
Core Zone
FA-1 Working Pit
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
FA-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
FA-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Geographical Location
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
6.0
A-5
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
A-6
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
A-7
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
Table No: 1.7: Summaries of Ambient Air Quality Data (Average Conc.)
Units: µg / m3
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Core Zone
A-1 Working Pit
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
µg / m
48
17
14.5
16.9
A-2
Dumping Area
45
24
13.4
15.7
A-3
Main Haulage Road
49
17
11.7
17.0
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
7
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
µg / m
46
15
11.4
13.7
A-5
Honnamaranahalli Village
46
16
11.6
13.9
A-6
Verupakshapura Village
45
15
11.2
13.0
A-7
Chekkonahalli Village
46
15
10.5
12.8
100
60
80
80
80
80
CPCB AAQ Standards
Industrial Areas
100
Residential, Rural & Other Areas
100
The ambient air quality observed during the study period is well within the prescribed
National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed by CPCB.
1.8.3 Ambient Noise Levels
The data thus obtained is considered for preparing this report. Noise monitoring locations are
given in Table 1.8 and present noise level at study area is given in Table 1.9.
Table 1.8: Noise Monitoring Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Core Zone
N-1 Working Pit
Distance in
Km
Direction
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
Geographical Location
N-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
N-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
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8
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Distance in
Km
Direction
Geographical Location
Buffer Zone
N-4
Thagadur Village
6.0
N-5
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
N-7
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
N-6
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
Table No: 1.9: The present Noise levels were measured at 7 locations
Villages / Parameters
Day Time
Night Time
Working Pit
Dumping Area
Main Haulage Road
Thagadur Village
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Min
63.9
61.1
60.5
48.5
42.5
43.2
Max
67.0
64.9
65.1
55.9
50.7
50.6
Min
46.5
46.0
46.5
39.3
32.8
32.3
Max
52.0
50.8
53.8
46.3
39.3
39.1
Chekkonahalli Village
44.4
51.5
36.2
40.8
It is observed that the noise values obtained were within the prescribed Ambient Air Quality
Standards with respect to Noise.
1.8.4: Water Quality
The water samples were collected from the available ground water and surface water sources
and have been analyzed to assess the quality of water and any impacts on the quality of water
due to the proposed project. The surface and ground water quality sampling location details
are given in Table 1.10 & Table 1.11.
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9
1.8.4.1 Surface Water Quality
The nearest Water body is Bhuvanahalli Kere which is at a distance of about 2.5 km from the
mining lease area.
Table 1.10: Surface Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Distance
in Km
Direction
Surface Water Sampling Locations
SW1
Bhuvanahalli Kere
2.5
N
1.8.4.2 Ground Water Quality
Five Bore well has been selected to test the characteristics. Bore well at mine lease area, Bore
well water at Thagadur Village which is at a distance of 6.0 km towards North-west
Direction, Bore well at Honnamaranahalli Village which is at a distance of 3.5 km towards
South-east direction, Bore well at Verupakshapura Village which is at a distance of 4.0 km
towards South-east direction, Bore well at Chekkonahalli Village which is at a distance of 2.5
km towards North-east direction.
Table 1.11: Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Ground Water Sampling Locations
GW1 Bore well water at Mining
Lease Area
GW2 Borewell water at Thagadur
Village
GW3
GW4
GW5
Borewell
water
at
Honnamaranahalli Village
Borewell
water
at
Verupakshapura Village
Borewell
water
at
Chekkonahalli Village
Distance
in Km
Direction
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
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10
1.8.4.3 Analysis of Water Sample
1.8.4.3.1 Surface Water
No Surface Water samples were collected during the study period due to non-availability of
the same (dried-up).
1.8.4.3.2 Ground Water Sample:
The Analysis of Ground water in the study area for Winter 2013- 2014 season is summarized
in Table 1.12.
Table No: 1.12: Summary of Ground Water Quality
Unit: mg/l
Parameter
Standards
Results
Désirable Limits
TDS
Iron
CaCO3
Cl
NO3
772-1206
500
0.06-0.4
0.3
421.4-666.4
300
151.7-342.4
250
2.8-7.0
45
2000
1.0
600
Permissible Limits
1.8.5
1000
No Relaxation
Soil Quality
Five locations were selected for analyzing the soil quality status both in core & buffer zone.
Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core Zone is given in Table 11.13.
Table No: 1.13 Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core Zone
Code
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
Name of Sampling Location
Mine site
Agricultural
Soil
Thagadur Village
Direction
Distance
in Km
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
near
Agricultural
Soil
near
Honnamaranahalli Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Verupakshapura Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Chekkonahalli Village
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
11
The findings are:
o
o
o
o
o
o
1.8.6
pH varies from 6.92 to 7.34
The Nitrogen content varies from 8366.1 to 10732.7 Kg/ha
The Phosphorous content is between 371.9 to 538.4 Kg/ha
The Potassium concentration was 50.5 mg to 93 mg /100 gm
The Sodium varies from 10.6 to 16.2 mg/100 gm
The texture of the soil in the study area observed to be of clay loam type.
Socio Economics
There is no human habitation in the core zone. The socio economic condition is summarized
as below. Population Details at study area is given in Table 1.14.
Table 1.14 Population Details
Population
2011
Census
Total No of
House
Holds
Total
Population
10191
62764
Others
S.C
M
F
T
18584
18309
36893
M
S.T
F
M
7100 6939 5823
F
6009
1.8.7 Biological Environment
There are no endemic species or endangered species of flora and fauna.
1.9 Environmental Impacts and Management Plan
1.9.1 Air Environment
The proposed expansion of Mining activity is in proposes in the Revenue and Animal
Husbandry land covering an area of 614.99 ha. Main source of air pollution in the mine is
main sources of fugitive emissions are raw material unloading, raw material handling,
material transfer points, storage bin etc. in addition to this, dust generation due to operation
of HEMMs in the mine and tipper movement on the road.
1.9.1.1
Mitigation Measures
Management proposes the following effective control measures;
 Dust Extraction System to be used in Drill Machines
 Use of Sharp drill bits for drilling Holes and drills with Water Flushing System (Wet
Drilling) to reduce dust generation.
 Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered with tarpaulin.
 Water spraying on roads, waste dumps, sub-grade stacks and mine faces.
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 Drilling by using dust extractors.
 Well designed blast by effective stemming and use of optimum charge.
 Transport vehicles will be regularly checked for their environmental fitness like
pollution under control and fitness etc.
 Green barriers with tall growing thick foliage plants species will be developed around
the mine lease area towards noise transmission and dust dispersion.
 For safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points
Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) would be provided and ensured for using the
same.
 Environmental monitoring of air quality to take mid-course correction, if required to
keep the pollution constituent with-in the permissible limits always.
 Construction of well designed haulage roads.
 Monitoring of air quality periodically to take necessary steps to keep the pollution
with-in the permissible limits.
1.9.2
Noise Environment
The main sources of noise in the plant are classified into following types:


Operation of Mining Activity
Operation of Heavy Earth Moving Machinery (HEMMs).
1.9.2.1Mitigation Measures for Noise Control









Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs with in-built
mechanism to reduce noise emission.
Blasting operations to be carried out during only in day time to avoid high noise in the
night time.
A green belt will be made by selecting thick foliage and tall growing plants around the
mine lease area which will act as acoustic barriers in arresting noise transmission.
Providing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed
continuously to the high noise zone/ operation area i.e., to drillers and compressor
operator etc.
Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones.
Use of sharp drilling bits, delivery of compressed air at optimal pressure.
Corrective & preventive maintenance of Vehicle & machinery including transport
vehicles.
Providing rubber lining at screening decks to reduce noise generation.
Blasting noise shall be minimized / reduced by using optimum spacing and burden
with proper charge.
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1.9.2.2Vibration
The vibration levels from the designed blasting pattern are expected to be well below the
permissible limits, as the drilling and blasting will be carried- out with jack-hammer drills of
33 mm dia. The following mitigation measures shall be adopted.
1.9.2.3Mitigation Measures for Vibration
o Peck particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and
residential building should be well within 12.5 mm/sec.
o To contain fly rocks, stemming column will not be less than the burden of the
hole and the blasting area should be muffled.
o A danger-zone of 500 m from the blasting site shall be monitored.
o Charge weight used per hole will not exceed 300 gm
o Stemming column shall be more than the burden to avoid blow-out shots.
o Each blast shall be carefully planned, supervised, executed.
1.9.3
Water Environment
The impact on water environment has been considered under the following heads:



Impact on Ground Water
Impact on Surface Water Bodies
Storm Water Management
The water requirement for the proposed expansion project is 124 m3/day and met from the
Borewell within the MLA. Since the entire mine lease is on top of the plateau and the surface
will be sloped inward from periphery towards inside, the storm water from outside the MLA
will not enter the MLA. The rainfall on the MLA will be accumulated n the mine pit which
will be pumped out through de-silting pits using pumps or will be allowed to seep into the
ground to recharge ground water regime.
Thus no adverse impact is envisaged on the surface or ground water regime of the area due to
the proposed expansion in the mining activity.
1.9.3.1 Mitigation Measures of Water Pollution
The chemical analysis of the iron ore does not show any toxic substance, which can dissolve
and pollute water quality.

Construction of parapet wall of appropriate dimension all along the toe of ore stock,
 Contour trench of appropriate width and depth all along the ore stock,
 Systematic drainage system for diverting the surface run-off during monsoon.
 Plantation of local varieties of species, so that there will be fast and healthy growth of
vegetation.
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14

Regular monitoring and analyzing the quality of water
1.9.4
Land Environment
Proposed expansion of mining activities will be restricted over an area of 614.99 ha, is in
proposes in Revenue and Animal Husbandry land. There will not be any impact due to
operation of the mining to buffer zone land use.
1.9.4.1
Disposal of Waste
32,44,901 Tonnes (during 4 year Plan Period) of Over Burden / Waste will be generated as
solid waste which is utilized for toe of the dump retention wall with garland drain to arrest
wash off from the dump slope. The Hazardous waste such as used / spent oil will be disposed
off to authorized recyclers. The details of hazardous waste are given Table 1.15.
Table 1.15: Hazardous Waste Management
Source
Generator/
Lubricants
1.9.4.2
Waste
Quantity
Used oil
Utilization plan
200-250 MT per
year
Shall be sold to the
approved/authorized
recycler/reprocessors.
Mitigative Measures
There will be no negative impact due to solid waste disposal, it will be effectively used for
toe of the dump retention wall with garland drain to arrest wash off from the dump slope. The
details of solid waste management are given in Table 1.16.
Table 1.16: Details of Solid Waste Recycling
Source
Mine
1.9.4.3
Waste
Over
Burden /
Waste
Quantity
Utilization Plan
32,44,901 Tonnes
(during 4 year Plan
Period)
Shall be utilized for toe of the
dump retention wall with garland
drain to arrest wash off from the
dump slope.
Afforestation
Plantation is proposed to be carried out around the Lease Area with tall growing having thick
foliage plant species.
All effort will be made to improve the survival rate of the saplings and their healthy growth
will be taken care of by simple methods like proper watering, fencing and after care.
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15
1.9.4.4
Resettlement
There are no human settlements within the project site area. The entire project area of 614.99
ha. The mining area is in Revenue and Animal Husbandry Lands. Hence, no resettlement and
rehabilitation is proposed.
1.10Biological Environment
There is no adverse impact on core-zone as well as buffer zone Flora and Fauna due to
proposed expansion in the mining production.
1.11 Demography & Socio Economic Environment
The objective is to demonstrate the range of potential impacts on communities and families
by the project. The actual impacts experienced at a given project site will depend on a variety
of factors.
The impact of the expansion in the mining activity on the surrounding community will be
positive in nature in improving the Quality of Life (QoL), economic status of the local people
and infrastructure in buffer zone.
1.11.1
Social Corporate Responsibility
The Management of MML is expansion project. It’s already undertaking many CSR activities
within the study area and also the management proposes to increase literacy levels within
buffer zone, by way of support to school going children through free distribution of books
and by way of supporting NGO’s for adult education.
Management will actively participate in the efforts by the local bodies and the Government to
improve the health and social status of the population living in the buffer zone villages.
Management proposes to extend the medical assistance to the local needy people by engaging
a part time Medical Officer on a regular basis.
However, management allocates necessary funds towards community developmental
activities in the buffer zone villages to improve the facilities such as school, health, road,
infrastructure, etc.
1.11.2 Other Tangible Benefits
The proposed expansion project is likely to have other tangible benefits as given below.

Indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing
construction, transportation, sanitation, for supply of goods and services to the project
and other community services.

Market and business establishment facilities will also increase.
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16

Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve.

Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and
medical facilities.


Overall change in employment and income opportunity.
The State Government will also benefit directly from the proposed project, through
increased revenue from royalties, excise duty.
1.11.3 Occupational Health and Safety






1.12
Preliminary screening of all the employees for their baseline health condition.
Medical evaluation of workers condition before joining to the duty.
Educating the workers w.r.t the safety conditions & occupational health diseases.
Regular health checkups for all the employees will be conducted.
Database will be created for individual worker and will be updated regularly to
compare health status.
Doctor specialized in Occupational health will be appointed for special needs.
Post Project Monitoring
The company will undertake post project monitoring as per MoEF guidelines for all the
environmental attributes.
1.13 Financial Considerations
After an in-depth examination of the environment management plan, the management has
made a time specific budgetary cost allocation towards carrying out environmental related
works on a continuous basis and the same is given below in Table 1.17.
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17
Table 1.17: Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective Measures
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Activity
Recurring expenses
proposed/ annum
(Lakh Rs.)
Initial cost
(Lakh Rs.)
Air Pollution Control (Dust suppression by
water spraying)
Water Pollution Control Measures
Occupational Health & Safety
Environmental Monitoring
Socio-Economic Welfare Measures as a
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Maintenance of HEMM (15% of the
equipment & machinery cost)
35.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
Nil
-
2.50
8.50
15.00
55.50
-
20.00
TOTAL
65.00
106.00
Project Cost: The estimated cost of the project is Rs. 200 Lakh.
1.14
Conclusion
It can be concluded that there would be negligible impact in the buffer zone due to the
proposed expansion in the production capacity in the mine. The project will contribute to the
socio-economic development, strengthening of infrastructural facilities like medical,
educational etc. The mine will be operated keeping “Sustainable Development” of the
region in mind.
Further, management is committed to contribute towards improving socio-economic status of
the surrounding local community.
Environmental monitoring is a successful tool for the management for implementation of
adequate & effective environmental measures. It also helps the management to take mid
course correction, if required based on the environmental monitoring results.
Considering the above overwhelming positive impact on the community, there will be overall
development of the area. Hence, it is requested that Environmental Clearance may be granted
for this very ambitious project of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited.
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18
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No
Description
Page No.
Preamble
General Information on Mining of Minerals
Selection of Mining Methods
Open Cast Mining
Environmental Clearance
Stage 1: Screening 7
Stage 2: Scoping
Stage 3: Public Consultation
Stage 4: Appraisal
Terms of Reference
Identification of Project Proponent
Background, Aims and Achievements of the Organization
Brief Description of Project
Site Location and Accessibility
Size of the Project
Scope of the Study
Methodology of EIA
Applicable Legistration to Mining Projects
2
3
4
4
6
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
11
11
11
Chapter - 1: Introductions
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.2.1
1.3
1.3.1
1.3.2
1.3.3
1.3.4
1.4
1.5
1.5.1
1.6
1.6.1
1.6.2
1.7
1.8
1.9
Chapter - 2: Project Description
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.3
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.3.1
2.4.3.2
2.4.3.3
2.4.3.4
2.4.3.5
2.4.3.6
2.4.3.7
2.4.3.8
2.4.3.9
2.4.3.10
2.5
General
Uses and Specifications
Description of the Project
Approval Accorded
Location & Accessibility
Geology and General Configuration of the Area
Physography
Regional Geology
Local Geology
Dolerite Dyke
Amphibolite
Quartz vein
Granitic Gneisses
Titaniferrous Magnetite
Ultra Basics (Serpentinite / Dunite)
Tonalitic Gneiss
Sepiolite
Talc Tremolite Cshist
Chromite
Exploration and Reserves
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14
14
14
15
15
17
17
17
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
Sr. No
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
2.5.6
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.7
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.7.3
Description
Category Wise (Proved, Probable and Possible)
Reserves Estimated in the earlier Mining Plan with
Grade
Mineralogy and Mineralogical Composition of Dust
Type of Mining
Drilling & Blasting
Extent of Mechanization
Production and Development Details
General Features
Drainage
Vehicular Traffic Density
Impact due to Transportation
Resource Requirement
Water Requirement
Power Requirement
Employment Potential
Page No.
22
22
24
24
24
25
26
26
26
27
27
27
28
28
Chapter – 3: Analysis of Alternatives
3.1
Introduction
Chapter - 4: Baseline Data Environmental Description
4.0
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.4.1
4.4.1.1
4.4.1.2
4.4.1.3
4.4.1.3.1
4.4.1.3.2
4.4.1.3.3
4.4.1.3.4
4.4.1.3.5
4.4.1.3.6
4.4.1.3.7
4.4.1.3.8
4.4.1.3.9
4.4.1.3.10
4.4.2
4.4.2.1
4.4.2.2
4.4.3
4.4.3.1
Sr. No
Introduction
Description of Study Area
Study Period
Methodology of EIA Study
Study of Environmental Components
Geology and General Configuration of the Are
Physography
Regional Geology
Local Geology
Dolerite Dyke
Amphibolite
Quartz Vein
Granitic Gneisses
Titaniferrous Magnetite
Ultra Basics (Serpentinite / Dunite)
Tonolitic Gneiss
Sepiolite
Talc Tremolite Cshist
Chromite
Micro Meteorology
Climate
Assessment
Air Environment
Analysis of Baseline Concentrations
Description
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32
32
32
33
33
34
34
34
36
36
36
37
37
37
37
37
37
37
38
40
40
40
42
44
Page No.
4.4.3.1.1
4.4.3.1.2
4.4.3.1.3
4.4.3.1.4
4.4.3.1.5
4.4.3.1.6
4.4.3.1.7
4.4.4
4.4.4.1
4.4.4.2
4.4.4.3
4.4.5
4.4.5.1
4.4.5.2
4.4.5.3
4.4.5.4
4.4.6
4.4.7
4.4.7.1
4.4.8
4.4.8.1
4.4.8.2
4.4.8.3
4.4.8.4
4.4.8.5
4.4.8.5.1
4.4.8.5.2
4.4.8.5.3
4.4.9
4.4.9.1
4.4.9.1.1
4.4.9.1.2
4.4.9.1.3
4.4.10
4.4.10.1
4.4.10.2
4.4.10.3
4.4.10.4
4.4.10.5
Working Pit
Dumping Area
Main Haulage Road
Thagadur Village
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Chikkonahalli Village
Noise Environment
Reconnaissance Survey and Identification of noise
Sampling Location
Sources of Noise
Assessment of Noise Levels
Water & Hydrology Environment
Surface Water
Analysis of Surface Water Sample
Ground Water
Analysis of Ground Water Sample
Hydrology
Soil Environment
Soil Analysis Results
Biological Environment
Background of the Study Area
Ecology and Forest of the Region
Past System of the Forest Management and their
results
International efforts for Bio-diversity Conservation
Approach and Methodology
Approach
Phyto-sociological Survey of the Study Area
Faunal Diversity
Green Belt Plan
Land Use Studies
Objectives
Methodology
Land Use based on Census Data 2011
Socio Economic/Demographic Data Population
Population
Literacy Level
Occupational Structure
Medical and Educational Facilities
Interpretation of Primary and Secondary Data
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Chapter - 5: Anticipated Environmental Impacts And Mitigative Measures
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.3.1
Introduction
Need for Environmental Impact Assessment
Air Environment
Vehicular Traffic
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5.3.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.3.5
5.3.5.1
5.3.5.2
5.3.6
5.4
5.4.1
5.4.1.1
5.5
5.5.1
5.5.1.1
5.5.1.2
5.5.1.3
5.5.1.4
5.6
5.7
5.7.1
5.7.1.1
5.7.1.2
5.7.1.2.1
5.7.1.2.2
5.7.1.2.3
5.7.1.2.4
5.8
5.8.1
5.9
5.9.1
5.9.2
5.9.3
5.10
Description
Impact due to Transportation
Meteorological Data
Application of ISCST3
Emission Details
Maximum Ground Level Concentrations
Overall Scenario
Air Pollution Control Measures
Noise Pollution Control Measures
Vibration
Mitigation Measures for Vibration
Water Environment
Water Requirement
Impact on Ground Water Bodies
Impact on Surface Water Bodies
Rain Water Harvesting Programme
Proposed Treatment Method
Occupation Health & Safety
Land Environment
Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Soil Resource
Impact on soil nutrients and soil biota
Mitigation Measures
Muck Disposal Plan
Slope Stabilization and Soil Embankments
Balanced Cut and Fill (BCF) Construction
Full Bench Construction
Solid Waste Generation
Mitigative Measures
Biological Environment
Recommended Plants for Green Belt Development
Selection of plants for Green Belts
Plantation along Road Sides
Top Soil
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101
101
102
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102
102
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103
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103
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108
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Chapter - 6: Environmental Monitoring Programme
6.1
6.2
6.2.1
6.2.2
6.2.2.1
6.2.2.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.4
6.5
Introduction
Environmental Attributes and
Monitoring
Meteorological Observation
Ambient Air Quality
Instruments used for Sampling
Method of Testing
Water Quality
Surface Water
Ground Water
Noise Level
Soil Samples
Frequency
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6.6
6.7
Description
Environmental Cell
Financial Considerations
Page No.
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Chapter - 7: Additional Studies
7.1
7.2
7.2.1
7.3
7.3.1
7.3.2
7.3.3
7.3.4
7.3.5
7.3.6
7.3.7
7.4
7.5
7.5.1
7.5.2
7.5.3
7.5.4
7.6
7.6.1
7.7
Public Consultation
Risk Assessment
Health Hazards
Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan
Drilling Risks
Face Stability and Loading Failure of Slope in the Pit
Failure of Slope in the Pit
Fly Rock and Vibrations Due to Blasting
Disaster due to Surface Fire
Advantages of risk analysis include
Action Plan to prevent occurrence of Fire
Mine Disaster Management Plan
Emergency Plan
Organization Plan
Equipment Plan
Purpose and Scope of Emergency Plan
Functions of the emergency preparedness team
Social Impact Assessment
Demography & Socio Economic Environment
Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plans
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135
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135
136
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137
Chapter - 8: Project Benefits
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.4.1
8.4.2
8.5
8.6
Project Benefits
Improvement in Physical Infrastructure
Improvement in Social Infrastructure
Employment Potential
Infrastructure Facilities to the Workers
Reaching out to the Community
Other Tangible Benefits
Social Corporate Responsibility
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Chapter - 9: Environmental Cost Benefits Analysis
9.1
Introduction
143
Chapter - 10: Environmental Management Plan
10.1
10.2
10.2.1
Introduction
Environmental Management during Operation Stage
Air Environment
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Description
10.2.1.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.2.4
10.2.4.1
10.2.5
10.3
10.3.1
10.3.1.1
10.4
Wet Drilling
Water Environment
Noise Environment
Vibration
Mitigative Measures for Vibration
Solid Waste & Hazardous waste generation
Biological Environment
Green belt
Ecological Aspects
Action Plan and Management System
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149
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152
Chapter - 11: Summary and Conclusion
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
11.8.1
11.8.2
11.8.3
11.8.4
11.8.4.1
11.8.4.2
11.8.4.3
11.8.4.3.1
11.8.4.3.2
11.8.5
11.8.6
11.8.7
11.9
11.9.1
11.9.1.1
11.9.2
11.9.2.1
11.9.2.2
11.9.2.3
11.9.3
11.9.3.1
11.9.4
11.9.4.1
11.9.4.2
11.9.4.3
Introduction
Site Location and Accessibility
Topography
Drainage
Production Details
Waste Disposal
Employment Potential
Environmental Description
Meteorology
Baseline Ambient Air Quality
Ambient Noise Levels
Water Quality
Surface Water Quality
Ground Water Quality
Analysis of Water Samples
Surface Water Quality
Ground Water Quality
Soil Quality
Socio Economics
Biological Environment
Environmental Impact and Management Plan
Air Environment
Mitigative Measures
Noise Environment
Mitigative Measures for Noise Pollution
Vibration
Mitigative Measures
Water Environment
Mitigative Measures for Water Pollution
Land Environment
Disposal of Waste
Mitigative Measures
Afforestation
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11.9.4.4
11.10
11.11
11.11.1
11.11.2
11.11.3
11.12
11.13
11.14
Resettlement
Biological Environment
Demography & Socio Economic Environment
Social Corporate Responsibility
Other Tangible Benefits
Occupational Health and Safety
Post Project Monitoring
Financial Considerations
Conclusion
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172
Chapter - 12: Details of Consultants
12.0
Details of Consultants
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LIST OF TABLES
Table No.
Description
Page No.
Chapter - 1: Introductions
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
Number of reporting mines in the Country, 2012-13
Chromite Production in India, 2010-11 & 11-12
Categories of Mining Projects
Details of Project
Location Details
Production Details
3
4
6
9
10
11
Chapter - 2: Project Description
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
Location Details
The Details of Exploration carried out in the area
The Reserves estimated is furnished below table
which is as per UNFC Classification.
The average results of chemical analysis of Chromite
The average chemical specification of Titaniferrous
Magnetite
The average chemical specification of Serpentinite and
Dunite
The average chemical specification of Quartz
List of mining machinery
Production & Development details of Chromite
Production & Development details of Titaniferrous
Magnetite
Estimation of Trucks for Transport
Hourly Existing Traffic Load on the Road
The Details of Water Requirement
17
21
22
23
23
23
24
25
25
26
27
27
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Chapter - 4: Baseline Data - Environnemental Description
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
Salient Features of Baseline Environmental Studies
Meteorological data during Winter 2013-14
Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Noise monitoring Locations with Distance
Ambient Noise Standards
Exposure Limit for Different Noise Levels
Measured Noise Values in the month of December
2013
Measured Noise Values in the month of January 2014
Measured Noise Values in the month of February
2014
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40
44
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Table No.
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
4.17
4.18
4.19
4.20
4.21
Description
Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Summary of Ground Water
Soil Sampling Locations
Soil Analysis Report
Details of Study Area Zones
Land Use of the Mining Lease Area
Land Use Pattern of the Study Area
Socio Economic Condition
Population Details
Details of Literacy Level
Occupational Structure
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62
63
67
68
80
80
81
83
84
85
86
Chapter - 5: Anticipated Environmental Impacts And Mitigative Measures
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.9
5.10
5.11
5.12
5.13
Comparative Chart of Various Impacts
Impact Checklist during Mining Operation
Impact Statement Matrix
Estimation of Tippers for Transportation of Materials
Details of Production and Over Burden of the
Chromite
Details of Production and Over Burden of the
Titaniferrous Magnetite
Emission Details
Predicted Ground Level Concentrations of Particulate
Matter Season: Winter 2013-14
Overall Scenario
Requirement for occupational Health and Safety
Hazardous Waste Management
Details of solid Waste recycling
Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt
Development
90
92
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93
94
94
95
98
100
103
110
110
112
Chapter – 6: Environmental Monitoring Programme
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
Environmental Attributes
Method of Testing PM10 / PM2.5
Method of Testing SO2
Method of Testing NOx
Responsibilities of Personnel of the Environmental
Safety Cell
Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective
Measures
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Table No.
Description
Page No.
Chapter – 9: Environmental Cost Benefits Analysis
9.1
Proposed Costing towards Environmental Protection
Measures
144
Chapter – 10: Environmental Management Plan
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
Solid Waste and Hazardous Waste Generation
Hazardous Waste Management
Recommended Plant Species for Greenbelt
Development
Action Plan for various Environmental, Social and
Ecological Issues
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151
152
Chapter – 11: Summary and Conclusion
11.1
11.2
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.6
11.7
11.8
11.9
11.10
11.11
11.12
11.13
11.14
11.15
11.16
11.17
Details of Mines
Location Details
Production Details
Salient Features of the Project
Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Summaries of Ambient Air Quality Data (Average.
Conc.)
Noise monitoring Locations with Distance
The present Noise levels were measured at 7 locations.
The results obtained are as follows.
Surface Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Summary of Surface Water Quality
Summary of Ground Water Quality
Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core
Zone
Population Details
Hazards Water Management
Details of Solid Waste Recycling
Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective
Measures
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161
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165
166
169
169
172
Chapter – 12: Details of Consultants
12.1
Details of EIA-Co-ordinator and Functional Area
Experts
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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig. No.
Description
Page No.
A Flow Diagram Showing the sequence of operation
of mining through surface
Lease Area Showing in Google Map
5
Chapter - 1: Introductions
1.1
1.2
10
Chapter - 2: Project Description
2.1
2.2
2.3
Route through Google
Location Map
Existing Road near the Mining Lease Area
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28
Chapter - 4: Baseline Data – Environemental Description
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.9
4.10
4.11
4.12
4.13
4.14
4.15
4.16
IRS-P6 Map
Wind Rose Diagram of Winter 2013-14
Air Monitoring Location showing around 10 Km
Radius
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Working Pit
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Dumping Area
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Main Haulage Road
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Thagadur Village
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Honnamaranahalli Village
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Verupakshapura Village
Graphical representation of baseline air quality data
at Chikkonahalli Village
Noise monitoring location showing around 10 Km
Radius
Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement –
December 2013
Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement –
January 2014
Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement –
February 2014
Locations showing Surface and Ground Water
monitoring stations around 10 Km Radius
Graphical representation of Baseline Location wise
Ground Water Quality
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Fig. No.
Description
Page No.
4.17
4.18
Drainage Pattern of the Study Area
Locations showing Soil sampling stations around 10
Km Radius
Vegetation characteristics of trees and shrubs in four
quartile of 10 km radius
10 km radius map showing zone considered for the
Study Area
Land Use Pattern of the Study Area around 10 km
radius
Population Break-up details in Buffer Zone
Literacy of Villages in Buffer Zone
Occupational Structure in Study Area
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4.19
4.20
4.21
4.22
4.23
4.24
Chapter - 5:
Measures
5.1
72
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84
85
86
Anticipated Environmental Impacts And Mitigative
Predicted Ground Level Concentrations of Particulate
Matter
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LIST OF PHOTO’s
Photo
No.
Description
Page No.
Chapter - 2: Project Description
2.1
Existing Road near the Mining Lease Area
26
Chapter - 4: Baseline Data – Environment Description
3.1
Photo No. 4.1: Plantation in the mine lease area
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LIST OF ANNEXURE’s
Sr.
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9
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Description
Copy of Lease Deed
Approved Scheme of Mining letter from IBM
Meteorological Data – December 2013
Meteorological Data – January 2014
Meteorological Data – February 2014
Frequency Distribution - December 2013
Frequency Distribution - January 2014
Frequency Distribution - February 2014
Air Analysis Report – Working Pit
Air Analysis Report – Dumping Area
Air Analysis Report – Main Haulage Road
Air Analysis Report – Thagadur Village
Air Analysis Report – Honnamaranahalli Village
Air Analysis Report – Verupakshapura Village
Air Analysis Report – Chikkonahalli Village
Noise Measurement Report - December 2013
Noise Measurement Report - January 2014
Noise Measurement Report - February 2014
Analysis Report of Ground Water sample
Hydrology Report
Soil Analysis Report
Green Belt Development Plan
Sample Questionnaires
Population Details
Literacy Details
Working Details
Education Facility
Medical Facility
Expert Signature Copy
Photographs of the Lease Area
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Annexure No.
Annexure 1
Annexure 2
Annexure 3
Annexure 4
Annexure 5
Annexure 6
Annexure 7
Annexure 8
Annexure 9
Annexure 10
Annexure 11
Annexure 12
Annexure 13
Annexure 14
Annexure 15
Annexure 16
Annexure 17
Annexure 18
Annexure 19
Annexure 20
Annexure 21
Annexure 22
Annexure 23
Annexure 24
Annexure 25
Annexure 26
Annexure 27
Annexure 28
Annexure 29
Annexure 30
LIST OF PLATES
Sr.
No.
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5
6
7
8
9
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11
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Description
Location Plan
Lease Sketch
Google Map
Topographical Plan of 10 km Radius
Surface Plan
Geological Plan
Geological Cross Section
Production Plan
Dump Management Plan
Dump Section
Environment Plan
Environmental Management Plan
Post Mine Closure Plan
Plate No.
Plate No. 01
Plate No. 02
Plate No. 03
Plate No. 04
Plate No. 05
Plate No. 06
Plate No. 07
Plate No. 08
Plate No. 09
Plate No. 10
Plate No. 11
Plate No. 12
Plate No. 13
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CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
EIA Report
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
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CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0
Preamble
M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited (MML) a Government of Karnataka Undertaking
having the lease for mining of Chromite Mine over an area of 614.99 Ha located at
Rayasamudra Kaval, Village Kamanayakanahalli, Channarayapatna Taluk of Hassan
District. Mining lease was granted for 20 years with effect from 25th January 2005
which is valid up to 24th January 2025. Lease deed is enclosed as Annexure I.
Lessee has applied for obtaining Environmental Clearance for the expansion of
capacity from 0.26 TPA to 1.062 TPA from Ministry of Environment & Forests (No.
J-11015/212/2009-IA-II (M)). Ministry of Environment & Forests has granted Terms
of Reference (TOR) on 17th Dec 2009 on presentation made before Expert Appraisal
Committee meeting held on 16-17th Nov 2009.
Further, Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management
Plan prepared considering Winter 2008-09 baseline data. Public Hearing was
conducted on 30th October 2010 at Thagadur Chromite Mine, Thagadur Village. The
project was taken up before 24th EAC meeting held on 21-23 Feb 2012 for grant of
Environmental Clearance. Based on the presentation made, the Expert Committee
observed that the baseline data collected prior to prescribing of TOR and asked
project proponent to redo the EIA by collecting baseline afresh, redo the public
hearing.
Therefore, M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited engaged the services of
METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., for preparation of
Environmental Impact Assessment to obtain Environmental Clearance from Ministry
of Environment & Forests.
Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) is a process, used to identify the
environmental, social and economic impacts of a project prior to decisionmaking. It is a decision-making tool, which guides the decision makers in taking
appropriate decisions for proposed projects. It aims predicting
environmental impacts at an early stage of project planning and design, find
ways and means to reduce adverse impacts, shape projects to suit the local
environment and present the predictions and options to decision makers. By
using EIA, both environmental and economic benefits can be achieved. EIA
systematically examines both beneficial and adverse consequences of the
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
3
proposed project and ensures that these impacts are taken into account during
the project design. By considering environmental effects and mitigation early in
the project planning cycle, there are many benefits, such as protection of the
environment, optimum utilization of resources and saving overall time and cost
of the project. Properly conducted EIA also lessens conflicts by promoting
community participation, informs decision-makers and helps lay the base for
environmentally sound projects.
The Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India, made environmental
clearance (EC) for certain development projects mandatory through its
notification of 27/01/1994 under the Environment Protection Act, 1986.
Keeping in view of the experience gained in environmental clearance process
ov er a period of one decade, the MoEF came out with Environment Impact
Notification, SO 1533 (E) and dt. 14/09/2006. It has been made mandatory to
obtain environmental clearance for different kinds of developmental projects.
As the lease area is more than 50 Ha, it falls under category “A” of Schedule of
EIA Notification 2006 and accordingly EIA report is prepared and being submitted.
1.1 General Information on Mining of Minerals
Indian mining industry is characterized by a large number of small operational
mines. The number of mines which reported mineral production {excluding
minor minerals, petroleum (crude), natural gas and atomic minerals} in India
was 3108 in 2012-13 as against 3236 in the previous year. The details of
reporting mines in the Country are given Table 1.0.
Table 1.0: Number of reporting Mines in the Country, 2012-131
Sector
All Minerals*
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
3119
3236
3108
Coal (including lignite)
573
573
573
Metallic minerals
719
633
559
1827
2030
1976
Non-metallic minerals
*excluding atomic minerals, petroleum (crude), natural gas (utilized) and minor minerals
The Chromite Production in India, the details are given in Table 1.1.
1
Source: Ministry of Mines, GOI, www.mines.nic.in
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
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Table 1.1: Chromite Production in India, 2010-11 & 2011-122
State
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Odisha
India (Total)
Production (Qty in tones)
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12 (P)
6483
66
3419031
8540
4317159
9827
3754293
3425580
4325699
3764120
1.2 Selection of Mining Method
Factors in the choice of an actual mining method for a given deposit are deposit
characteristics, percentage recovery, requirement of health and safety and
environmental concerns, production, scheduling scope of mechanization and
automation, workforce requirements wage rates, land reclamation, operating and
capital cost estimates. The selection of the mining method (development and
extraction) is a key decision to be made in the opening up of a mine.
Opencast or underground method of working will be adopted depending upon the
geological attitudes and country rock. Country rock is drilled, blasted, loaded into
trucks, and hauled to a facility where it is crushed and ground to a uniform size for
further processing. Mining requires the removal and disposal of layers of top soil and
underlying rock commonly called the overburden. The ore is broken into pieces that
can be easily transported and moved to a crushing & screening units for further
processing. Mining must be planned so that the combine of mining processing and
reclaiming the land is taken up concurrently.
1.2.1 Open Cast Mining
General geology and hydrogeology of the study area and geologic sections of the
deposit (transverse and longitudinal) in the project area are to be prepared. Natural and
geologic factors, terrain topography, depth, geological disturbances climate, mineral
/ ore grade, mineable reserves within the property boundary, production rate,
estimated life of mine are to studied before selection of the mine area. Depth of the
deposit at the final it limit thickness and dip be given. Overburden thickness
(maximum and minimum) is to be estimated.
2
Indian Minerals Yearbook 2012 (Part – III): Mineral Reviews, 51st Edition – Chromite, GOI, Ministry of
Mines, IBM
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
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Maximum allowable stripping ratio, overall stripping ratio, mining plan (development
and exploitation) are to be critically examined. Year wise development plan and year
wise production plan for the next five years are to be worked out. Methods for
handling of overburden waste for the next five years are to be outlined. Similar plans
of five year duration subsequently should be prepared and the approval of the
concerned regulatory authority is to been taken.
A flow diagram showing the sequence of operation of mining through surface mining
is shown in Figure 1.1.
Opencast Mining
Site Preparation
Mine Development
Drilling & Blasting
Over Burden
Ore
Excavation /
Loading
Haulage
Stocking
Fig. 1.1: A flow diagram showing the sequence of operation of mining through surface
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Environmental Impact Assessment Report of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
1.3 Environmental Clearance
As per the EIA notification of 14th September 2006 and its amendment dated 1st December
2009, mining projects are divided into two categories as given in the Table 1.2 and various
steps is involved to obtain Environmental Clearance is explained.
Table 1.2: Categories of Mining Projects
Project
Activity
Mining of
Minerals
A Category
= 50 ha of mining
lease area in respect
of non-coal mine lease
General Condition
Any project or activity specified in category B will
be treated as category A, if located in whole or in
part within 10 km from the boundary of:
I.
II.
Protected areas notified under the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972; (ii) Critically polluted
areas as identified by the Central Pollution
Control Board from time to time;
Eco-sensitive areas as notified under section 3
of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986,
such as,
Mahabaleswar Panchangi,
Dahanu, Doon Valley and
III.
Inter-state
boundaries.
Matheran,
boundaries
Pachmarhi,
and international
Provided that the requirement regarding distance of 10km of the inter-state boundaries
can be reduced or completely done away with by an agreement between the respective states
or U.Ts sharing the common boundary in the case the activity does not fall within 10
kilometers of the areas mentioned at item (i), (ii) and (iii) above the environmental clearance
process for all projects will comprise a maximum of four stages. These four stages in sequential
order are:
1.3.1 Stage 1: Screening
Not Applicable for the Project.
1.3.2 Stage 2: Scoping
‘Scoping’ refers to the process by which the EAC in the case of Category ‘A’
projects or activities determine detailed and comprehensive TOR addressing all
relevant environmental concerns for the preparation of an EIA report in respect
of the project or activity for which prior environmental clearance is sought. The
EAC shall determine the TOR on the basis of information furnished in the
prescribed application Form 1 including TOR proposed by the applicant.
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1.3.3 Stage 3: Public Consultation
“Public consultation” refers to the process by which the concerns of local affected
persons and others who have plausible stake in the environmental impact of the
project or activity are ascertained with a view to taking into account all the
material concerns in the project or activity design as appropriate. As the project
falls under Category ‘A’ public consultation is mandatory.
After completion of the public consultation, the applicant shall address all the
material environmental concerns expressed during this process and make
appropriate changes in the draft EIA and EMP. The final EIA report, so prepared,
shall be submitted by the applicant to the concerned regulatory authority for
appraisal. The applicant may alternatively submit a supplementary report to
draft EIA and EMP addressing all the concerns expressed during the public
consultation
1.3.4 Stage 4: Appraisal
Detailed scrutiny by the EAC of the application and other document like the
Final EIA report, outcome of the public consultations including public hearing
proceedings, submitted by the applicant to the regulatory authority concerned
for grant of EC.
1.4
Terms of Reference (ToR)
The Proposal was considered by the EAC for obtaining Terms of Reference (ToR)
held on 16-17th November 2009. ToR is issued on 17th December 2009 and the
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Studies were carried out based on the EIA
Notification 2006.
1.5
Identification of Project Proponent
Mysore Minerals Limited (MML) has been a dynamic player in the Mining field and
has been responsible for the efficient harnessing of these resources.
MML has been involved in the Mining Business since 1966 and today is a recognized
name in the industry with high competent and scientific methods to its credit.
Capitalizing on this natural resource of Karnataka and acting as an agent of the
Government has made MML a vital link in the Local as well as Global trade relations.
MML work with sufficient infrastructure that is designed to optimize time and effort.
Retaining quality standards is a priority to ensure that we satisfy our clients from all
over the world. MML is having 17 quarries, 45 mines, 38 years of experience, EcoFriendly exploration and Mining Technologies.
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1.5.1Background, Aims and Achievements of the Organization
o Mysore Minerals Limited, a fully owned Company of Government of Karnataka was
established in the year 1966 by taking over the assets of the erstwhile Board of
Mineral Development. The Company is registered under the Companies Act 1956.
o Initially, the Company had confined its activities to exploration, production and
marketing of the various minerals available in the State. The prominent minerals
which were the main resource of the Company were Chromite, Manganese
and Iron Ore. The Company is one of the major producers of Iron Ore, Chromite,
Magnesite, Clay Limestone, and Dolomite in the State.
o Keeping in view the demand in the international market for the different colours of
granite blocks available in the State, the Company had entered into the area of
production and marketing of granite blocks of different colours available
in Kanakapura, Hassan, Chamarajnagar and Ilkal Sectors.
o During the year 1982 – 1983, the Company had taken up
diversification programmes to expand its activities. Under this programme, the
Company had established a Stoneware Pipe producing unit
in
Bageshpura, Hassan District and also started a 100 % export oriented unit for cutting
and polishing of granite blocks in Hassan Industrial Area during the year 1984 – 85.
o Mysore Minerals Limited is headed by the Managing Director. The other Officers are
Executive Director, Chief Administrative and Vigilance Officer, Controller of Finance
& Accounts, General Manager (Mkt), Company Secretary and staff assisting the
Managing Director.
o Mysore Minerals Limited has 45 mining leases and 27 quarry leases in different parts
of Karnataka and has provided gainful employment to 1252 employees.
1.6 Brief Description of Project
The Thagadur Chromite Mine, its existing production is 0.26 Lakh tones Annum with
open cast mining method & having more demand in the market. In view of the same,
MML proposes to increase production from 0.26 Lakh tones per annum to 1.062 Lakh
tones anuum at Thagadur Village, Channarapatana Taluk, Hassan District, Karnataka.
The project details are given in Table 1.3.
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Table 1.3: Details of Project
Project
: Thagadur Chromite Mine
Project Proponent
: M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
Location
Area
: Thagadur Village, Channarapatana Taluk, Hassan
District, Karnataka State.
: 614.99 ha
Production
Capacity
: Expansion Capacity from 0.26 Lakh tones annum to
1.062 Lakh tones annum.
1.6.1 Site Location and Accessibility
Thagadur Chromite Mines is situated 25 km North-west of Channarayapatna town in
Channarayapatna Taluk of Hassan District in Karnataka State.
Accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or rail is easy. No
problem is envisaged in accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by
road or rail as nearest road is Channarayapatna – Nuggehalli road passes within 2-3
kms from lease boundary on southern side. The Railway line Bengaluru – Mangalore
passes through Arsikere which about 75 km from the lease. The nearest airport is
Bengaluru which is about 175 km away from mining lease area. The average ground
level of lease area is 911 - 973 meter above MSL. Mine location is very close to the
main road and broad gauge railway line thus, transportation of finished products to
various sites is easy and economical. Details of the locations are given in Table 1.4.
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Fig. 1.2: Lease Area showing in the Google Map
Table 1.4: Location Details
Mine Lease Nos.
2477
Survey Nos.
North Side: Part of Navile V.B and Rayasamudra Kaval
South Side: Part of Sy. No. 1, 112, 168 & 107
East Side: Part of Rayasamudra Kaval Sy. No. 1, 4, 5, 11, 12,
2, 125 & 126.
West Side: Navile, Rangapur, Lakkarasanahalli, Thagadur.
E: 76° 26´ 40¨ - E: 76° 27´ 30¨
N: 13° 01´ 50¨ - N: 13° 04´ 30¨
Thagadur
Channarapatana
Hassan
Karnataka
Longitude
Latitude
Village
Tehsil
District
State
1.6.2 Size of the Project
Details of the proposed expansion production capacity in the Mine are given at Table 1.5.
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Table 1.5: Production Details
Sr. No.
1
Particulars
Chromite
Existing Capacity
Proposed Capacity
0.26 LTPA
1.062 LTPA
1.7 Scope of the Study
The scope of the present study involves identification of all environmental attributes that
have a potential impact on the environment and delineating suitable environmental
measures to minimize the negative impacts and to ensure the compliance of operations as
per the statutory requirement. Scope of the study also includes a detailed characterization
of various environmental components like air, noise, water, soil and socio-economic
conditions within an area of 10 km radius around the Mine site.
1.8 Methodology of EIA
The Environmental Impact assessment studies are conducted within an area of 10 km
radius around the proposed site. Various steps involved in the study area are divided into
three following phases.

Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the status within
the study area.

Predictions of impacts envisaged due to proposed scheme on various environmental
attributes.

Evaluation of impacts after superimposing the predicated scenario over the baseline
scenario to prepare Environmental Management Plan.
1.9 Applicable Legislation to Mining Project
The mining sector has separate set of legislations covering management,
conservation, grant and operation of mining leases etc. There are also separate
legislations for coal mines, non-ferrous mines etc. In addition, there are
environmental/forest regulations, applicable to all types of mining activities have
been prescribed by ministry of environment and forests and CPCB.
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I mportant Legislations are given below:
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
The Mines Act, 1952
The Mines and Mineral (Development and Regulation) Act, 1957
Mines Rules, 1955
Mineral Concession Rules, 1960
Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1988
State Minor Mineral Concession Rules, 1960
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
The Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification 2006 / 2009.
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CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT
DESCRIPTION
EIA Report
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13
CHAPTER – 2
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.0 General
In India Chromite is extracted in following states 1. Odisha 2. Karnataka (Hassan) and 3.
Maharashtra. Uttarakhand is the maximum producer of Chromite in India while Karnataka is
in second rank. In all the three state Chromite is being worked by opencast method by
developing benches.
In recent past, Technology has been improved in steel manufacturing industries and etc.
Chromium is used for stainless steel, as plating and tanning agent.
2.1 Uses and Specifications
Chromite, a mineral ore that is mined from crystallized magma, is used in the production of
steel as a pigment and as a catalyst in many chemical reactions. It is also an important
component of the leather tanning process. Chromite is also used to anodize aluminum for use
in jet engines.
Chromite is the mineral ore of the metal Chromium and the chromium must often be
extracted from the ore and purified before it is used. Chromium is an important ingredient in
steel; it gives this metal increased hardness and toughness, and it helps it reduce chemical
erosion over time. Chromium is also vital in the aerospace industry because it is used to
anodize the aluminum that is used to build aircraft and related equipment. These aluminum
alloys made with chromium are incredibly heat resistant, making them ideal for use in jet
engines. Compounds made with chromium and nickel is also highly heat resistant and used
on toasters, ovens and other home appliances.
Several chromium compounds are used as dyes and colorants. Lead chromate is used to make
the pigment chrome yellow. Tiny amounts of chromium from chromite ore combine with
various other compounds to give rubies their red color and emeralds their green color.
Various chromium pigments are used to give cosmetics their colors as well.
2.2 Description of the Project
Thagadur Chromite Mine belongs to Mysore Minerals Limited (MML) which a Karnataka
State Government concern. Presently, this mine is producing 0.26 LTPA of Chromite, now
MML want to enhance the production from 0.26 LTPA to 1.062 LTPA.
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2.2.1 Approval Accorded
o Forest Clearance: Not Applicable.
o Grant of Lease: Grant of Mining Lease vide letter no. DMG/MLS-365/95/200304/845 dt. 23.04.2004.
o Approval of Mining Scheme: Approval of Mining Scheme from Indian Bureau of
Mines, Bengaluru vide letter no. 279/263/91/BNG dt. 16.04.2014.
2.3 Location & Accessibility
Thagadur Chromite Mines is situated 25 km North-west of Channarayapatna town in
Channarayapatna Taluk of Hassan District in Karnataka State.
Accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or rail is easy. No
problem is envisaged in accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by
road or rail as nearest road is Channarayapatna – Nuggehalli road passes within 2-3
kms from lease boundary on southern side. The Railway line Bengaluru – Mangalore
passes through Arsikere which about 75 km from the lease. The nearest airport is
Bengaluru which is about 175 km away from mining lease area, thus the transportation
of finished products to various sites is easy and economical. Details of the locations are
given in Table 2.1.
Fig 2.1: Route through Google
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Fig 2.2: Location Map
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16
Table 2.1: Location Details
Mine Lease Nos.
2477
Survey Nos.
North Side: Part of Navile V.B and Rayasamudra Kaval
South Side: Part of Sy. No. 1, 112, 168 & 107
East Side: Part of Rayasamudra Kaval Sy. No. 1, 4, 5, 11, 12,
2, 125 & 126.
West Side: Navile, Rangapur, Lakkarasanahalli, Thagadur.
E: 76° 26´ 40¨ - E: 76° 27´ 30¨
N: 13° 01´ 50¨ - N: 13° 04´ 30¨
Thagadur
Channarapatana
Hassan
Karnataka
Longitude
Latitude
Village
Tehsil
District
State
2.4 Geology and General Configuration of the Area
2.4.1 Physography
The mining lease area is an undulating terrain having gentle slope both Easterly and
Westerly. The general counter of lease hold area ranges from 911 to 973 mtrs. Above MSL.
Few seasonal Nallahs are observed in the area towards North West, North East and Central
part of the area and flow only during monsoon and remains dry during other seasons. The
surrounding area of the Mining lease block is using for cultivation of Coconut, Sugar
cane and seasonal crops such as Ragi and Maize. The area receives a moderate rainfall
ranging from 500 - 600 mm annually and under sub-tropical climate.
2.4.2 Regional Geology1
The central curvilinear greenstone belt of Karnataka running from south of Tiptur to north of
Gundlupet. This belt can be called as “Nuggehalli Schist Belt”, this synthesizes the
stratigraphy and structure can be subdivided as follows:
Group
Formations
Major lithology
Nuggehally
Dharwar
Super
Slate, Phyllites, Schists, Charnockite, Gneisses and unclassified
Crystalline. Gabbro, Anorthosite, Amphobolite, Chromite.
Holenarasipura Phyllites, Schists, Charnockite, Gneisses and unclassified
Crystalline. Gabro, Anorthosite, Chromite, Kyanite, Staurolite,
1
Geology of Karnataka by Mr. B P Radhakrishna and Mr. R. Vaidyanandhan
The Dharwar craton, Southern India, and its late Archaean plate tectonics settings current interpretations and
controversies by Mr. Brain Chadwick, Mr. V. N. Vasudev and G. V. Hegde.
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Group
amygdular basalts, quartzite.
Sargur
Granite, Pegmatite,
Charnockite, Quartz,
Anorthosite,
Dunite,
Magnesite,
Basically the Sargur schist belt belongs to Dharwar super group of Precambrian age. The
Sargur schist complex contains Archaean quartzo-feldspathic tonalitic gneisses of mixed
origin and tight folded remnants of quartzite K pelite-carbonate shelf facies sediments. Relics
of layered ultramatic-gabbroanorthosite (minor) complexes with cumulate textures occur as
discontinuous linear belts, cods and patches in the gneisses and are later than the
metasediments. The presence of tincluded' gneiss in an ultramafic body suggests the Sargur
supracrustals rested on a gneissic basement. Carbonate-bearing ultramafic (similar to
'sagvandites') suggest a significant co2 pressure during metamorphism. This possibly explains
the local attainment of granulite facies conditions in a predominantly upper amphibolite
facies terrain. There were at least two periods of migmeatisation with late (anatectic) granite
sheets. Three major defermational episodes are well preserved in the quartzites.
There is much similarity between the Sargur complex and the Isua-Malene-Upernavik
succession of West Greenland and Labrador. The presence of younger Dharwar greenstone
belts to the north and a 'mobile belt' towards the south of the Sargur terrain. However, more
coordinated absolute age/isotcpio/rare earth element data are needed before a convincing
model can be erected to explain the evolution of the high-grade terrain of southern India.
The name Sargur series was proposed by Mr. B. Ramarao for these metamorphosed remnants
of granulitic rocks with Kyanite, sillimanite, Graphite, Rutile and other minerals. The high
grade assemblages occurred as narrow bands, fold remnants, scattered enclaves and tectonic
within the gneissic complex and lacked a proper stratigraphy. However it was cleared that
the gneiss together with the enclosed schistose remnants formed the basement for a well
developed group of schistose rocks which the Dharwar already given. The name Sargur group
was suggested by Mr. Swaminath and Ramakrishna (1981). The name ancient supracrustals
considered was more appropriate, as a collective name to designate the oldest recognize cover
rocks occurring as dismembered remnants lacking the distinct stratigraphy and set in a sea of
gneisses.
Geologically, the Thagadur Chromite Mine forms a part of “Nuggehalli Schist Belt” of Green
Stone Belt of Dharwar Supracrustal Rock Formations (Dharwar Super Group) with welldefined schist belt but forms a zone of “Metamorphosed, high grade Assemblages within
Meta – Genissic Complex” and very recently in receipt of considerable attention in view of
“Vanadiferrous Titano-Magnatite Mineralization” apart from known deposition of Chromite
and Titanoferrous-Magnatite.
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Among the Ancient Supracrustal sequences within Karnataka, the abtuse Boomerang Shaped
“Nuggehalli Schist Belt’ occupies an important but there is no clearly recognizable basement
for these rocks.
2.4.3 Local Geology
The Thagadur Chromite Mine is a part of Nuggehally Schist belt received considerable
attention in view of the Chromite, Gold and Vanadiferrous Titano-Magnetite mineralization.
Recently an interasting discovery Copper mineralization has been made. Surface Plan is
showing in Plate No. 5, Geological Plan is showing in Plate No. 6 and Geological Cross
Section is given as Plate No.7.
The foliation of the Schist is predominantly NNW-SSW with steep dip towards East. The belt
has an average width over 3 kms as central bulge near Nuggehalli
The Tentative sequence as identified in the region / ML area is indicated below.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Dolerite dyke
Amphibolite
Quartz vein
Granitic Gneisses
Titano – Magnetite
Serpentinite
Tonalitic Gneiss
Sepiolite
Talc – Tremolite Schist
Chromite Ore
2.4.3.1 Dolerite Dyke
It is exposed in the form of discontinuous bodies and runs both along as well as across the
achiest belt in the South and Northern Part of North block. The out crop occurs at surface in
the form of small boulders which are highly weathered. The color of the Dolerite Dyke is
light black with grain size varying form fine to medium.
2.4.3.2 Amphibolite
Amphibolite are predominantly exposed and are closely associated with ultra basics, trending
North 30°W with a dip of 3°-80° towards East and North Eastern direction. Amphibolite is
highly schiested and exhibits foliation with greenish grey colour and semi-hard in nature.
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2.4.3.3 Quartz vein
Quartz out crops is found exposed in the Central part of the lease area in the form of thin
bands and also acattered boulders trending North South direction. It exhibits white to dull
white in colour.
2.4.3.4 Granitic Gneisses
Granitic Gneisses exposed predominantly and has in contact with Schist Belt in the Western
part of the lease area, trending North 20° E direction. The Gneisses are banded in nature with
gray to white gray in colour.
2.4.3.5 Titaniferrous Magnetite
Titaniferrous Magnetite occurs in the form of continuous band and dislocates at place due to
faulting. The out crops are will expose towards Northern extension and North Western part of
Ranganatha Betta. It occurs in the form of discontinuous band in South and South Eastern
part of the lease area. The formation is highly folded in the Ranganatha Betta area trending N
30° W and dipping Easterly at different angles. It exhibits metallic Lustre and steak is Cherry
red.
2.4.3.6 Ultra basics (Serpentinite / Dunite)
Among the Ultra basics, Serpentinites are will exposed in the lease area as well as in the
working pits, having general trend of NNW-SSE direction generally dipping 60° – 65°
towards North and North East direction. Dark green in colour and at places highly weathered,
bleached and soft in nature.
2.4.3.7 Tonolitic gneiss
Tonalitic Gneiss exposed towards eastern margin in South Block and Central block and has in
contact with Schist belt trending NW-SE direction and dipping at an angle 60° – 70° easterly.
Tonalitic Gneiss exposed in the pit is weathered and shows dull white colour.
2.4.3.8 Sepiolite
Sepiolite is well exposed in the South & Central pit demarcating the low grade Chromite ore
zone. The general trend of the ore body is NW-SE direction and dipping at an angle of 60° –
65° easterly. Sepiolite is Yellowish brown is colour and Schistose in nature.
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2.4.3.9 Talc Tremolite Cshist
The Serpentinite schist is well exposed in the lease area having a general trend NW-SE
direction and dipping at an angle of 70° towards East. Talc Serpentinite is light green in
colour, soft in soapy to touch.
2.4.3.10
Chromite
Chromite ore body in the M.L. area is mainly associated with Serpentinite in the form of
lenses, veins, bands, Pods and also occurs in the form of float ore at top with in the soil. The
foliation direction of the ultra basic as a whole is NNW-SSE. The ore body also follows the
foliation direction and dipping at an angle of 65° – 70° easterly.
2.5 Exploration and Reserves
The company possess mining lease in Thagadur Chromite area over an extent of 614.99 ha.
The mineralized zone in the entire stretch of ML is about 130 ha. The mineral reserves were
estimated during the year 2001 based on data generated by earlier exploration (Diamond Drill
(Chromite Ore Persistence has been Proved up to 70 mts., in a inclined drill hole (DDH No
30) and Wagon Drill Hole as well as from the mining operation in the area. After depleting
the excavated mineral reserves during the mining plan period (2001-2006) and subsequent
scheme of mining periods (2007-2012) where in much exploitation has not been effected.
However, the reserves are re-estimated as per UNFC classification based on the detailed
exploration carried out by drilling of DDH & WDH by both DGM and MML during the
period from 1975 to 1988 and updated the reserves. Based on the parameters the proved
reserves are arrived and is in the order of 0.162 million tones of chromite ore, 0.172 million
tones of Titaniferrous magnetite, 0.022 million tones of serpentinite, 0.036 million tones of
Dunite and 0.010 million tones of talc.
However, 35 nos. of Wagon Drill holes and 12 nos. of Diamond Drill holes of “Back Log of
Exploration”, proposed in mining plan period (2001-2006) and in subsequent ensuring
“Scheme of Mining inclusive of PMCP (2007-2012) Period. Out of which, only 6 nos. of
Wagon Drill exploration has been carried out in the year 2003-2004 and remaining were unexecuted due to various constrains.
Table 2.2: The Details of Exploration carried out in the area
2012-13
Location of proposed
DTH
--
2013-14
Central Block
1 – 10
60
600
2014-15
North Block
11 - 20
60
600
20
60
1200
Period
Total
No of holes
Depth of holes
--
--
Total Depth of DDH
holes in mtrs
--
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2.5.1 Category Wise (Proved, Probable and Possible) Reserves Estimated in the earlier
Mining Plan with Grade.
The reserves are re-estimated based on the earlier exploration carried out in the area by drill
holes drilled and trial pits & the chemical analysis results, the bands of chromite are marked
on the geological plan and sections and estimated the reserves by calculating the sectional
areas of individual sections with strike influence of this sections gives the volume of ore in
M3. The volume of ore is multiplied with the recovery percentage (based on the mining data)
with average bulk density of 4 for chromite, 3.5 for Titaniferrous magnetite and 2.2 to 2.6 for
other associated minerals is considered and estimated the grade wise reserve is given in the
Table 2.3.
Table 2.3: The Reserves estimated is furnished below table which is as per UNFC
Classification.
Mineral
Type
Name
Chromite
Main
Main
Associated
Titaniferrous
Magnetite
Serpentinite
Dunite
Talc
Quartz
Production
achieved in
plan period
Balance reserves as on 01.01.2014
Proved
in tons
(111)
Feasibility
Total
mineral
resources
resources
in ts.
(211)
Probable
in tons
(121)
Total in
tons
Grade
govt.
16,771 tons 1,62,679
(14,343 ts in
2007-12) &
2,423 tons in
2012-13 of
this scheme
6,760
3,19,440
3,22,825
4,85,504
Medium
-
4,85,504
1,26,525
4,45,965
Medium
1,08,850
3,37,115
-----
11,063
18,440
5,310
8,320
33,188
55,320
15,930
24,960
Medium
Low
Low
Low
-----
33,188
55,320
15,930
24,960
22,125
36,880
10,620
16,640
2.5.2 Mineralogy and Mineralogical Composition of Dust
The Chromite minerals are sold to various industries in the Country. The Minerals are mainly
used in Manufacture of refractory bricks.
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Table 2.4: The average results of chemical analysis of Chromite
Unit: in %
Sr. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Radicals
Percentage
Cr2O3
SiO2
FeO
CaO
MgO
Al2O3
P2O5
28.1
13.8
0%
24.5
5%
01.2
8%
13.1
9%
11.8
0%
0.00
2%
7%
The average chemical specification of Titaniferrous Magnetite produced in this mining area is
given in Table 2.5.
Table 2.5: Average chemical specification of Titaniferrous Magnetite
Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
5
Radicals
TiO2
Fe2O3
Al2O3
SiO2
LO1
Percentage
09.44%
64.71%
05.61%
03.86%
01.29%
The average chemical specifications of Serpentinite and Dunite produced in this mining area
are given in Table 2.6.
Table 2.6: Average chemical specification of Serpentinite and Dunite
Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Radicals
Cr2O3
SiO2
Fe2O3
CaO
MgO
Al2O3
LO1
Serpentinite
%
Dunite
%
01.01%
28.35%
13.91%
07.04%
28.47%
06.28%
13.87%
00.76%
28.97%
13.78%
05.79%
29.18%
06.43%
13.93%
The average chemical specification of Quartz produced in this mining area is given in Table
2.7.
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
23
Table 2.7: Average chemical specification of Quartz
Sr. No.
1
2
3
Radical
s
Al2O3
Fe2
SiO2
Percentage
00.08%
01.23%
98.53%
2.5.3 Type of Mining
The Method of Mining Proposed is Open Cast method with Mechanization.
o Open cast method with a bench height of 6 Mtrs. and width of 8 Mtrs., with a
Bench Slope of 600 to the horizontal. The ore Mined and Over Burden removed
will be transported by using Tippers to the respective yards.
2.5.4 Drilling & Blasting
The broad blasting parameters are determined for the blasting pattern and blast design, on the
basis of extensive field studies and years of experience they are as follows.
f


Drilling will be carried out by the combination of Atlos Copco Compressor / Tractor
Mounted Compressor with Jack Hammers with the help of drill rods off 2.5 feet and
subsequently by using 5 feet, 8 feet, 12 feet rods.
Blasting is one of the main operation and has two important functions to perform
o To dislodge the mineral to facilitating its removal.
o To Fragment, so that it can be easily loaded.
Considering the above parameter and the “Powder Factor”, the quantity of Explosive
proposed as change for each hole of 3.00 mtrs. Depth will be about 0. Kgs and the powder
factor will be about 6.3 kgs per hole that is 8 to 10 tons per kg of explosives.
Recommended slurry explosives (25mm) used for secondary blasting / short hole blasting,
ANFO, Ordinary Detonators. MS Delay Detonators, self detonating fuse and safety fuse.
2.5.5 Extent of Mechanization
Since there is no change in method and or mode of mining, it is continued to keep the Open
Cast Method of mode of Mining with Mechanization. So the below table shows the list of
mining machineries to achieve the targeted production.
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24
Table 2.8: List of Mining Machinery
Sr.
No.
Equipment
1
2
J.C.B. 30x Loader
Excavator – 300 LC
3
4
5
6
Tata Tipper
Air Compressor
Tractor Mounted
Compressor
Jack Hammers
7
8
9
10
Capacity
H.P.
Numbers of Equipments
Existing
Proposed
Total
107
197
01
-
-03
01
03
35
-35
02
-02
15
01
--
17
01
02
--
--
04
02
06
Water Pump
Water Pump
Truck / Water
Jeep
Tanker
----
50
5
35
--
-01
01
01
01
----
01
01
01
01
Total
--
--
12
16
28
HM 72 –21
1.63M3
10 tonnes
XA 175
--
2.5.6 Production and Development Details
The details of Production of Chromite, Titaniferrous Magnetite and other associate minerals
Development Proposed for coming four years period is given in the Table 2.9 and Table
2.10.
Table 2.9: Production & Development Details of Chromite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
27,740
33,060
39,140
45,220
7,00,315
5,25,547
7,33,579
11,50,050
1:25.24
1:15:89
1:18.74
1:25.43
Total
1,45,160
31,09,491
1:21.42
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25
Table 2.10: Production & Development Details of Titaniferrous Magnetite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
33,775
51,100
51,975
51,975
25,190
33,660
34,650
41,910
1:0.74
1:0.65
1:0.66
1:0.80
Total
1,88,825
1,35,410
1:0.71
Plan showing the proposed year wise production and development is shown in Plate No. 8.
2.6 General Features
2.6.1 Drainage
The drainage pattern of the area is dendritic to sub-dendritic in nature. The nallahs are
seasonal in nature and remain dry most of time excepting during the short period of actual
rainfall. There are no any water course / bodies within the Mining Lease Area.
2.6.2 Vehicular Traffic Density
For Vehicle movement, metallic roads will be constructed to control emissions. Water
sprinkling on solid waste dump and also on the sides of the haulage road will reduce the
dust emissions to a significant level.
Photo 2.1: Existing Road near the Mining Lease Area
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26
2.6.3 Impact due to Transportation
The existing road network in terms of railway line, state highway, etc. is shown in Fig.
2.3.
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27
Fig 2.3: Road Network of the Study Area
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
28
The ROM is 1.062 Lakh tones/annum. The estimation of trucks for transport of the materials
is given in Table 2.11.
Table 2.11: Estimation of Trucks for Transport
Particulars
Production
Development
Total
Total Quantity, tpa
Capacity of each truck, tones
Number of trucks for total quantity
Operational days
Number of trucks per day
Operational hours for trucks in a day
1,06,200
10
10,620
300
10
8
11,89,000
10
1,18,900
300
10
8
12,95,200
10
1,29,520
300
10
8
2
2
2
Number of trucks per hour
From the above table, it can be seen that the total number of tippers for transport of the above
material will be 2 tippers/hr and traffic density details are given in Table 2.12.
Table: 2.12: Hourly Existing Traffic Load on the Road
Cycle
2 wheeler
3 wheeler
Car/Jeep
LCV
HCV
Bus
Bhuvanahalli to
Nuggehalli
8
80
42
16
19
15
20
Thagadur to
Bhuvanahalli
10
38
25
13
11
14
17
Traffic Census data clearly indicates that the existing road from road is catering to average
density of traffic and that expected incremental increase in road traffic due to the proposed
expansion in the mining activity and its activities would not exceed 2 trucks per hour and
would make no significant changes on the traffic load situation at Lease Area.
2.7
Resource Requirement
2.7.1 Water Requirement
The water required is 124 KLD. Water will be drawn from bore well within the lease area.
The details of water requirement are given in Table 2.10.
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27
Table 2.10: The Details of Water Requirement
Purpose
Quantity, m3/d
Existing
Proposed
Total
Dust
Suppression,
Sprinkling
Domestic Purpose
Afforestation
28
39
67
08
19
08
22
16
41
Total
55
69
124
Source
Bore well /
Tanker
Bore well
2.7.2 Power Requirement
The required quantity of power will be met through Karnataka State Electricity Board.
However, mining operation does not require power as the mining operation will be conducted
during day light hours.
2.7.3 Employment Potential
About 66 peoples are benefited by direct employment including Engineers, Administrator,
Skilled and Semi Skilled. Additional 66 peoples are required for proposed expansion.
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CHAPTER- 3
ANALYSIS OF
ALTERNATIVES
(Technology & Site)
EIA REPORT
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29
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
3.1 Introduction
M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited has been granted a mining lease (M. L. No. 2477) for
extraction of Chromite at Village Thagadur, Channarayapatna Taluk of Hassan District,
Karnataka.
Since the mining activity is site specific and it depends it depends on occurrence of minerals
and ores, therefore, alternate sites are not analyzed with respect to this project.
Lease deed is enclosed as Annexure I. Copy of Approved mining plan is enclosed as
Annexure II.
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30
CHAPTER 4
BASELINE DATA ENVIRONMENTAL
DESCRIPTION
EIA REPORT
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31
CHAPTER – 4
BASELINE DATA - ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION
4.0
Introduction
Collection of baseline data of different Environmental Attributes like Air, Water, Noise, Soil,
Socio-economic etc., proposed expansion in the production capacity is an important stage in
the preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), which helps to predict the
changes which may occur after the implementation of the project.
Hence, the teams of the functional area experts have visited the site to have reconnaissance
survey of the location and the details with regard to the location features are collected and
monitoring locations were also fixed to carry-out baseline monitoring of Air, Water, Noise,
Soil, etc.,
The salient features of the location are given below;
The location is sloping in all the sides of the mine lease area. At present there are no
agricultural activities under taken and is covered by small bushy type Lease Areas. There is
an irrigation canal which is flowing outside the lease area flowing from east to west then
taking a diversion towards South. There are no agricultural activities under taken in the
surrounding area. The nearest village is Thagadur which is at a distance of 0.5 km towards
East.
The criteria for selecting monitoring location for different Environmental Attributes are as
below;
4.1
Description of Study Area
The study area covers 10 km radius of the Mining Lease Area of Thagadur Chromite Mine at
Thagadur Village, Channarayapatana Taluk, Hassan District of Karnataka State. Baseline
environment quality represents the background environmental scenario of various
environmental attributes.
4.2
Study Period
The baseline environment quality represents the background scenario of various
environmental components in the study area. MML has initiated studies to carry out
Environmental Impact Assessment over a radial distance of 10 km around the Mining Lease
Area during Winter season of 2013-14 covering the months of December - 2013, January –
February 2014.
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4.3
Methodology of EIA Study
Different steps are involved in carrying out Environmental Impact Assessment study of this
project site and are divided into the following phases:
 Identification of significant environmental parameters and assessing the existing
status within the impact zone with respect to air, water, noise, soil and socioeconomic
components of environment.
 Study of various activities of the proposed expansion in the mining production to
identify the area leading to impact/changes in the environmental quality.
 Quantification/prediction of impact for the set of identified activities and to study
level of impact on various environmental attributes.
 Evaluation of impacts after superimposing the predicted /quantified scenario over the
baseline scenario.
 Preparation of Environmental Management Plan for implementation of the mitigative
measures in the proposed expansion in the production capacity.
The methodology adopted for studying the various individual components of environment are
described below.
4.4 Study of Environmental Components
The baseline studies include detailed characterization of various components like:
o Observations of Meteorological Parameters
o Measuring the Ambient Air Quality Status and its Analysis
o Measuring the Noise Quality and Analysis
o Study of Water Quality and its Analysis
o Soil Quality Survey and its Analysis
o Study of Flora and Fauna
o Evaluation of Socio-Economic Status
The salient features of baseline environmental studies are given below in Table- 4.1.
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Table 4.1: Salient Features of Baseline Environmental Studies
Attribute
Micro - Meteorological Wind
Studies
Parameter
Details like
direction,
Ambient Air Quality
Frequency of Monitoring
speed, 3 months data has been collected
Temperature, to assess air pollution impacts on
Relative Humidity and Rainfall.
the surrounding environment.
PM 10
3 months data has been collected
PM 2.5
to assess baseline Air Quality
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
status of the area.
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
Noise Quality Data
Noise levels
1 middle month data has been
collected
to
identify
noise
baseline
Water
producing areas.
Water
Quality,
Soil Physical
&
Chemical To
along
establish
Quality Data and
parameters
with Quality, Soil Quality for future
Land Use pattern.
measurement of heavy metals reference and Land Use Pattern in
and land use parameters.
Socio-Economic
& Socio-Economic parameters
Demographic Studies
the area.
To know the present SocioEconomic status of the study area.
4.4.1 Geology and General Configuration of the Area
4.4.1.1 Physography
The mining lease area is an undulating terrain having gentle slope both Easterly and
Westerly. The general counter of lease hold area ranges from 911 to 973 mtrs. Above MSL.
Few seasonal Nallahs are observed in the area towards North West, North East and Central
part of the area and flow only during monsoon and remains dry during other seasons. The
surrounding area of the Mining lease block is using for cultivation of Coconut, Sugar
cane and seasonal crops such as Ragi and Maize. The area receives a moderate rainfall
ranging from 500 -600 mm annually and under sub-tropical climate.
4.4.1.2 Regional Geology1
The central curvilinear greenstone belt of Karnataka running from south of Tiptur to north of
Gundlupet. This belt can be called as “Sargur Schist Belt”, this synthesizes the stratigraphy
1
1. Geology of Karnataka by Mr. B P Radhakrishna and Mr. R. Vaidyanandhan
2. The Dharwar craton, Southern India, and its late Archaean plate tectonics settings current interpretations and
Controversies by Mr. Brain Chadwick, Mr. V. N. Vasudev and G. V. Hegde.
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
34
and structure can be subdivided as follows:
Group
Dharwar
Super
Group
Formations
Nuggehally
Major lithology
Slate, Phyllites, Schists, Charnockite, Gneisses and unclassified
Crystalline. Gabbro, Anorthosite, Amphobolite, Chromite.
Holenarasipura Phyllites, Schists, Charnockite, Gneisses and unclassified
Crystalline. Gabro, Anorthosite, Chromite, Kyanite, Staurolite,
amygdular basalts, quartzite.
Sargur
Granite, Pegmatite,
Charnockite, Quartz,
Anorthosite,
Dunite,
Magnesite,
Basically the Sargur schist belt belongs to Dharwar super group of Precambrian age. The
Sargur schist complex contains Archaean quartzo-feldspathic tonalitic gneisses of mixed
origin and tight folded remnants of quartzite K pelite-carbonate shelf facies sediments. Relics
of layered ultramatic-gabbroanorthosite (minor) complexes with cumulate textures occur as
discontinuous linear belts, cods and patches in the gneisses and are later than the
metasediments. The presence of tincluded' gneiss in an ultramafic body suggests the Sargur
supracrustals rested on a gneissic basement. Carbonate-bearing ultramafic (similar to
'sagvandites') suggest a significant co2 pressure during metamorphism. This possibly explains
the local attainment of granulite facies conditions in a predominantly upper amphibolite
facies terrain. There were at least two periods of migmeatisation with late (anatectic) granite
sheets. Three major defermational episodes are well preserved in the quartzites.
There is much similarity between the Sargur complex and the Isua-Malene-Upernavik
succession of West Greenland and Labrador. The presence of younger Dharwar greenstone
belts to the north and a 'mobile belt' towards the south of the Sargur terrain. However, more
coordinated absolute age/isotcpio/rare earth element data are needed before a convincing
model can be erected to explain the evolution of the high-grade terrain of southern India.
The name Sargur series was proposed by Mr. B. Ramarao for these metamorphosed remnants
of granulitic rocks with Kyanite, sillimanite, Graphite, Rutile and other minerals. The high
grade assemblages occurred as narrow bands, fold remnants, scattered enclaves and tectonic
within the gneissic complex and lacked a proper stratigraphy. However it was cleared that
the gneiss together with the enclosed schistose remnants formed the basement for a well
developed group of schistose rocks which the Dharwar already given. The name Sargur group
was suggested by Mr. Swaminath and Ramakrishna (1981). The name ancient supracrustals
considered was more appropriate, as a collective name to designate the oldest recognize cover
rocks occurring as dismembered remnants lacking the distinct stratigraphy and set in a sea of
gneisses.
Geologically, the Thagadur Chromite Mine forms a part of “Nuggehalli Schist Belt” of Green
Stone Belt of Dharwar Supracrustal Rock Formations (Dharwar Super Group) with wellPrepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
35
defined schist belt but forms a zone of “Metamorphosed, high grade Assemblages within
Meta – Genissic Complex” and very recently in receipt of considerable attention in view of
“Vanadiferrous Titano-Magnatite Mineralization” apart from known deposition of Chromite
and Titanoferrous-Magnatite.
Among the Ancient Supracrustal sequences within Karnataka, the abtuse Boomerang Shaped
“Nuggehalli Schist Belt’ occupies an important but there is no clearly recognizable basement
for these rocks.
4.4.1.3 Local Geology
The Thagadur Chromite Mine is a part of Nuggehally Schist belt received considerable
attention in view of the Chromite, Gold and Vanadiferrous Titano-Magnetite
mineralization. Recently an interasting discovery Copper mineralization has been made.
Surface Plan is showing in Plate No. 5, Geological Plan is showing in Plate No. 6 and
Geological Cross Section is given as Plate No.7.
The foliation of the Schist is predominantly NNW-SSW with steep dip towards East.
The belt has an average width over 3 kms as central bulge near Nuggehalli
The Tentative sequence as identified in the region / ML area is indicated below.
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
o
Dolerite dyke
Amphibolite
Quartz vein
Granitic Gneisses
Titano – Magnetite
Serpentinite
Tonalitic Gneiss
Sepiolite
Talc – Tremolite Schist
Chromite Ore
4.4.1.3.1 Dolerite Dyke
It is exposed in the form of discontinuous bodies and runs both along as well as across the
achiest belt in the South and Northern Part of North block. The out crop occurs at surface in
the form of small boulders which are highly weathered. The color of the Dolerite Dyke is
light black with grain size varying form fine to medium.
4.4.1.3.2 Amphibolite
Amphibolite are predominantly exposed and are closely associated with ultra basics, trending
North 30°W with a dip of 3°-80° towards East and North Eastern direction. Amphibolite is
highly schiested and exhibits foliation with greenish grey colour and semi-hard in nature.
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4.4.1.3.3 Quartz vein
Quartz out crops is found exposed in the Central part of the lease area in the form of thin
bands and also acattered boulders trending North South direction. It exhibits white to dull
white in colour.
4.4.1.3.4 Granitic Gneisses
Granitic Gneisses exposed predominantly and has in contact with Schist Belt in the Western
part of the lease area, trending North 20° E direction. The Gneisses are banded in nature with
gray to white gray in colour.
4.4.1.3.5 Titaniferrous Magnetite
Titaniferrous Magnetite occurs in the form of continuous band and dislocates at place due to
faulting. The out crops are will expose towards Northern extension and North Western part of
Ranganatha Betta. It occurs in the form of discontinuous band in South and South Eastern
part of the lease area. The formation is highly folded in the Ranganatha Betta area trending N
30° W and dipping Easterly at different angles. It exhibits metallic Lustre and steak is Cherry
red.
4.4.1.3.6 Ultra basics (Serpentinite / Dunite)
Among the Ultra basics, Serpentinites are will exposed in the lease area as well as in the
working pits, having general trend of NNW-SSE direction generally dipping 60° – 65°
towards North and North East direction. Dark green in colour and at places highly weathered,
bleached and soft in nature.
4.4.1.3.7 Tonolitic gneiss
Tonalitic Gneiss exposed towards eastern margin in South Block and Central block and has in
contact with Schist belt trending NW-SE direction and dipping at an angle 60° – 70° easterly.
Tonalitic Gneiss exposed in the pit is weathered and shows dull white colour.
4.4.1.3.8 Sepiolite
Sepiolite is well exposed in the South & Central pit demarcating the low grade Chromite ore
zone. The general trend of the ore body is NW-SE direction and dipping at an angle of 60° –
65° easterly. Sepiolite is Yellowish brown is colour and Schistose in nature.
4.4.1.3.9 Talc Tremolite Cshist
The Serpentinite schist is well exposed in the lease area having a general trend NW-SE
direction and dipping at an angle of 70° towards East. Talc Serpentinite is light green in
colour, soft in soapy to touch.
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4.4.1.3.10 Chromite
Chromite ore body in the M.L. area is mainly associated with Serpentinite in the form of
lenses, veins, bands, Pods and also occurs in the form of float ore at top with in the soil. The
foliation direction of the ultra basic as a whole is NNW-SSE. The ore body also follows the
foliation direction and dipping at an angle of 65° – 70° easterly.
IRS-P6 Geo-coded FCC on 1:1,30,000 scale of LISS-III was acquired and was used for
mapping and interpretation. Besides, other collarteral data as available in the form of maps,
charts, census records, other reports and especially topographical survey of India maps on 1:
50,000 scale are used. In addition to this, ground level survey was also conducted to verify
and confirm the ground features, IRS-P6 map is given in Fig. 4.1.
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Fig. 4.1: IRS-P6 Map
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4.4.2 Micro Meteorology
The study area form a part of the region dominated by tropical climate with hot summer days,
moderate monsoon and moderately cool winter. Nearest Indian Meteorological Station is
located at Hassan, which is about 35.0 km from the mine site by road.
4.4.2.1 Climate
The climate of the study area is Tropical savanna climates in the every month of the year.
Summer months of March and May. Its reaches almost beyond 33 degree Celsius and in
winter 30 degree Celsius.
The details pertaining to Maximum & Minimum Temperature, Relative Humidity, Rainfall,
Wind Speed and Wind Direction for the month of December 2013, January – February 2014
are given in Annexure 3, 4 & 5 respectively.
The Frequency Distribution for the month of December 2013, January – February 2014 are
given in Annexure 6, 7 & 8 respectively. Meteorological data during winter 2013-14 is
given below in Table 4.2.
Table 4.2: Meteorological data during winter 2013-14
Parameter
Winter 2013-14
Max.
Min.
Temp 0C
20.2
7.6
Relative Humidity (%)
100
32
Total Annual Rainfall (mm)
1031 mm
4.4.2.2Assessment
Predominant wind direction during Winter 2013-14 is from with average wind speed
between 1.4 to 4.2 m/s. Average relative humidity value during Winter 2013-14 is around
32-100 per cent. Minimum temperature recorded is 7.6°C and Maximum temperature is 20.2°
C. The Wind Rose diagram for the study period i.e., Winter 2013-14 is given in Fig- 4.3.
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Fig 4.2: Wind Rose Diagram of winter 2013-14
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4.4.3 Air Environment
Important factors governing the locations of the sampling stations are the particular method
of instrument used for sampling, resources available, physical access and security against loss
and tampering. Air quality monitoring should be done in areas where pollution problem is
expected. The objective of monitoring is to determine status and trends of air quality in the
region so as to compare their levels and determine trends after the implementation of the
proposed project. In general the following requirements are met for conducting
environmental monitoring;
Height of the inlet maintained at 3 – 10 m above the ground level.
The sampler kept at a distance of more than 20 m from trees.
Distance of the sampler to any air flow obstacle i.e. buildings, maintained at more
than two times the height of the obstacle above the sampler.
Unrestricted airflow was maintained.
Ensured for no furnace or incinerator fumes near the monitoring station.
The lease area is located in an area where agricultural based activities constitute the major
portion of the economic activities of region. Thus, the identified location is significantly far
away from the industrialized belt and thus perils of industrialization. Comparative distance of
the selected location from other areas that were identified as severely/critically polluted is
given graphically in the Fig below.
The existing Ambient Air Quality scenario in the study region has been assessed by
establishing a network of 4 Ambient Air Quality monitoring locations in the Buffer Zone and
1 monitoring location within the main haulage road in the lease area. Design of monitoring
network of the air quality surveillance program was based on the following considerations.
Topography / Terrain of the study area
Human Settlements
Wind Pattern
Health Status
Representation of Regional Background Levels
Accessibility of Monitoring Site
Resource Availability
Pre-calibrated Respirable Dust Samplers (RSD) has been used for monitoring the existing
AAQ status. Maximum, Minimum, Average and Percentile values have been computed from
the raw data collected at all the individual sampling stations to represent the Ambient Air
Quality Status of the study area. Significant parameters viz., Particulate Matter (size less than
10 µm – PM10 and less than 2.5 µm - PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide
Prepared by: METAMORPHOSISSM Project Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Bengaluru.
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(NO2) were monitored in the Core and Buffer Zones. The data thus obtained is considered for
preparing this report. Ambient Air Quality locations are given in Table 4.3 and Fig 4.4.
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Fig 4.3: Air Monitoring Location showing around 10 Km Radius
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Table 4.3: Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Core Zone
A-1 Working Pit
Distance in
Km
Direction
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
Geographical Location
A-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
A-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
6.0
A-5
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
A-7
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
A-6
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
The sampling stations were located both in core zone and buffer zone. The Respirable Dust
sampler was placed at a height of minimum 3.0 m above the ground level as per the norms.
4.4.3.1Analysis of Baseline Concentrations
The ambient air quality observed during the study period is well within the National Ambient
Air Quality Standards prescribed by CPCB. There are no predominant activities envisaged
which can significantly contribute for the change in the ambient air quality of the surrounding
environment after the implementation of the project.
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4.4.3.1.1 Working Pit
This location was selected to assess present pollution level due to mining and other activities.
The Observed levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX collected during the study period of
Winter 2013-14 season are given in Annexure No. 9. Concentration is depicted in Fig. 4.4.
Air Quality
Standards
(NAAQ)
National Area
Parameter
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
Industrial Area
(mg/m )
100
60
80
80
Fig 4.4: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Working Pit
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4.4.3.1.2 Dumping Area
Dumping of rejection incidental to mining is the most critical activity in mining. Site
selection for dumping of rejection play a major role to ensure there is very little impact on
surrounding environment due to rejection dump related environmental issues. Monitoring
station was established to study the concentration of various environmental parameters due to
dumping activity. The observed levels of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX collected during the
study period of Winter 2013-14 season are given in Annexure No. 10. Concentration is
depicted in Fig. 4.5.
Air Quality
Standards
(NAAQ)
National Area
Parameter
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
Industrial Area
(mg/m )
100
60
80
80
Fig 4.5: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Dumping Area
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4.4.3.1.3 Main Haulage Road
Hauling of ore and rejection from the working pit is one of the important activities in the
mining. Hauling of ore and rejection do generate dust to the atmosphere. Monitoring and
measurement of particulate matter is very essential to implement mitigative measures.
Therefore monitoring is carried-out to study the impact due to movement of various mining
equipment/tippers and other HEMM’s (Heavy Earth-Moving Machineries). Trucks are used
for ore transportation. Proper covering of trucks with tarpaulin is done to avoid any air
pollution while transporting. Haulage road in the mine are maintained at the gradient not
exceeding 1 in 16. Dust suppression is carried using water tankers, static sprinklers on roads
and using truck mounted dry fog dust suppression system. Dry fog dust suppression system is
commissioned to suppress air borne pollutants. The observed levels of PM 10, PM2.5, SO2 and
NOX collected during Winter 2013-14 season are given in Annexure No. 11. Graphically
pollutants concentration is shown in Fig. 4.6.
Air Quality
Standards
(NAAQ)
National Area
PM10
Industrial Area
100
Parameter
PM2.5
SO2
3
(g/m )
60
80
NOX
80
Fig 4.6: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Main Haulage Road
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4.4.3.1.4 Thagadur Village
This ambient air quality monitoring location is located towards South side of the lease area at
an distance of about 6.0 km. This is the nearest village situated from the mine and therefore
this location was chosen to study the impact due to mining activities on this village. Detailed
monitoring results are tabulated in the Annexure No. 12. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2
and NOX collected during Winter 2013-14 season are represented graphically in Fig 4.7.
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards
(8/24 hourly
concentration in
µg/cum)
National Area
PM10
Residential, rural &
other area
100
Parameter
PM2.5
SO2
µg/cum
60
80
NOX
80
Fig 4.7: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Thagadur Village
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4.4.3.1.5 Honnamaranahalli Village
This ambient air quality monitoring location is located towards South-east side of the lease
area at an distance of about 3.5 km. This location was chosen to study the impact due to
mining activities on this village. Detailed monitoring results are tabulated in the Annexure
No. 13. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX collected during Winter 2013-14
season are represented graphically in Fig 4.8.
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards
(8/24 hourly
concentration in
µg/cum)
National Area
PM10
Residential, rural &
other area
100
Parameter
PM2.5
SO2
µg/cum
60
80
NOX
80
Fig 4.8: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Honnamaranahalli Village
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4.4.3.1.6 Verupakshapura Village
This ambient air quality monitoring location is located towards South-east side of the lease
area at an distance of about 4.0 km. This location was chosen to study the impact due to
mining activities on this village. Detailed monitoring results are tabulated in the Annexure
No. 14. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX collected during Winter 2013-14
season are represented graphically in Fig 4.9.
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards
(8/24 hourly
concentration in
µg/cum)
National Area
PM10
Residential, rural &
other area
100
Parameter
PM2.5
SO2
µg/cum
60
80
NOX
80
Fig 4.9: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Verupakshapura
Village
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4.4.3.1.7 Chekkonahalli Village
This ambient air quality monitoring location is located towards North-east side of the lease
area at an distance of about 2.5 km. This location was chosen to study the impact due to
mining activities on this village. Detailed monitoring results are tabulated in the Annexure
No. 15. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOX collected during Winter 2013-14
season are represented graphically in Fig 4.10.
National Ambient Air
Quality Standards
(8/24 hourly
concentration in
µg/cum)
National Area
PM10
Residential, rural &
other area
100
Parameter
PM2.5
SO2
µg/cum
60
80
NOX
80
Fig 4.10: Graphical representation of baseline air quality data at Chekkonahalli Village
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4.4.4 Noise Environment
The noise is defined as an unwanted sound. Noise interferes with the communication, causes
annoyance, distracts from work and disturbs sleep. Thus noise pollution deteriorates quality
of human environment. The workers exposed to occupational noise of a potentially high
damaging quality and intensity suffer from impairment of hearing capacity of several degrees
and other physiological and psychological stresses, apart from adversely affecting their job
performance.
The Physical description of sound concerns to its loudness as a function of frequency. Sound
Pressure Levels (SPL’s) are measured in decibels on the A-weighted scale, dB (A), where the
A-weighting scheme accounts for the sensitivities of the human ear over the audio spectrum.
The Locations showing Noise monitoring stations with distance within 10 km radius of the
study area is given in Fig 4.11.
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Fig 4.11: Noise monitoring location showing around 10 Km Radius
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Table 4.4: Noise monitoring Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Core Zone
N-1 Working Pit
Distance in
Km
Direction
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
Geographical Location
N-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
N-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
6.0
A-5
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
A-7
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
A-6
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
4.4.4.1 Reconnaissance Survey and Identification of noise Sampling Locations
A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating
sources in the area. Noise at different noise generating sources based on the proposed
expansion of mining activities, traffic, etc have been identified. Noise monitoring has been
conducted at all the identified locations in the study area during the study period.
The Central Pollution Control Board has stipulated specific standard for ambient noise level
in industrial, commercial, residential and silence zones for both day and night time. These are
given below in Table 4.5.
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Table 4.5: Ambient Noise Standards
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Location
Industrial Area
Commercial Area
Residential Area
Silence Zone
Noise Level [Leq in dB (A)]
Day
Night
75
70
65
55
55
45
50
40
In addition to this, there are another set of exposure limits laid down by Occupational Safety
and Health Administration in USA and IS: 3483. These are given in below in Table 4.6.
Table 4.6: Exposure Limit for Different Noise Levels
Maximum Duration Sound Level dB(A)
(hrs./day)
OSHA
IS : 3483
8
90
85
6
92
4
95
88
2
100
91
(OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration, USA)
4.4.4.2 Sources of Noise
The typical considerations in environmental noise assessment can be divided into two
separate categories, one related to noise sources and other related to potential receivers. Two
quantities are needed to describe completely the strength of the source i.e.


Sound Power Levels.
Directivity.
The sound power levels measures the total sound power radiated by the source in all
directions and directivity is a measure of the difference in radiation with direction. The
concept of sound power level and directivity index makes it possible to calculate the sound
pressure level (SPL) created by the given source.
The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on:
 Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in nature).
 It is well known that a steady noise is not as annoying as one that is continuously
varying in loudness.
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 The time of day at which noise occurs, for example, loud noise levels at night in
residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance.
 The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, determines
the loudness and period of noise exposure.
The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying from Noise Induced
Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise level. Taking into
consideration the various factors carried out, the Environmental Impacts of noise from the
mining activities can be classified as:




Potential damage to hearing
Potential physiological responses
Annoyance
General community responses
In the proposed expansion of mining operation, drilling, blasting, Milling compressors
operation of HEMMs and DG Sets, etc., these operations are likely to create higher noise
levels. Noise is also produced on the roads in the buffer-zone.
4.4.4.3 Assessment of Noise Levels
The main objective of noise level assessment is to identify all the sources, acceptable and
unacceptable in the study region. Acoustical environment varies dynamically in magnitude
and character throughout most communities. The variation is also significant depending on
the type of source and the capacity of the source to produce noise. The noise level variation
can be temporal, spectral and spatial.
The assessment of noise pollution in the study area has been carried out keeping the above
stated considerations. The existing status of noise levels within the study zone has been
undertaken through reconnaissance survey, identification of existing noise sources, land use
pattern for monitoring of baseline noise levels. The noise levels were monitored using an
electronic sound level meter for winter season at different sites. The noise levels measured at
7 locations in the month of December 2013, January & February 2014 and the results
obtained are given below in Table 4.7, 4.8 & 4.9 and the graphical representation of the same
are given in Fig. 4.12, 4.13 & 4.14.
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Table 4.7: Measured Noise Values in the month of December 2013
Unit: dB (A)
Villages / Parameters
Day Time
Night Time
Working Pit
Dumping Area
Main Haulage Road
Thagadur Village
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Min
63.4
60.2
62.9
47.3
42.7
43.5
Max
66.4
64.9
65.5
58.7
53.2
51.8
Min
50.2
51.7
52.6
40.5
32.3
33.7
Max
56.8
57.1
60.2
51.3
42.6
40.7
Chekkonahalli Village
41.9
54.1
34.9
41.5
Fig. 4.12: Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement – December 2013
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Table 4.8: Measured Noise Values in the month of January 2014
Unit: dB (A)
Day Time
Min
Max
Night Time
Max
Min
Working Pit
64.3
67.8
45.3
51.2
Dumping Area
61.5
65.4
44.8
49.8
Main Haulage Road
58.7
66.9
42.0
52.3
Thagadur Village
49.6
57.4
38.7
44.8
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Chekkonahalli Village
41.3
44.6
52.3
55.5
32.6
31.9
37.6
41.2
45.0
51.2
37.6
40.7
Villages / Parameters
Fig. 4.13: Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement – January 2014
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Table 4.9: Measured Noise Values in the month of February 2014
Unit: dB (A)
Day Time
Min
Max
Night Time
Min
Max
Working Pit
63.9
66.9
43.9
47.9
Dumping Area
61.5
64.5
41.5
45.5
Main Haulage Road
59.8
62.8
44.8
48.8
Thagadur Village
48.7
51.7
38.7
42.7
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Chekkonahalli Village
43.6
41.4
46.2
46.6
44.4
49.2
33.6
31.4
36.2
37.6
35.4
40.2
Villages / Parameters
Fig. 4.14: Graphical Representation of Noise Measurement – February 2014
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It was observed that the values obtained were within the prescribed Ambient Noise Quality
Standards with respect to Noise indicated no industrial activity in the study area. Noise
survey measurement is given Annexure 16, 17 & 18.
4.4.5 Water & Hydrology Environment
Water quality monitoring is carried-out to characterize water and identify the changes or
trends in water quality over time. The monitoring also helps to identify specific existing or
emerging water quality problems and gather information to design specific pollution
prevention or remediation programs. Since there are no surface water streams, ground water
samples were collected in the villages of study area around 10 km radius.
The water is an important natural resource which is required for wellbeing of the mankind
and also for survival of Lease Area & animal life on the earth. It is also necessary to use the
available water judiciously to conserve the natural potable water. Hence it is necessary to
assess the baseline data of different water sources available in the study area. It not only helps
to use the water in an economic way, but also gives the changes in the water quality, if any,
after the implementation of the project. The assessment of baseline data on water quality
includes;

Identification of surface water sources.

Identification of ground water sources.

Collection of water samples.

Analyzing water samples collected for Physio-Chemical and Biological
parameters.
The water samples were collected from the available ground water and surface water sources
and have been analyzed to assess the quality of water and any impacts on the quality of water
due to the proposed project. The surface and ground water quality sampling location details
are given in Table 4.10 & Table 4.11 and the Locations showing Surface and Ground Water
monitoring stations is given in Fig 4.15.
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Fig. 4.15: Locations showing Surface and Ground Water monitoring stations around 10
Km Radius
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4.4.5.1
Surface Water
The nearest Surface Water body is Bhuvanahalli Kere which is at a distance of about 2.5 km
from the mining lease area.
Table 4.10: Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Distance
in Km
Direction
Surface Water Sampling Locations
SW1
Bhuvanahalli Kere
2.5
N
4.4.5.2 Analysis of Surface Water Sample
No Surface Water samples were collected during the study period due to non-availability of
the same (dried-up).
4.4.5.3 Ground Water
Five Bore well has been selected to test the characteristics. Bore well at mine lease area, Bore
well water at Thagadur Village which is at a distance of 6.0 km towards South Direction,
Bore well at Honnamaranahalli Village which is at a distance of 3.5 km towards South-east
direction, Bore well at Verupakshapura Village which is at a distance of 4.0 km towards
South-east direction, Bore well at Chekkonahalli Village which is at a distance of 2.5 km
towards North-east direction. The Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance is given
in the Table 4.11.
Table 4.11: Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Distance
in Km
Direction
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
Ground Water Sampling Locations
GW1
GW2
GW3
Borewell water at Mine Lease
Area
Borewell water at Thagadur
Village
Borewell
water
at
Honnamaranahalli Village
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Code
Name of Sampling Location
GW4
Borewell
water
at
Verupakshapura Village
Borewell water at Chekkonahalli
Village
GW5
Distance
in Km
Direction
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
4.4.5.4 Analysis of Ground Water Sample
The Analysis of Ground water in the study area for Winter 2013- 14 season is summarized in
Table 4.12. The Ground water quality observed during the study period is well within the
limits and the same is shown graphically in Fig. 4.16. The Ground water analysis is given as
Annexure 19.
Table 4.12: Summary of Ground Water
Unit: Mg/L
Name of the Locations
TDS
Iron
CaCO3
Cl
NO3
Mining Lease Area
Borewell water at Thagadur Village
Borewell water at Honnamaranahalli
Village
Borewell water at Verupakshapura
Village
Borewell water at Chekkonahalli
Village
1206
938
0.411
0.266
666.4
558.6
342.4
234.8
7.009
4.599
920
0.27
588
249.5
2.868
944
0.158
519.4
239.7
3.612
772
0.069
421.4
151.7
3.554
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Standards
Désirable Limits
Permissible Limits
TDS
500
2000
Iron
0.3
1.0
Parameter
CaCO3
Cl
300
250
600
1000
NO3
45
No Relaxation
Fig 4.16: Graphical representation of Baseline Location wise Ground Water Quality
4.4.6 Hydrology
The quality and quantity of groundwater over the area differs much, as these depend on the
physical and chemical parameters and also on the topography of the area. Different ground
water parameters like porosity, permeability, specific yield, specific retention etc., vary from
rock to rock, as their mode of occurrence and the structures they possess differ based on the
geology of the area. Similarly, the chemistry of the rocks also varies and depends on the kind
of the mineral i.e. acidic or basic, that they are composed off. The groundwater occurring in
particular rock formation imbibes the chemical properties of that rock type. Drainage pattern
of the study area is given in Fig. no. 4.17 and the detailed hydrology report is enclosed as
Annexure 20.
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Fig. 4.17: Drainage Map of the Study Area
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4.4.7 Soil Environment
The objective of Soil monitoring is to determine the status and trends of soil quality in the
region so as to compare their levels and determine trends after the implementation of the
proposed expansion of mining activity. The following guidelines and steps are under taken to
monitor soil quality.
Divide the region into different ecological zones.
Select the ecological zone, farms with similar soil types.
Select a set of soil indicators like organic matter, topsoil-depth, infiltration,
aggregation, pH, electric-cal conductivity, suspected soil pollutants and soil.
Transform the indicators into a soil quality.
The soil is generally formed due to slow process of weathering of rocks. The normal mineral
compositions of Lease Area are altered by alteration in soil condition. Existence of flora &
fauna depends upon the quality of soil in the area. The soil characteristics like physical,
chemical, erosion index, soil fertility has bearing on the surrounding environment. Therefore
the quality of soil play a major role in planning proper mitigative measures like Lease
Areaation program and green belt development by the project proponent and also for the
construction of building for different purposes. The normal mineral composition of Lease
Areas is altered by alteration in soil condition. Soil could well represent the topsoil cover,
which is rich in nutrient content.
Five locations were selected for analyzing the soil quality status both in core & buffer zone.
The soil samples were collected from the buffer areas. The samples have been analyzed for
physio-chemical parameters. The details of the Soil Sampling, locations with distance from
the Core Zone are given in Table 4.13 and the Locations showing Soil monitoring stations is
given in Fig 4.18.
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Fig- 4.18: Locations showing Soil sampling stations around 10 Km Radius
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Table 4.13: Soil Sampling Locations
Code
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
Name of Sampling Location
Mine site
Agricultural
Soil
Thagadur Village
Direction
Distance
in Km
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
near
Agricultural
Soil
near
Honnamaranahalli Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Verupakshapura Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Chekkonahalli Village
At the above mentioned sites two kg of soil samples were collected by means of augur and
core cutter in polythene bags and sent to the MOEF accredited laboratory for analysis. The
soil samples were collected over a depth of 1.0 cm that represents the top soil layer. Soil
physical and chemical properties were analyzed using Jackson (1968), Black (1982) and
USDA (1972) methods. Organic carbon is estimated by treating a known weight of soil with
an excess of acid dichromates and monitoring the proportionate blue green colour of the
cromate ions developed. Nitrogen which is readily available to the Lease Areas in the form of
ammonium ions, referred to as minerisable nitrogen, is estimated by a direct Kjeldahldistillation of the ammonium sulphate formed. Cation exchange capacity is estimated using
ammonium acetate solution as extract. Available phosphorous is estimated by Bray’s
extraction procedure. For particle size analysis, the soil organic matter is oxidized by
treatment with hydrogen peroxide, particles dispersed with alkaline hexametaphosphate, the
medium, fine and very fine sands wet-sieved out on standard sieves, and silt and clay
estimated following their settling rates as per the procedures recommended by the National
Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning.
4.4.7.1 Soil Analysis Results
The physico-chemical properties of soils of both core and buffer areas were given in Table.
Overall the soils of the region are neutral pH and deficient in organic carbon and nitrogen.
Among the four samples selected in the buffer zone soils are relatively rich in nutrients
compared to agriculture soil. Soils of the core zone are also deficient in essential nutrients
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and which are comparable with that of wasteland found in the buffer zone. The analysis
report of the soil in study area is given in Table No. 4.14.
Table No. 4.14: Soil Analysis Report
S. No.
Parameters
S1
S2
Results
S3
6.92
7.06
7.11
7.34
7.26
S4
S5
1
pH
2
342
292
384.6
410.2
316.4
3
Conductivit y20%Suspension (µ mhos/cm)
Potassium as K (mg/100gm)
50.5
81
93
80
61.5
4
Sodium as Na (mg/100gm)
16.2
14.6
14.1
12.8
10.6
5
Chlorides as Cl (ppm)
313.1
273.9
293.5
273.9
352.2
6
Nitrogen as N (Kg/Hec)
10579
8489.7
8366.1
9591.5
10732.7
7
Phosphorous as P (Kg/Hec)
497
371.9
538.4
507.2
419.6
8
Organic Matter (%)
0.96
0.73
0.72
0.54
0.9
9
Calcium as Ca (ppm)
1671.7
1574.5
1555.1
1982.8
1535.7
10
Magnesium as Mg (ppm)
Texture
clay loam
259.3
clay loam
223.9
clay loam
12
Sand Content (%)
271.1
Silt clay
loam
21.4
247.5
11
306.4
Silt clay
loam
25.8
25
25.9
24
13
Silt Content (%)
38.7
39.3
28.1
25.9
32
14
Clay Content (%)
35.5
39.3
46.8
48.1
44
15
Sodium
(SAR)
5.15
4.81
4.70
3.83
3.57
Absorption
Ratio
The conclusion on the soil quality of different locations is as follows;
o
o
o
o
o
o
pH varies from 6.92 to 7.34
The Nitrogen content varies from 8366.1 to 10732.7 Kg/ha
The Phosphorous content is between 371.9 to 538.4 Kg/ha
The Potassium concentration was 50.5 mg to 93 mg /100 gm
The Sodium varies from 10.6 to 16.2 mg/100 gm
The texture of the soil in the study area observed to be of clay loam type.
The soil quality analysis is given in Annexure 21.
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4.4.8 Biological Environment
4.4.8.1 Background of the Study Area
Globally biodiversity is changing at an unprecedented rate, as a complex response at several
human – induced and anthropogenic activities towards the environment. The magnitude of
this change is so large and so strongly linked to ecosystem process, that biodiversity change
is now considered an important global change in its own right. By definition of biodiversity,
include all terrestrial and freshwater organisms – including plants, animals, and microbes at
scales ranging from genetic diversity within populations, to species diversity to community
diversity across landscapes (CBD, 1992). It is important to assess the biodiversity before get
disappeared. There is necessary to take up proactive initiatives from local and regional level.
It is also important that conservationist, academicians and industrialist should also supports
for conservation of threatened species for the future sustainable uses and wellbeing.
4.4.8.2
Ecology and Forest of the Region
Thagadur Chromite Mines is situated 25 km North-west of Channarayapatna town in
Channarayapatna Taluk of Hassan District in Karnataka State. It lies in the rain shadow of
the Western Ghats, and is generally much drier than coastal Karnataka and the Western
Ghats. The region was originally covered by extensive, open-canopied Tropical dry
deciduous forests as per Champion & Seth forest classification, characterized by the
trees Acacia, Albizia and Hardwickia. But much of the original forest has been cleared for
agriculture, timber, grazing and firewood. Overexploitation of the forests for fuel wood and
fodder has resulted in much of the original forest being degraded into thickets and
scrublands. Canthium parriflorum, Cassiaauriculata, Dodoneaviscosa, Erythroxylum
monogynum, Pterolobium hexapetalum and Euphorbia antiquorum are species typical of the
thicket and scrubland vegetation. The species found on banks of river and streams are
Honge/Hulgal (Pongamia pinnata), Nai-Neeral (Euginia corymbosa), Ankole ( Alangium
lamarkii) Salix, Holematti, (Terminali, arjuna) Lekki (Vitex negundo),Gajag (Ceasalphine
bonduc), etc. Grazing and agriculture are the mainstays of the region, and the main crops
include cotton, sorghum, millet, and peanuts.
4.4.8.3
Past System of Forest Management and their Results
Majority of the population in the district is dependent on agriculture who depend on dry crops
and garden cultivation. They also large herds of cattle from which they derive some income.
Hence grazing has to be provided for and regulated. Timber of agricultural implements, small
poles and props for cattle sheds and small quantity of firewood for occasional use are
required and met from the forests. Firewood’s for daily consumption is primarily met from
agricultural wastes like coconut shells and leaves, cotton stems etc. Presently Eucalyptus has
been widely used for doors and window shutters. Eucalyptus poles are also used as reaper
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and rafters. The usage of Mashwal (Chloroxylan swietiona) has come down drastically which
was otherwise used for rafting in mud roof houses.
Looking at the cattle population of the district it is difficult for the existing forest staff to keep
watch and exercise control on cattle grazing in the forests. It has become customary to allow
cattle to graze freely. The cattle graziers set fire to the forests during summer to get new flush
of grass. A sizeable percentage of the shepherd population of the district rearing herds of
sheep and goats use the forests extensively.
Social forestry scheme, which was started in 1980 under the World Bank assistance, has
changed the dynamics of forestry activity in the division. The afforestation activities
undertaken in non-forest areas like, canal banks, roadside, schools, C and D lands, Gomals
and tank foreshores have added more greenery. A selected few species planted, namely,
Bevu, Ficus, Albizia, Sissoo have done extremely well. A new approach towards raising of
tall seedlings for roadsides and urban forestry has changed the total scenario. A separate
division was created for these activities under Zilla Panchayat at district level. Most of the
rural employment schemes are operating in this division. A new concept of afforestation on
watershed basis was designed during 1990.
4.4.8.4 International efforts for Biodiversity Conservation
Conserving biodiversity is not an issue confined to any one country or community. It is a
crucial global concern. Several international treaties and agreements are in place in the
attempt to strengthen international participation and commitment towards conserving
biodiversity. Some of these are given below:
The Convention on Biological Diversity: This was signed during the Earth Summit in 1992.
It focuses not only on conserving biodiversity but also on sustainable use of biological
resources and equitable sharing of benefits arising from its use.
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna
(CITES): This is an international treaty which is designed to protect wild plants and animals
affected by international trade. The treaty, in force since 1975, controls the export, import and
re-export of endangered and threatened wildlife.
The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance: This Convention, also known as
the Ramsar Convention, was signed in Ramsar (Iran) in 1971 and came into force in
December 1975. It provides a framework for international cooperation for the conservation of
wetland habitats which have been designated to the 'List of Wetlands of International
Importance. Programmes have also been launched for scientific management and wise use of
wetlands, mangroves and coral reef ecosystems. Twenty one wetlands, and mangrove areas
and four coral reef areas have been identified for intensive conservation and management
purposes.
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4.4.8.5Approach and Methodology
4.4.8.5.1 Approach
A participatory and consultative approach was followed in executing the assignment on
ecology & biodiversity assessment of the mining core and 10-km buffer region (Fig). Further
enquiries were made with forest officials, revenue department and local villagers. Literature
survey included a review of the forest working plan, Census hand book, Gazetteer and other
records related to the ecology of the region.
A team comprising flora and fauna specialist from METAMORPHOSISSM Project
Consultants Pvt. Ltd., along with Dr. Shanth A. Thimmaiah (EIA coordinator) have visited
Thagadur Chromite Mine and 10-km buffer area and held discussion with MML authorities
on 22nd and 23rd January 2014. They have highlighted the mining history, shown us the mine
lease boundary, and shown us the restoration works carried out from the inception of mining
in the region. They have further explained to us about the future afforestation works to be
undertaken in the region. We have also discussed with Forest Department (local forest
guards) about their knowledge of local species flora and fauna belonging to the reserve forest
lying in 10-km radius area of the project.
For the proposed study, we have followed the “EIA Guidance manual for mining of minerals
prepared by the administrative staff college of Hyderabad. As per the guidelines baseline data
on biodiversity collected and represented
4.4.8.5.2 Phyto-sociological Survey of the Study Area
In order to have a representative ecological status for the study area, the whole study area was
divided into four quartiles for sampling i.e. NE (Q-1), NW (Q-2) SW (Q-3) and SE (Q-4)
(Fig 3.1 & Fig. 2.1). Each quartile was examined for representative flora on randomly
sampled quadrates for trees and shrubs depending upon prevailing geographical conditions
and bio-diversity aspects. We have also documented the herbs and climbers of the region,
similar approach was carried out within the core area of mine lease (ML).
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Quartile IV
Quartile III
Quartile I
Quartile II
Fig. 4.21: Vegetation characteristics of trees and shrubs in four quartile of 10 km radius
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Quadrates of 40, 25 × 25-m were laid down randomly within core and 10-km buffer area;
each quadrate was laid to assess the trees (>5 cm GBH) and 10 × 10-m sub-quadrate (40)
nested within the quadrate for shrubs and two, 1 × 1-m for herbs (80 plots) (Fig.3.2). The
quadrates were laid at a minimum distance
of a kilometer apart to maximize the
sampling efforts and minimize the species
homogeneity, such as small stream area,
trees in agricultural bunds, tank bunds,
farm forestry plantations, natural forest
area, avenue plantations, house backyards,
etc. In each sample quadrate, individuals
belonging to tree, shrub and herb species
were recorded separately, and have been
identified on
the field. The prevailing land use and habitat quality has been
noted down for each location on the field.
Phyto-sociological parameters, viz., Abundance (i.e., density), average, and minimum stems
were measured to determine the distribution and ecological aspects of the species. Abundance
is a measure of density of the distribution of an individual species within a given area. It is
calculated by summation of individuals of a species. Average species numbers were
calculated with all quadrates; similarly minimum numbers of individuals represented were
recorded at quadrate level.
Species diversity means variety or variability. Therefore, it refers to the variation that exists
among the different living forms. It is estimated that there are more than 50 million different
species of living organisms on the earth. With growing concern of species becoming extinct
at a very rapid pace, identification of different species of plants and animals and then
conserving them is of primary importance. Species diversity analysis indicates the extent of
biodiversity in the given ecosystem and helps to develop a conservation plan for the given
region.
Species diversity was calculated by using the formula of Shannon and Wiener (1963) as:
Where Hˊ is Shannon index of general diversity,
belonging to the ith species in the dataset of interest.
is often the proportion of individuals
Evenness index was calculated as E = Hˊ/Hmax, where Hmax = log2 (number of species in the
plot).
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The Shannon– Wiener index is thought to represent the uncertainty of a community and gives
more weight to the rarer species. Evenness index given an idea of the real dispersion as
compared with the maximum dispersion taking into account the number of species present in
the quadrate.
Shannon–Wiener indices of diversity vary depending upon the species richness or the number
of species present in the given unit area and their dominance or evenness. As the species
richness and evenness increase, Shannon–Wiener indices of diversity also increase
correspondingly. On the other hand, when the species richness decreases and dominance
increases, diversity also decreases. Thus, communities with the least number of species with
high level of dominance or low level of uniformity will have lower diversity. Thus, it is a
statistical function based on the richness and evenness components. Evenness and dominance
are inversely related.
Besides measuring these parameters, other biodiversity aspects in the form of endemic status,
keystone species, threatened status, and IUCN, Red-data books of the Botanical Survey of
India (BSI), have been verified for their conservation status.
A keystone species: Is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its
environment relative to its abundance. Such species are described as playing a critical role in
maintaining the structure of an ecological community, affecting many other organisms in
an ecosystem and helping to determine the types and numbers of various other species in the
community.
The IUCN Species Programme of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC), has for
more than four decades been assessing the conservation status of species, subspecies,
varieties, and even selected subpopulations on a global scale in order to highlight taxa
threatened with extinction, and therefore promote their conservation.
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species provides taxonomic, conservation status and
distribution information on plants and animals that have been globally evaluated using the
IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (Fig. 3.2). This system is designed to determine the
relative risk of extinction, and the main purpose of the IUCN Red List is to catalogue and
highlight those plants and animals that are facing a higher risk of global extinction (i.e., those
listed as Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable). The IUCN Red List also
includes information on plants and animals that are categorised as Extinct or Extinct in the
Wild; on taxa that cannot be evaluated because of insufficient information (i.e., are Data
Deficient); and on plants and animals that are either close to meeting the threatened
thresholds or that would be threatened if not considered for an ongoing taxon-specific
conservation programme (i.e., are Near Threatened).
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IUCN categories showing threatened species categories
4.4.8.5.3 Faunal diversity
Mammals were observed using indirect methods such as faecal matter (i.e., scat) and pug
mark by establishing 10 × 100-m linear transects depending on the habitat (i.e,. existing
wildlife game routes/forest trails used). We have also documented few mammals by direct
sighting. We have used point count method for bird documentation as per standard method by
Sutherland (1996), which involved 10-minute observation in each point during early morning
hours (6.00 to 10.00 AM). We have enumerated 20 point-counts in each quartile, which
constitute a total of 80 points-counts (20 × 4) within 10-km radius area. The butterfly was
enumerated by 2 linear transects of 10 × 100 m were laid within each quartile at minimum
interval of 1 km. Further, reptiles and fishes documented in existing literature and secondary
information in consultation with local people and wildlife experts.
Apart from field observation, consultations were held with knowledgeable persons of the
villages, and frontline forest department officials to validate the field observation and
information cited in the literature. To know the endemic or conservation status of the fauna,
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife Preservation Act (1972) has been screened.
Amphibians were given in Appendix 1b under faunal section. We have screened schedules of
Wildlife Act of Ministry of Environment & Forests, accordingly we have not come across
endangered or threatened species in core area of the project site. The faunal species listed were
also observed outside the buffer region.
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4.4.9 Green Belt Plan
As per the EIA guidelines of Ministry of Environment and Forests, 16.0 ha of the area
should be brought under green cover. The details such as species, width, planning schedule
and the cost analysis, etc., is given in the Annexure 22.
Recommended Lease Area Species for Green Belt Development2
Acacia auriculiformis
Azadirachta indica
Bougainvillea spectabilis
Delonix regia ( Gulmohur)
Tree
Tree
Shrub
Tree
Tolerance
limit
Tolerant
T
T
Sensitive
Euphorbia tirucalli
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Ixora arborea
Ixora rosea
Lawsonia inermis (Mendi)
Shrib
Small tree
Small tree
Small tree
Shrub
T
T
T
T
T
NA
23.32
17.3
20.30
17.0
Mangifera indica ( Am)
Tree
T
30.77
Seeds/
grafting/
budding/
Melia azadirachta
Tree
T
-
Seeds
cutting
Nerium indicum
Peltophorum pterocarpum
Polylathia longifolia
Sesbania sesban
Shrub
Tree
Tree
Shrub
T
T
T
T
15.7
16.68
22.27
19.2
Cutting
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds
Tamarindus indica
Tectona grandis
Tree
Tree
T
T
18.4
23.48
Seeds
Seeds
Lease Area species
Habit
Stomatal
index
10.9
29.2
32.53
14.38
Mode of
Regeneration
Seeds
Seeds
Cutting
Seeds
/stem
cutting
Cuttings
stem cutting
stem cutting
Stem cutting
Seeds
/stem
cutting
/stem
T: Tolerant, NA =Not available
2
Sources: CPCB (March, 2000) PROBES/75/1999-2000& Red-data books of the Botanical Survey of India
(BSI)
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Photo No. 4.1: Plantation in the mine lease area
4.4.9.1Land Use Studies
Studies on land use aspects of eco-system play an important role in identifying sensitive
issues and to take appropriate action to maintain “Ecological Homeostasis” in the region. The
main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km
radius around the Lease Area so that temporal changes due to the industries activities on the
surroundings can be assessed in future.
4.4.9.1.1 Objectives
The objectives of the land use studies are;
o
To determine the present land use pattern,
o
To determine the temporal changes in land use pattern due to construction and
operation phase,
o
To analyze the impacts on land use due to proposed capacity expansion activities in
the study area,
o To give recommendations for optimizing the future land use pattern viz-a-viz growth
of industrial activities in the study area and their associated impacts.
4.4.9.1.2 Methodology
The land use of the study area is studied by analyzing the available secondary data as the
latest village wise census of 2011. Besides these records, the agricultural census and district
statistical handbooks of respective Villages and also studied during site visit on 22nd January
2014.
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4.4.9.1.3 Land Use based on Census Data 2011
The study area has been divided in to two zones viz. Core Zone within the mining lease area
614.99 ha and Buffer Zone falling within the 10 km radius from the project area. The details
are given in Table No. 4.15 and 10 km radius map showing zone considered for the Study
Area Fig. No. 4.22.
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Zone – I Lease Area (614.99
ha)
Zone II – Buffer Zone (0-10
km)
Fig. No. 4.22: 10 km radius map showing zone considered for the Study Area
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Table No. 4.15: Details of Study Area Zones
Sr. No.
Study Area
1
Project Site – 614.99 ha
2
0-10 km
Zones considered for the study
Zone I (Core Zone)
Zone II (Buffer Zone)
The core study area theoretically covers an area of 614.99 ha within the circle
encompassed by 10 km radius around the Lease Area. The 10 km radius buffer zone study
area covers 30926.18 ha around the mine lease area.
For computation of the land use pattern of the study area based on the village-wise landuse data given in the census records, the geographical area o the settlements covered
within the study area, though some villages in the peripheries of the circular study area are
partially covered. Perfect delineation and quantification of land uses for the partially
covered parts of villages of the study area is not possible, hence the entire village area is
considered for the study, irrespective of its coverage within the study area circle. The core
as well as the general study area consists of forest and non-forest lands.
The land use is classified into four types – viz. Forests, Agricultural land, Barren rocky /
Stony waste, Land with / without scrub and Water body, etc., the land use pattern of the
study area details is given in Table No. 4.16 & Table No. 4.17 and land use of 10 km
radius is showing in Fig. No. 4.23.
Table No. 4.16: Land Use of the Mining Lease Area
Sr. No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Particulars
Mining
Roads
Dump Yard
Stock Yards
Afforestation
Structure/colony
Area undisturbed
Total
Exiting
Occupation
Proposed for
End of the
1-5th Year
Mine Life
Total Area
in Ha
29.94
4.00
31.07
0.64
123.00
5.02
421.32
12.61
-9.08
2.00
11.25
-386.38
17.29
-35.19
7.75
34.64
-291.51
59.84
4.00
75.34
10.39
168.89
5.02
291.51
614.99
--
--
614.99
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Table No.4.17: Land Use Pattern of the Study Area
Sl. No.
Land Use
Area (Ha)
1
Forest Land
2
Irrigation Land
3
Un-irrigation Land
4
Cultivable waste land
3272.74
5
Not available for cultivation
5934.19
Total
00.00
4661.72
17057.53
30926.18
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Fig. 4.23: Land-use Pattern of the Study Area
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4.4.10 Socio Economic/Demographic Data
The socio economic study of the region is an important integral part of environmental study,
as the human being are directly connected with the wellbeing and systematic functioning of
the environment. The existing as well as upcoming projects will have some impact (adverse
or beneficial) on the environment. The proposed project may alter the socio economic status
of the society in dual ways – positive and negative as well. Hence, it is important to conduct
socio-economic studies and assess the existing status and also the impacts envisaged by
upcoming project on the socioeconomic conditions of the study area.
A primary data collection by during sample survey of the villages was conducted after
developing the questionnaires. The first hand information regarding number of population,
occupation, literacy level etc., were obtained from the latest census data 2011. There are no
inhabited villages within the project area. Hence, this Socio-economic study was conducted
in the buffer-zone only. The sample questionnaires are enclosed as Annexure 23.
The socio economic condition is summarized below in Table 4.18.
Table 4.18: Socio Economic Condition
Total
Population
Total Literate
Population
Total Non-Literate
Population
Working
Population
Non working
population
62764
27591
13766
21446
19911
4.4.10.1
Population
The population break-up of all the villages coming within the buffer-zone, as per 2011 census
data is given in Table 4.19 and graphically shown in Fig 4.24.
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Table 4.19: Population Details
Population
Total No
Total
of House
Population
Holds
2011
Census
10191
62764
Others
S.C
S.T
M
F
T
M
F
18584
18309
36893
7100
6939
M
F
5823 6009
Fig 4.24: Population Break-up details in Buffer Zone
4.4.10.2
Literacy Level
The distribution of male and female literates and illiterates with-in the buffer zone is given in
Table 4.20 and the same is graphically shown in Fig-4.25.
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Table 4.20: Details of Literacy Level
Population
Male
Female
Population
Male
Female
Lit.
Lit.
Lit.
Illiterate
Illiterate
Illiterate
27591
15308
12283
13766
5196
8570
Fig. 4.25: Literacy of Villages in Buffer Zone
The literacy level in the villages of buffer-zone is 33%. The literacy level among males is
higher than females as per 2011 Census data. The population and literacy details of all
villages in the study area are given in Annexure 24 & 25.
4.4.10.3
Occupational Structure
The strength in each of the category is given in Table 4.21 and graphically shown in Fig4.26.
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Table 4.21: Occupational Structure
Total worker
Population
Total Worker
Male
Total worker
Female
Main worker
Population
Main worker
Male
Main worker
Female
21446
13129
8317
18379
12046
6333
Marginal
workers
Population.
Marginal
workers Male
Marginal
workers Female
Non workers
Population
Non workers
Male
Non workers
Female
3067
1083
1984
19911
7375
12536
Fig. 4.26: Occupational Structure in Study Area
The occupational details for all the twenty villages in the study area are given in Annexure
26.
4.4.10.4
Medical and Educational Facilities
In the study area there are 27 Primary Schools, 36 Middle Schools and 5 Secondary Schools.
The details educational and medical facilities are given in Annexure 27 & 28.
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4.4.10.5
Interpretation of Primary and Secondary Data
An interpretation has been carried-out to understand the primary and secondary data. In the
interpretation, it was showing that the maximum dependency of the local community in the
study area is agricultural activities. It was felt during the interaction that as there is no much
industrial activity around them overwhelmingly supported for industries for come so that the
standard of living and employment for the new generation will be created.
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CHAPTER-5
ANTICIPATED
ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACTS
AND
MITIGATIVE
MEASURES
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER-5
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATIVE MEASURES
5.1 Introduction
The economic growth and environment are not necessarily opposites and can be
complimentary. The environmental impact may be defined as any alteration of existing
environmental conditions or creation of a new set of environmental conditions, (adverse or
beneficial), caused or induced by the action/s under consideration. The proposed expansion of
Mining Activity will have both positive and negative effects on its surroundings due to
resultant impacts. This impact could be either beneficial or detrimental to the environment.
The net impact could be determined by evaluating the impact on various parameters.
The rapid industrialization and associated human activities leads to the generation of
unwanted byproducts, which have an impact on the surrounding, both, biotic and abiotic
environmental components. However, environment has a limited inherent capacity to support
such activities by assimilating pollutants, beyond which, the environment becomes polluted.
To avoid such situation, activities with adverse impact have to be nullified or kept at
minimum level by taking suitable corrective measures. With a proper understanding of cause
and effect and designing suitable measures, it is possible to mitigate negative impacts and
maximize positive impacts on the environment.
5.2 Need for Environmental Impact Assessment
For proper assessment of environmental changes in the coming years, impacts predicted
due to proposed expansion of mining activity are presented for each environmental parameter
is shown in Table 5.1.
Generally, environmental impacts can be categorized as primary or secondary. Primary
impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project and secondary impacts are
those that are indirectly induced and typically include associated investments and changed
patterns of social and economic activities by Proposed Expansion in the Mining Activity. The
impacts depend upon type of topography, magnitude of operation, degree of mechanization,
density of traffic on roads, extent of infrastructural facilities, existing land use pattern and
post project land use pattern, consumption of non-renewable resources like fossil fuels, water,
power etc.
The Proposed Expansion of Mining Activity would cause some adverse impacts on its
surrounding environment, unless proper environmental management plan is adopted.
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Adopting mitigative measures as per the guidelines prescribed by various statutory authorities
enables to minimize the envisaged negative impacts.
The impact prediction due to the Proposed Expansion of Mining Activity has been made in
respect of the parameters considered in present scenario. The quality attributes of ambient air,
water, noise, socio-economic aspects, inventory of flora and fauna in core and buffer-zone are
monitored /measured. These would help in prediction of impacts precisely. For this purpose,
existing base line data generated, needs to be superimposed by impacts from different
activities, which becomes part of the Proposed Expansion of Mining Activity. With such a
superimposition of anticipated impacts on each of environmental parameter indicative of
base-line status, will enable to assess the impact on each of the parameters to be objectively
assessed. With such an idea, baseline scenario of environmental parameters is studied for one
season – Winter 2013-14.
While assessing the impacts due to the Proposed Expansion of Mining Activity, practical
approach has been made to all the parameters on higher side. The impact assessment is made
on the air quality. Further, environmental management plan will nullify the negative effect
due to Proposed Expansion of Mining Activity. This impact assessment focuses on the study
area i.e. 10 Km. radius from the Mine Site.
Table 5.1: Comparative Chart of Various Impacts
Component
Impact Due to Mines & its Management
I.
Air Quality
Meteorology
II.
Water
Air Environment
Impact scenarios of air component due to the Proposed Expansion of
Mining Activity emissions are significant. However the predicted
concentrations are well within the standards as prescribed by CPCB.
The meteorological data collected confirmed that the climatic status
of the study area is consistent with regional meteorology. The Mining
Activity that is coming up has very negligible influence on the
meteorology of the region. As such, the same pattern may continue.
Water Environment
Surface water quality will not get affected as entire quantity of
effluent generated from sanitary uses will be treated within the mine
lease area. Thereby decrease in the make up water. The storm water
during rainy season is harvested from roof tops, vacant plots,
landscaping and paved roads. The harvested water is infiltrated and
percolated into the ground water table.
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Component
Impact Due to Mines & its Management
Water Supply
The water used for the Drilling & Domestic purpose is very
Significant. Water will be met from the Borewell to an extent 86 KLD.
The impact on the water resources in and around the industry is
significant. Water conservation practices, especially Rainwater
harvesting and subsequent recharge into ground water table would
likely improves the groundwater potential on a local basis.
III.
Noise
Noise Environment
There may be increase in noise levels due to the Mining operations
such as drilling, Blasting, HEMMs etc., There is no direct or indirect
impact on nearby residence due to the noise produced in the Mine.
The noise level beyond one kilometer from the industry is
insignificant.
IV.
Land and Biological Environment
Forests
No impact on forests and endangered plant species.
Flora and Fauna
There is no negative impact on flora and fauna due to proposed
activity.
Land Use
Mine site, which is about 614.99 ha, is utilized for various
establishments. As human activities increases around the Mine site,
land prices may likely to increase.
Landscape
Plant erection and rich plantation improve the visual effect.
Solid waste
Municipal Solid waste that gets generated, which is not usable for
any purpose will be disposed in controlled land filling in mine
lease area. Biological soild waste will be treated and will be used as
manure for greenvelt development. Soild waste generated from the
mine will be used for back filling in the mined out area.
V. Socio Economic Environment
Educational Facilities No significant impact is anticipated immediately. However
Project authority committed for the overall
development of the area adopting “Corporate Social
Responsibility”.
Medical
Evey six month medical facility will be provided to all the employees
who are working in the mines.
Occupational Facilities Some
of
the
employees
will
employment and many others indirect employment
Transportation
Slight impact due to increase in vehicular traffic.
Power Supply
Power will be drawn from the State Electricity Grid
find
direct
Impact check list for mine operation phases are presented in shown in Table 5.2.
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Table 5.2: Impact Checklist during Mining Operation
Environmental
Land Water Water
Activities
Parameters
Use
Air
Noise Solid Hou Infra Servi
Qualit Qualit
y
P
P
Wast Strue sing cture
P
ces y
Mine
P
P
Water
P
Commissioning
Gaseous Emissions
N
Requirement
P
P
P
Product Handling
N
P
N
Spill/Leakages
Startup/ Shutdown
P
P
P
P
P
Equipment Failure
P
P
P
N
P
Transportation
N
P
Housing
P
P
P
P
Education
P
P
Health and
P
P
Note: P –Possible Impact & N- Negative Impact
Rec
The environmental impact matrix is presented in the below table, which classifies
the environmental parameters listed under impact statement and check lists into
different heads. Likely beneficial impact is indicated by positive sign, likely harmful
impact is indicated by negative sign is given in Table 5.3.
Table 5.3: Impact Statement Matrix
Environmental
Land Wa Water Air
Parameters
Activities
Use ter Qualit Quali e
ty
Construction
N
N
N
N
Nois Solid
N
Infra
Servi Socio Ecol
Waste Structu ces
re
P
Mines Operation
N
N
N
N
N
P
Water
N
N
Gaseous
N
Requirement
Spills/Leaks/
N
N
N
Emissions
Equipment
Material
N
N
P
Failure
Transportation
N
N
P
Handling
Social Activities
Note: N – Indicates Negative Impact; P – Positive Impact
P
P
Econo ogy y
my
P
N
P
N
N
N
P
P
P
N
N
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5.3 Air Environment
Following are the sources of air pollution identified and for which control measures are to be
implemented.
 Mine Haul Roads
 Drilling Operations
 Loading Operations
5.3.1 Vehicular Traffic
For Vehicle movement, metallic roads will be constructed to control emissions. Sprinklers on
road will be put up to minimize emissions.
5.3.2 Impact due to Transportation
The total production and development from the mine is 1,06,200 and 11,89,000 tones per
annum. The estimation of tippers for transport of the material is given in the Table 5.4.
Table 5.4: Estimation of Tippers for Transporatation of Materials
Particulars
Production
Development
Total
Total Quantity, tpa
Capacity of each truck, tones
Number of trucks for total quantity
Operational days
Number of trucks per day
Operational hours for trucks in a day
1,06,200
10
10,620
300
10
8
11,89,000
10
1,18,900
300
10
8
12,95,200
10
1,29,520
300
10
8
2
2
2
Number of trucks per hour
From the above table, it can be seen that the total number of trucks required for transport of
finished product will be 2 tippers / hr.
5.3.3 Meteorological Data
The meteorological data was recorded continuously during the months of December 2013,
January – February 2014 hourly basis on different parameters like wind speed, wind
direction and temperature. The same has been processed to extract the 24 hourly mean
meteorological data as per the guidelines of MoEF for application of AERMOD model.
Stability classes computed for mean hours are based on guidelines issued by CPCB on
modeling. For mixing heights, representative of the region have also been taken from
available published literature to improve the efficiency of the result.
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5.3.4 Application of AERMOD
The ISCST3 model with following options has been employed to predict ground level
concentrations due to emissions from various sources.
1. The area being rural, rural dispersion parameters are considered.
2. Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial
distance of 10 km around the sources.
3. Cartesian receptor network with elevated terrain has been considered.
4. Emission rates from point sources and area sources were considered as constant.
5. Settling velocity of particles is considered.
6. Calm winds recorded during study period were also taken into consideration.
7. 24 hourly mean ground level concentrations were estimated for Winter season 201314, using the meteorological data of December 2013, January & February 2014. The
details of Production of Chromite and Titaniferrous Magnetite Development Proposed
for coming four years period is given in the Table 5.5 and Table 5.6.
Table 5.5: Details of Production and Over Burden of the Mine
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
27,740
33,060
39,140
45,220
7,00,315
5,25,547
7,33,579
11,50,050
1:25.24
1:15:89
1:18.74
1:25.43
Total
1,45,160
31,09,491
1:21.42
Table 5.6: Production & Development Details of Titaniferrous Magnetite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
33,775
51,100
51,975
51,975
25,190
33,660
34,650
41,910
1:0.74
1:0.65
1:0.66
1:0.80
Total
1,88,825
1,35,410
1:0.71
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5.3.5 Emission Details
It is an open cast method of mining. So there is air pollution except from the blasting,
loading, unloading, drilling, Vehicle & Machinery movement. Mist spraying will be adopted
for controlling air pollution due to blasting, loading, unloading, drilling units. The details of
emission are given in Table 5.7.
Table 5.7: Emission Details
Description
Quantity (MTPA)
Chromite Production
Titani ferrous Magnetite
Over Burden
0.045
0.051
1.191
Total
1.287
A. Point source emission
Drill – 1
= 0.59 kg/hole =
0.37 gm/sec
B. Area Source emission – Excavation of Chromite
Quantity, MTPA
Emission of dust, g/t
Emission of dust, g/year
Area of influence, m2
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/s/m2
Controlled Emission rate, g/s/m2
0.045
PM10
PM10
PM10
PM10
*0.136
6120
625
0.000000343
0.0000000343
C. Area Source emission – Excavation of Titani ferrous Magnetite
Quantity, MTPA
Emission of dust, g/t
Emission of dust, g/year
Area of influence, m2
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/s/m2
Controlled Emission rate, g/s/m2
0.051
PM10
PM10
PM10
PM10
*0.136
6936
625
0.00000038
0.000000038
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D. Area Source emission – Excavation of Overburden
Quantity, MTPA
Emission of dust, g/t
Emission of dust, g/year
Area of influence, m2
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/s/m2
Controlled Emission rate, g/s/m2
1.191
PM10
PM10
PM10
PM10
*0.136
16184
625
0.00000090
0.000000090
E. LINE SOURCE - Transport of Chromite - Working Pit to lease boundary
Quantity, MTPA
0.045
Capacity of each dumper
Total number of dumper per year
Lead length per trip, km
Total VKT per year
Emission kg/VKT
Total emission kg per year
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/sec
Controlled emission rate, g/sec
Parameters considered : Vehicle Height : 2.5 m
10
4500
2.00(two way)
9000
+
PM10
0.133
PM10
1197
PM10
0.04198
PM10
0.004198
Vehicle width : 2.5 m
F. LINE SOURCE - Transport of Titani ferrous Magnetite - Working Pit to
Lease Boundary
Quantity, MTPA
Capacity of each dumper
Total number of dumper per year
Lead length per trip, km
Total VKT per year
Emission kg/VKT
Total emission kg per year
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/sec
Controlled emission rate, g/sec
Parameters considered : Vehicle Height : 2.5 m
0.051
10
5100
2.00 (two way)
10200
+
PM10
0.133
PM10
1356.6
PM10
0.0475
PM10
0.00475
Vehicle width : 2.5 m
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G. LINE SOURCE - Transport of Overburden- Working Pit to OB dump
Quantity, MTPA
1.19
Capacity of each dumper
Total number of dumper per year
Lead length per trip, km
Total VKT per year
Emission kg/VKT
Total emission kg per year
Uncontrolled Emission rate, g/sec
Controlled emission rate, g/sec
Parameters considered : Vehicle Height : 2.5 m
10
119000
3.00 (two way)
238000
+
PM10
0.133
PM10
31654
PM10
1.11
PM10
0.11
Vehicle width : 2.5 m
Note * Emission factor computed based on wind speed of 2 m/sec and moisture of 10 %.
+ Emission factor computed based on silt content of 10 % and moisture content of 10%.
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Table 5.8: Predicted High 50 24-Hourly Average Groundlevel Concentrations of
Particulate Matter (PM10) Season: Winter 2013-14
RANK
CONC
g/m3
ON
AT
RECEPTOR
(XR,YR) OF
(m,m)
TYPE RANK
CONC
ON
g/m3
AT
RECEPTOR
(XR,YR) OF
(m,m)
TYPE
1
2
18.35258c 14011324 AT (513.03, -1409.54)
9.89061 13121024 AT ( 513.03, -1409.54)
GP
GP
26
27
5.69367
5.61556
13120724 AT (500.00, -866.03)
13120824 AT (750.00, -1299.04)
GP
GP
3
8.97270c 13122024 AT (513.03, -1409.54)
GP
28
5.41187c
13121724 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
4
8.83892c 14021724 AT (642.79, -766.04)
GP
29
5.15611
13120824 AT (513.03, -1409.54)
GP
5
8.41374c 13122024 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
30
5.06935
14020624 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
6
7
8.41325c 13122824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
8.09582c 14010824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
31
32
4.92221c
4.88713c
14010524 AT (642.79, -766.04)
13120924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
8
7.90782c 14021724 AT (766.04, -642.79)
GP
33
4.83311c
14012824 AT (342.02, -939.69)
GP
9
7.32083
13120124 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
34
4.83180c
14011324 AT (260.47, -1477.21)
GP
10
11
7.06414c 14011324 AT (500.00, -866.03)
6.81764c 13121824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
35
36
4.79159c
4.78105c
14021724 AT (866.03, -500.00)
14010924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
12
6.65863c 14012824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
37
4.76574c
13122024 AT (342.02, -939.69)
GP
13
6.62025c 13120924 AT (750.00, -1299.04)
GP
38
4.73755
14010124 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
14
15
6.56342
6.38951
13120224 AT (500.00, -866.03)
14011824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
39
40
4.64097c
4.63802
13122824 AT (342.02, -939.69)
13122624 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
16
6.32491
13120124 AT (642.79, -766.04)
GP
41
4.63486
14011224 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
17
6.31224
13122924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
42
4.6213
14021924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
18
19
6.30961c 13121924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
6.15564 13121024 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
43
44
4.54022c
4.50321c
14010824 AT (342.02, -939.69)
13120624 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
20
6.14161c 14020524 AT (642.79, -766.04)
GP
45
4.46448c
14020524 AT (766.04, -642.79)
GP
21
5.96696c 14010524 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
46
4.40376c
13121524 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
22
23
5.92522 14020924 AT (642.79, -766.04)
5.79640c 14020824 AT (642.79, -766.04)
GP
GP
47
48
4.40079c
4.3143
14010524 AT (766.04, -642.79)
14020924 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
GP
13121024 AT (750.00, -1299.04)
GP
49
4.30807c
14020524 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
5.71552c 14020824 AT (500.00, -866.03)
GP
50
4.15838
14020424 AT (642.79, -766.04)
GP
24
25
5.7236
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10 000
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
-2 000
WINDROSE : WINTER 2013-14
-4 000
ISOPLETH INTERVAL (ug/m3)
-6 000
14
11
8
5
2
-8 000
SCALE (M)
-10 000
-100 00
0
-8 000
-60 00
-40 00
-200 0
0
200 0
400 0
6000
FIG GROUNDLEVEL INCREMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS OF PM10
8000
2000
4000
100 00
Project: Thagadur Chromite Mine
Project Proponent: M/s. Mysore Mineral Limited
Location: Thagadur Village, Channarayapatna Taluk,
Hassan District, Karnataka State.
Fig 5.1: Predicted Ground Level Concentrations of Particulate Matter
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99
5.3.5.1Maximum Ground Level Concentrations
Predictions have been carried out using ISC AERMOD VIEW for study period. The ground
level concentrations of PM, SOX and NOX were estimated using mean meteorological data to
project incremental increase of concentrations due to emissions from the mine. It was found
that, PM10, SOX and NOX were 60.9, 17.7 and 21.4 µg/m3 respectively. The distribution of
pollutants in study area as a result of the mean meteorological conditions during winter
season.
5.3.5.2Overall Scenario
For estimating the overall scenario, the maximum ground level concentration due to
emissions from the mine and boiler are superimposed on the maximum baseline
concentrations obtained during the study period. The overall scenario with predicted
concentrations over the baseline is given below in Table 5.9.
Table 5.9: Overall Scenario
Parameters
Baseline value (max)
Maximum
predicted
ground
level
PM (µg/m3)
SOX (µg/m3)
NOX (µg/m3)
58
16.9
20.4
2.9
0.84
1.02
60.9
17.7
21.4
concentration (max)
Overall Scenario
5.3.6 Air Pollution Control Measures
With the increase in production of the proposed project to produce 1.062 LTPA of Chromite
and other minerals there will not be any impact on surrounding Ecology & Environment.
Management proposes the following effective control measures. Generation of dust in the
working area can be controlled by suitable methods to keep the pollutant within the
permissible limits, as prescribed by CPCB.
 Dust Extraction System to be used in Drill Machines
 Use of Sharp drill bits for drilling Holes and drills with Water Flushing System (Wet
Drilling) to reduce dust generation.
 Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered with tarpaulin.
 Water spraying on roads, waste dumps, sub-grade stacks and mine faces.
 Drilling by using dust extractors.
 Well designed blast by effective stemming and use of optimum charge.
 Transport vehicles will be regularly checked for their environmental fitness like
pollution under control and fitness etc.
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 Green barriers with tall growing thick foliage plants species will be developed around
the mine lease area towards noise transmission and dust dispersion.
 For safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points
Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) would be provided and ensured for using the
same.
 Environmental monitoring of air quality to take mid-course correction, if required to
keep the pollution constituent with-in the permissible limits always.
 Construction of well designed haulage roads.
 Monitoring of air quality periodically to take necessary steps to keep the pollution
with-in the permissible limits.
5.4 Noise Pollution Control Measures
Monitoring data doesn’t show any abnormal values in the buffer zone villages. Due to
increase in production of the proposed project, the traffic on the road due to movement of
trucks may contribute to some extent to the ambient noise. In order to protect the workers and
near by population from excessive noise levels, if any, the following control measures are
proposed to deal with control of noise pollution both at source, during transmission and at
receiver’s end.
 Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs with in-built
mechanism to reduce noise emission.
 Blasting operations to be carried out during only in day time to avoid high noise in the
night time.
 A green belt will be made by selecting thick foliage and tall growing plants around
the mine lease area which will act as acoustic barriers in arresting noise transmission.
 Providing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed
continuously to the high noise zone/ operation area i.e., to drillers and compressor
operator etc.
 Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones.
 Use of sharp drilling bits, delivery of compressed air at optimal pressure.
 Corrective & preventive maintenance of Vehicle & machinery including transport
vehicles.
 Providing rubber lining at screening decks to reduce noise generation.
 Blasting noise shall be minimized / reduced by using optimum spacing and burden
with proper charge.
5.4.1 Vibration
The vibration levels from the designed blasting pattern are expected to be well below the
permissible limits, as the drilling and blasting will be carried- out with jack-hammer drills of
33 mm dia. The following mitigation measures shall be adopted.
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5.4.1.1Mitigation Measures for Vibration
o Peck particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and
residential building should be well within 12.5 mm/sec.
o To contain fly rocks, stemming column will not be less than the burden of the
hole and the blasting area should be muffled.
o A danger-zone of 500 m from the blasting site shall be monitored.
o Charge weight used per hole will not exceed 300 gm
o Stemming column shall be more than the burden to avoid blow-out shots.
o Each blast shall be carefully planned, supervised, executed.
5.5 Water Environment
The impact on the water environment has been considered based on the impact that is going
to cause by the proposed expansion of mining activity on the following;

Impact on ground water source.

Impact on surface water bodies.

Storm water management.
5.5.1 Water Requirement
The total anticipated water requirement for the proposed expansion of mining activity is
about 124 KLD. This will be met from the borewell within in mine lease area.
5.5.1.1Impact on Ground Water Bodies
The material from the mine i.e the Chromite, Titaniferrous Magnatite and other sub minerals,
is non-toxic in nature, hence there will not be any pollution to ground water even if there is
seepage. Required quantity of 124 KLD of water will be met through borewell within in the
mine lease area. The domestic waste water will be treated in the CPCB Approved Septic
Tank and Soak Pit. Hence there no impact on the ground water and also it is proposed to
adopt efficient water conservation method in the proposed expansion of mining activity.
5.5.1.2Impact on Surface Water Bodies
There are no surface water bodies within in the lease area. Hence there is no trade effluent
generation from the proposed expansion activity. As such there is no chance of overflow of
any type of waste water from the mine lease area and hence there is no impact anticipated on
the surface water bodies from the implementation of the proposed expansion of mining
activity.
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5.5.1.3Rain Water Harvesting Programme
Efficient rain water harvesting program will be implemented both on the roof top and also
from the vacant land, to store monsoon run-off from the mine site. The mining area sloping
on all the sides, the surface run off will be carried to the Agricultural Field in the lower
contour beyond the Lease Area. Bhuvanahalli Kere which carry from the respective irrigation
system and also effective bunds will be provided to prevent runoff and to arrest wash off
from the dump slope. Further, there will not be any water pollution to the surface water
bodies.
5.5.1.4Proposed Treatment Method
Domestic waste water is generated from mainly office building, toilets and bathrooms and
same will be treated in the CPCB Approved Septic Tank and Soak Pit.
5.6 Occupation Health & Safety
The detailed measures taken as per the requirement for occupational Health and Safety along
with the explanation is given below in Table 5.10.
Table 5.10: Requirement for occupational Health and Safety
Sr.No
1.
Requirement
What
environmental
Explanation
principal
Short trem
and Accident
Long term
during
occupational risks are likely mine operation
to be created.
1.
Accident
Hearing
continuous
during noise
transportation
of equipment,
loss
due
to
exposure to
generating
and
or
material & finished location.
goods.
2.
Rank the risks to public
Negligible.
health in order of severity.
3.
How will risks be assessed.
Design of hazard risk assessment matrices for
ranking occupational health risks in mineral
processing industries.
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Sr.No
4.
Requirement
Explanation
Measures to communicate All the risks and steps for prevention & control
these risks to people and will be communicated during induction training.
steps
for
prevention
& Periodical refresher training will be conducted to
control of the anticipated all the workers to educate the workers at the time
risk.
of accidents and also to overcome risk hazardous.
Providing display boards at the approach road
and other critical locations in local language and
in engilish.
5.
How would the health impact The health status will be obtained by carrying out
assessment
undertaken,
if reconnaissance survey of both the employees and
needed.
the nearby villagers on regular basis and if
necessary free annual health camp will be
organized to help the villagers and the workers as
social obligation.
6.
Does project provide a hiring In house facilities with specialized person in
a person with established occupation health with established credentials
credentials to be able to will be hired.
undertake such activities.
7.
Name specialized agency to In house facility will be provided.
undertake an environmental
health study, if needed.
8.
Budget
and
for
environmental Designated amount has been earmarked for
occupational
health taking up environmental & occupational health
activities.
9.
activities.
Break up of the budget for Provided in EMP
every activity proposed to be
undertaken.
10.
List of hazardous operations / In the Chemical Analysis, Laboratory, DG
activities that are likely.
11.
Operation Etc.
How long are they expected During the mines operation period.
to be employed.
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Sr.No
12.
Requirement
Explanation
Would a safety committee be Yes
constituted.
13.
Who will be the members of 1. Mines Manager.
safety committee.
2. Safety Officer
3. Worker’s representative
14.
What will be the function of Function
To implement the proposed OHAS
safety committee and who
management
will head it.
Environmental Program and to
plan
&
take proper mitigative measure
proposed in the EIA & EMP
Head
15.
Will there be a budget to Budget has been allocated under Recurring
allow it to hold meetings.
Is
16.
Mines Manager
there
a
induction
Annual Cost For Environmental Protection
provision
training
of Yes (Half Yearly), Under occupational Category
for
workers health and safety.
17.
How workplace exposures By internal audit (Medical Officer of the Mine)
will be assessed.
How
18.
these
and periodical medical check up.
will
be Non conformance will be made as circular and
communicated and explained will be displayed at the relevant places.
to the workers.
19.
Who will conduct training Health & Safety Officer and Occupational Health
and
education
occupational
health
in Practitioner.
and
safety.
20.
Where
will
health All the mines workers will be sent to local
surveillance be undertaken.
21.
hospital once in a year.
What occupational illness are Not enisaged.
anticipated in view of the
hazardous exposure
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Sr.No
22.
Requirement
Explanation
Who will pay for the tests All expenditure related to health check up and
and the treatment of non treatment of the workers will be borne the by
occupational illness.
23.
organization.
Who will compensate the All the workers will be covered under ESI
workers
for
health /Medical Reimbursement. The management will
impairment due to injury or make their contribution towards subscriptions.
illness.
The
24.
amount
compensation:
minimum
and
of As per ESI Act/ Worksmen Compensation Act.
List
the
maximum
amount stipulated
How will and how long the Individual health record of every worker will be
records of health checkups be maintained till the end of service.
25.
maintained and what will
happen to records when the Annual health check report will be submitted to
project ends
Who
26.
will
the local health center.
identify Internal Occupational Health Practitioner.
occupational disease early to
prevent serious damage
27.
28.
What measure are to be
undertaken for following
Preventing heat stress
Preventing noise exposure
Not Applicable
Individual
Providing ear muff / ear plug to all
the employees working in the high
noise
29.
area
and
reducing
the
exposure time.
Common
Regular
maintenance
of
transportation vehicles and.
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Sr.No
Requirement
Explanation
Preventing injuries
Environmental Safety Policy and Preventive
actions shall be displayed at relevant places,
awareness
30.
program
will
be
conducted
periodically to educate the workers on different
components
of
health,
safety
and
the
environment.
31.
Providing ergonomic support
Ergonomic support will be provide by Ergonomic
Program Manager (EPM) who is trained under
OH&S.
Who
32.
will
undertake Mines Manager and Administration Officer.
administration of Personal
Protective Equipment
What
if
any
action
is At the end of service of the workers, the health
proposed when the project certificate will be provided from district medical
33.
ends,
exposed
workers
and
have
become officer
after
thorough
checkup
from
the
latent environmental budget of organization.
disease which may appear in
future.
5.7 Land Environment
The site preparation proposed expansion of mining activity will slightly alter the
environmental conditions resulting in air and noise pollution. However this scenario is of
short duration. There are no settlements in the site and hence no displacement of the people is
required.
5.7.1 Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Soil Resource
5.7.1.1Impact on soil nutrients and soil biota
[
The proposed expansion of mining activity is gently grades from approximately 20-25 m
elevation difference from highest peak to lowest in a southeast direction. Since the area is
having gentle slope and undulating terrain needs to be leveled for approach roads. This
process may not much damage on soil nutrients and biota, but may cause some other
secondary impacts such as decrease the water infiltration and also reduce the ground water
level in the region.
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5.7.1.2Mitigation Measures
5.7.1.2.1 Muck Disposal Plan
The top soil coming in the proposed expansion in the mining area should be removed and
reused for green belt development. During the process of excavation if stones and gravels are
encountered, the same should be used in construction work or can be used construction of
check dams, gully plugs, retaining walls etc. Apart from these if there is any generation of
large quantity of muck then it should be stacked to height not exceeding 2m in designated
area within the mining area.
5.7.1.2.2 Slope Stabilization and Soil Embankments
Soil conservation and slip protection works have been carried out by constructing check
walls, retaining walls, terracing, rock anchors, rock bolts, shot create with wire mesh and
wire crates etc. In order to protect the structures of the project a number of soil erosion/slope
stabilization measures have to be taken up project authority. Depending upon the
structures/geological conditions of the area the soil erosion/ slope stabilization measures
should be executed at different locations of the project
Grading (the excavation and creation of the road bench) creates large expanses of bare soil,
and should therefore be performed only during dry spring, summer or early fall conditions.
All road construction activities, including the installation of stream crossings and erosion
control work, will be scheduled for completion before the onset of the rainy period, which is
usually around the middle of October.
5.7.1.2.3 Balanced Cut and Fill (BCF) Construction
In BCF construction, the dozer starts at the top of the proposed cut slope, excavating and side
casting material until the desired road grade and width. Material is pushed or "drifted" in
front of the blade to areas where fill is needed. Road fill is used to cover culverts and build up
flat or low areas along the alignment. In BCF construction, some of the waste material moves
down the slope below the final roadbed and cannot be compacted or contained. For this
reason, BCF construction methods are not suitable on steep slopes (over 55%) or moderate
slopes (40% - 55%) that are near streams where uncompacted material could become
saturated during wet weather and move down slope.
5.7.1.2.4 Full Bench Construction
Full bench construction typically involves excavation of the roadbed using a hydraulic
excavator. A bench is cut into the rock or soil equal to the width of the road plus the width of
any ditch that may be required. Normally, no material is side cast, and excavated waste is
used to fill low areas or stream crossings along the road alignment. Usually, only a very
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minor amount can be safely drifted down the road and compacted on the road bench or
feathered over the edge. The most efficient use of the excavated waste is to construct road
fills such as in saddles, fills over culverts, or other BCF sections of the road. Excess material
can be hauled off-site to a stable storage location.
Full bench road construction is typically reserved for slopes over 55%, or where a road
approaches or parallels a stream channel that could be impacted by side casting excess
material. End hauling of waste material can be expensive, and full bench construction can
cost four to seven times more than balanced cut and fill methods.
However, full bench road construction on steep slopes without end hauling is very likely to
result in side cast material failing on many sites, with the resultant impacts to down slope
stream channels.
Waste material should be end hauled and placed at a stable location. Rock pits, wide stable
sections of roads, ridges, benches, and the inside edges of landings are typical locations
where waste material can be stored. Sites judged to be of uncertain stability will be reviewed
by a geotechnical specialist before they are used. Those sites where emerging ground water,
thick organic layers, unstable geology, or other instability factors are present could
experience slope failure after loading and will not be used.
In most situations, end haul material is loaded directly into dump trucks by the excavator and
hauled to the storage site, where it is spread in layers that can be reworked by a dozer. In
some cases, dozers can economically carry (push) waste material to stable storage sites. The
resulting waste pile at the storage site will generally conform to the local topography to
provide for natural drainage, and will be mulched and planted with vegetation to control
erosion.
All road drainage structures (ditches, out sloping, culverts, waterbars, dips, etc.) should be in
place as soon as possible during the construction of the road. In any event they must be in
place before the start of the rainy season. Surface water drainage must also be provided for
sites associated with road construction such as waste areas, borrow areas and rock pits. All
drainage water will be filtered through natural vegetation before it enters streams.
Construction of roads near running water may require silt fences, hay dams or other filtration
methods in ditches and streams to prevent eroded material from getting into the water. These
structures will be put in place as soon as possible during road construction.
Areas of bare soil, which could deliver sediment to waters of the state, will be mulched
and/or seeded before the start of the rainy season.
Assessment of existing land use pattern and land quality
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 The mine site is a bare land with gentle undulations towards North-East to SouthWest direction.
 There are no surface bodies within the mining area.
 Estimation of anticipated impacts on soil quality and land use pattern and related
activities due to expansion of mining activity.
 Delineation of land Environmental Management Plan.
5.8 Solid Waste Generation
32,44,901 Tonnes (during 4 year Plan Period) of Over Burden / Waste will be generated as
solid waste which is utilized for toe of the dump retension wall with garland drain to arrest
wash off from the dump slope. The Hazardous waste such as used / spent oil will be disposed
off to authorized recyclers. The details of hazardous waste are given Table 5.11.
Table 5.11: Hazardous Waste Management
Source
Generator/
Lubricants
Waste
Used oil
Quantity
Utililization plan
200-250 MT per
year
Shall be sold to the
approved/authorized
recycler/reprocessors.
5.8.1 Mitigative Measures
There will be no negative impact due to solid waste disposal, it will be effectively used for
toe of the dump retension wall with garland drain to arrest wash off from the dump slope. The
details of solid waste management are given in Table 5.12.
Table 5.12: Details of solid Waste recycling
Source
Mine
Waste
Over
Burden /
Waste
Quantity
32,44,901 Tonnes
(during 4 year Plan
Period)
Utilization Plan
Shall be utilized for toe of the
dump retension wall with garland
drain to arrest wash off from the
dump slope.
5.9 Biological Environment
5.9.1 Recommended Plants for Green Belt Development
Greenbelts are an effective mode of control of air and noise pollution, where green plants
form a surface capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming a sink of pollutants. Leaves
with their vast area in a tree crown, absorbs pollutants on their surface, thus effectively
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110
reduces pollutant concentration in the ambient air. Often the adsorbed pollutants are
incorporated in the metabolic pathway and the air is purified. Plants grown to function as
pollution sink are collectively referred as greenbelts.
An important aspect of a greenbelt is that the plants are living organism with their varied
tolerance limit towards the air pollutants. A green belt is effective as a pollutant sinks only
within the tolerance limit of constituent plants. Planting few, known pollutant sensitive
species along with the tolerant species within a green belt however, do carry out an important
function of indicator species apart from function as pollution sink, greenbelt would provide
other benefit like aesthetic improvement of the area and providing suitable habitats for birds
and animals.
5.9.2 Selection of plants for Green Belts
The main limitation for plants to function as scavenger of pollutants are, plant’s interaction to
air pollutants, sensitivity to pollutants, climatic conditions and soil characteristics. While
making choice of plants species for cultivation in green belts, due consideration has to be
given to the natural factor of bio- climate. Xerophytes plants are not necessarily good for
greenbelts; they with their sunken stomata can withstand pollution by avoidance, but are poor
absorber of pollutants.
Character of plants mainly considered for affecting absorption of pollutant gases and removal
of dust particle are as follows;

For absorption of Gases:
o Tolerance towards pollutants in question, at concentration, that is not too
high to be instantaneously lethal.
o Longer duration of foliage.
o Freely exposed foliage.
o Adequate height of crown.
o Openness of foliage in canopy.
o Big leaves (long and broad laminar surface).
o Large number of stomatal apertures.

For Removal of Suspended Particular matter
o
o
o
o
o
Height and spread of crown.
Leaves supported on firm petiole.
Abundance of surface on bark and foliage.
Roughness of bark.
Abundance of axillaries hairs.
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o Hairs or scales on laminar surface.
o Protected Stomata.
5.9.3 Plantation along Road Sides
Automobiles are the source of pollution of gaseous and particulate pollutants. Component of
green belt on road side hence should be with both absorbers of gases as well as of dust
particles. The choice of plants for road side should include shrubs of height 1 to 1.5 meter
and trees of 3-5 meter height. Medium sized trees, alternating with shrubs are ideal for
sorption of particulates and gases.
Table 5.13: Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development1
Plant species
Acacia auriculiformis
Azadirachta indica
Bougainvillea spectabilis
Delonix regia ( Gulmohur)
Euphorbia tirucalli
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Ixora arborea
Ixora rosea
Lawsonia inermis (Mendi)
Mangifera indica ( Am)
Habit
Tree
Tree
Shrub
Tree
Shrib
Small tree
Small tree
Small tree
Shrub
Tree
Tolerance
limit
Tolerant
T
T
Sensitive
T
T
T
T
T
T
Melia azadirachta
Tree
Nerium indicum
Shrub
Peltophorum pterocarpum
Tree
Polylathia longifolia
Tree
Sesbania sesban
Shrub
Tamarindus indica
Tree
Tectona grandis
Tree
Terminalia alata
Tree
Thespesia populnea
Tree
Thevetia peruviana
Shrub
T: Tolerant, NA =Not available
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
T
Stomatal
index
10.9
29.2
32.53
14.38
NA
23.32
17.3
20.30
17.0
30.77
15.7
16.68
22.27
19.2
18.4
23.48
NA
29.81
27.8
Mode of
Regeneration
Seeds
Seeds
Cutting
Seeds /stem cutting
Cuttings
stem cutting
stem cutting
Stem cutting
Seeds /stem cutting
Seeds/ grafting/
budding/
Seeds /stem cutting
Cutting
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds /stem cutting
Seeds /stem cutting
Seeds /stem cutting
Highlighted species are most suitable for this locality, considering its terrain and other
existing vegetative cover in the study area.
1
Sourecs: CPCB (March, 2000) PROBES/75/1999-2000
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5.10 Top Soil
In the Scheme Period, 17,160 M3 quantity of Top Soil will be generated. Hence there is no
proposal to stack the Top Soil. During the course of Mining in the Plan Period, whatever
quantity of Top Soil encountered, the same will be utilized for plantation purpose.
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CHAPTER- 6
ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING
PROGRAMME
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER – 6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 Introduction
The Environmental monitoring is the primary tool for assessing the prevailing quality of air,
water, noise, land etc. It helps in suggesting and taking mid course corrections, if found
negatively impacted. Monitoring of various environmental parameters for Ambient Air
Quality, Water Quality, Noise Levels will be carried out on a regular basis in and around the
mining lease area and buffer villages to ascertain the following:

Pollution caused due to operations within the mine lease.

Change in environmental quality within and outside the MLA

Evaluate the efficiency of pollution control systems installed.

To assess environmental impacts
This monitoring shall be periodic and comply with the guidelines of statutory authorities.
Necessary funds will be allocated by the project proponent for the same, as environmental
protection has been identified, as an integral part of mining operation.
Frequent advice sought from appropriate authorities, will go long way in improving the
environment. The frequency of monitoring of various environmental components and
frequency to be monitored for the Mine is given in Table 6.1.
6.2 Environmental Attributes and Frequency of Monitoring
The environmental attributes and its frequency of monitoring once the Lease Area becomes
operation are given in the Table – 6.1.
Table 6.1: Environmental Attributes
Attribute
Ambient Air Quality
Parameters
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX
24 hourly samples twice a
week 8 hourly for SO2 &
NOX.
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX
8 hourly samples twice a
week for entire season (PM10,
PM2.5) 4 hourly samples for
SO2 & NOX.
and As per the Guidelines/ Norms.
(Buffer Zone)
Air Quality
(Core Zone)
Water Quality
Frequency of monitoring
Physical, Chemicals
Biological parameters.
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6.2.1 Meteorological observation
The meteorological observations will be carried-out through-out the study period, by
recording the following parameters.

Maximum and minimum temperature

Relative humidity

Wind velocity and direction

Rainfall
6.2.2 Ambient Air Quality
The ambient air quality shall be monitored for PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx at Seven locations
and frequency of monitoring shall be as per Terms of Reference (TOR) Guidelines and the
results shall be compared with the CPCB norms. The stations for monitoring shall be,
Additionally, once the mine starts its operation monitoring shall be carried out at various dust
generating locations including the boundary of the mine.
FA - 1
Working Pit
FA – 2
Dumping Area
FA – 3
Main Haulage Road
A-4
Thagadur Village
A-5
Honnamaranahalli Village
A-6
Verupakshapura Village
A-7
Chekkonahalli Village
6.2.2.1 Instruments used for Sampling
The Respirable dust samplers APM-451 will be used for monitoring the ambient air
pollutants like PM10, PM2.5, gaseous pollutants etc.
6.2.2.2 Method of Testing
Table 6.2: Method of Testing PM10/PM2.5
Name of Pollutant
PM10/PM2.5
Medium
Air
Instrument
Duration
Respirable Dust Sampler (RDS)
Every 8/24 hours
Mode
Continuous
Unit
μg/m3
Method
Gravimetric
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Table 6.3: Method of Testing SO2
Name of Pollutants
Sulphur Dioxide
Method
Modified West & Geake Method
Frequency
8/4 hours
Mode
Continuous
Unit
μg/m3
Procedure
As per IS 5182 (Part II)
Table 6.4: Method of Testing NOX
Name of Pollutants
Oxides of Nitrogen
Method
Modified Jocob & Hochheiser Modified
(N μg/m3a-Arsenite) Method
Frequency
8/4 hours
Mode
Continuous
Unit
Μg/m3
Procedure
As per IS 5182 (Part IV),1975
6.3 Water Quality
The Water monitoring has been carried out at following locations as per Terms of Reference
(TOR) Guidelines.
6.3.1 Surface Water
SW1 Bhuvanahalli Kere
6.3.2 Ground Water
GW1 Borewell water at Mine Lease Area
GW2 Borewell water at Thagadur Village
GW3 Borewell water at Honnamaranahalli Village
GW4 Borewell water at Verupakshapura Village
GW5 Borewell water at Chekkonahalli Village
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The water quality will be monitored for all the physical, chemical and biological parameters
as per the standards / norms. The sampling and analysis methods will be followed as per BIS
standards. The water quality will be monitored for all the samples collected from the above
mentioned sources.
6.4 Noise Level
The ambient noise levels will be monitored at the following locations and results will be
compared with CPCB standards.
Additionally, once the mining becomes operation monitoring shall be carried out at various
noise generating locations.
N-1
Working Pit
N–2
Dumping Area
N–3
Main Haulage Road
N–4
Thagadur Village
N–5
Honnamaranahalli Village
N–6
Verupakshapura Village
N–7
Chekkonahalli Village
Fugitive / source noise levels shall be monitored at various locations once the Lease Area will
be put into operations and the results will be compared with ILO standards, as applicable for
work environment.
6.5 Soil Samples
The quality of the soil shall be monitored once in study period. The locations of the stations
are, as follows.
S1
Mine site
S2
Agricultural Soil near Thagadur Village
S3
Agricultural Soil near Honnamaranahalli Village
S4
Agricultural Soil near Verupakshapura Village
S5
Agricultural Soil near Chekkonahalli Village
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6.6 Environmental Cell
In order to implement the proposed environmental management program efficiently within
the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course corrections
/ actions, if required based on the environmental monitoring results, management intends to
established environmental cell for successful implementation. The roles & responsibilities are
clearly defined among the personnel within the environmental cell. The responsibilities of
personnel are given in Table 6.5.
Table 6.5: Responsibilities of Personnel of the Environmental Safety Cell
Designation
Responsibility
Mines Manager
Over all planning, execution and management of
environmental protective measures and monitoring of
parameters and various Socio-economic measures, disaster
management measures and training programs regularly.
Safety Officer
To ensure the activities are carried out as per the OSHAS
standard and all the employed given safety a primary
importance while working at the Lease Area.
Manager- Environment
Overall in-charge of Monitoring of Environmental
parameters and effectiveness of environmental protective
measures taken and decide about the additional protective
measures in safeguarding the overall ecology and
environment.
Medical
time)
officer
(Full Periodical checkup of working persons, for identifying
occupational Health hazards, if any.
Occupational
Health Employed in the Mine
Practitioner (Part Time)
Skilled/
workers
unskilled Maintenance of Lease Area with retention walls, roads,
drainages, fences, equipment based on the superiors’
instructions.
6.7 Financial Considerations
After an in-depth examination of the environment management plan, the management has
made a time specific budgetary cost allocation towards carrying out environmental related
works on a continuous basis and the same is given below in Table 6.6. Necessary funds will
be allocated towards Corporate Social Responsibility for social upliftment of the surrounding
villagers. Developmental work like water supply/sanitation, health care facility, bus shelter,
school, helping the children through free distribution of books, bags, uniform etc will also be
undertaken as a part of social responsibility by the management.
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Table 6.6: Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective Measures
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Activity
Recurring expenses
proposed/ annum
(Lakh Rs.)
Initial cost
(Lakh Rs.)
Air Pollution Control (Dust suppression by
water spraying)
Water Pollution Control Measures
Occupational Health & Safety
Environmental Monitoring
Socio-Economic Welfare Measures as a
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Maintenance of HEMM (15% of the
equipment & machinery cost)
35.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
Nil
-
2.50
8.50
15.00
55.50
-
20.00
TOTAL
65.00
106.00
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CHAPTER- 7
ADDITIONAL
STUDIES
EIA REPORT
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121
CHAPTER - 7
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 Public Consultation
Public Consultation was conducted on 30/09/2014 by Karnataka State Pollution Control
Board in consultation with Additional Deputy Commissioner, Hassan, and Karnataka State
Pollution Control Board issued the public notice 30 days in advance in the News paper i.e.
Vijaya Karnataka & the Deccan Herald dated 29/08/2014 and also in district leading Local
News Paper Janatha Madhyama on 30.08.2014. Photos of the public consultation are given
below;
Photo 7.1: During Public Consultation
Proceedings of public consultation are enclosed as Annexure No. XXX.
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Sr.
No
Issues Raised
Response/Commitment of
Project Proponents
Time Schedule
PART A: Point raised in Public Hearing and its Compliance
1. L.K. Devraj, Geologist
He expressed that,
Due to mining activity in the area for last  The project proponent
20-25 years the ground water level has
informed that, the present
gone down and due to further expansion
and proposed mining
and continuation of existing mining
activities are about 25
activity will leads to further depletion of
mtrs above the ground
the ground water in the surrounding
water level. Even in the
villages.
UPL level there is no
chance of encountering
ground water from this
mining
activity.
Therefore, a chance of
depletion / effect on
ground water does not
arise.
Yield of the agriculture crops will come  The present and proposed
down due to discharge of effluent from
mining activity does not
mining area.
involve
discharge
of
effluent.
However,
Company will ensure the
zero discharge from the
mining activity.
Requested for the CSR activities from the  The
Company
will
company.
earmark funds for CSR
works and release to the
District Authorities for
implementation as per the
Government norms.
Before 2016
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Sr.
No
Issues Raised
Response/Commitment of
Project Proponents
Target Time
2. Kempananje Gowda, Honnamaranahalli Village






He demanded good roads for  As per the norms, funds
surrounding villages by M/s. MML
are earmarked for roads
under
their
corporate
social
under CSR will be
responsibilities.
released to the District
Authority.
Strengthening of Honnamaranahalli  Agreed the proposal. The
Village bridge which was damaged
required amount will be
due to movement of over loaded mines
released after getting
vehicles.
estimate from District
Authorities / PWD.
Increase of noise nuisance due to  The vehicular movement
mining and vehicular movement.
will be minimized, loaded
vehicle will be covered
with Tarpaulin, avenue
plantation
will
be
undertaken on the haul
roads of the mine.
Depletion of ground water due to deep  Explained at part A of
mining and also deforestation due to
point
no
1.
The
expansion of mining.
deforestation does not
arise since the mining
activities proposed in the
already broken up area,
waste dump will be put on
the already dump area, the
afforestation area not
involved in the proposed
mining activity.
Project proponent to take up over-all  The
developmental
development of surrounding villages.
activities
will
be
undertaken in consultation
with
the
District
Authorities under CSR.
Compensation for 9 acres of  The
land
owners
agricultural land used by M/s. MML
requested
District
Before 2016
March 2016.
Regular.
2017-18
2016
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for waste dump for last 20-30 years.
Authority to fix the rate of
land for sale to MML.
The Company has agreed
to purchase the 9 acre
agricultural land as fixed
by
the
Revenue
Authorities. This issue
will
be sorted out
mutually.
3. L. P. Prakash, Advocate - Lakkarasanahalli Village

Opposed expansion of existing mine.

Without
technical
grounds,
opposing
expansion of mine is not
technically acceptable.
 Demanded
for
infrastructure  The
developmental
development of surrounding villages
activities
will
be
by project proponent under corporate
undertaken in consultation
social responsibility.
with
the
District
Authorities under CSR.
 Demanded explanation from M/s.  At present, about 4-5% of
MML authority about percentage of
the profit has been spent
the profit allotted by M/s. MML for
for
development
of
development of surrounding villages
surrounding villages.
and also percentage of amount actually
spent for development of surrounding
villages under CSR activity.
 Requested for fixing of boundary for  As per the GOK Order, all
614 hectares of lease to M/s. MML, by
the boundary pillars have
Revenue authorities.
been fixed on the field and
its GPS readings are
marked on the boundary
pillars.
April 2015
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Sr.
No
Issues Raised
Response/Commitment of
Project Proponents
Target Time
4. Vijay Kumar, President Santheswara Grama Panchayath and Ranganatha Swami Temple
Trustee
He raised that,
 The Ranganatha Swami Temple which  The Ranganatha Swami
is nearby to the mining area is getting
temple is located at a
damaged due to mining activity.
distance of 3 kms from the
workings.
The mining
activities will not affect
on the temple.
 Construction of Samudhaya Bhavan at  Agreed and the required
temple premises by M/s. MML.
amount will be released to
the District Authority
under CSR.
 Requested the M/s. MML authorities  At
present,
MML
to maintain the buffer zone of around
undertaken plantation &
300 mtrs around the hill.
deploying watch and ward
to maintain the buffer
zone around the hill.
2017
5. T.C. Manjunath - Thagadur Villager
He raised that, the ambient Air quality
sampler was kept in temple, which may
not be the representative sample. Further,
questioned why temple was selected as a
station for collection of Ambient Air
Quality Monitoring.
As the temple is considered
under sensitive area as per
CPCB, hence monitoring was
carried-out to study the
ambient air quality and to
evaluate the impact due to
proposed expansion.
6. L.K. Indresh – Farmer Grama Panchayath President, Thagadur Village
 Demanded for fixing up of boundary  As per the GOK Order, all
of mines lease area of Thagadur mines.
the boundary pillars has
been fixed on the field and
its GPS readings are
marked on the boundary
April 2015
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pillars.
 Demanded
for
infrastructure  The
developmental
development of surrounding villages
activities
will
be
especially Lakkarasanahalli which is
undertaken in consultation
neglected by M/s. MML.
with
the
District
Authorities under CSR.
 Requested for giving water stored in  The stored water in the pit
existing mines pit for agriculture
was inspected by the
activity of surrounding villages.
Chairman,
Public
Hearing. He opined that
this is only rainwater and
not advisable to de-water
for
agriculture
in
surrounding areas. Since
quantity is average and it
will act as a ground water
recharge.
7. T.N. Basavaraj – Thagadur Villager
 Objected expansion of existing mine  As per the EIA proposal
as it is going to create Environmental
there
will
not
be
damage and also nuisance to
environmental
damage
surrounding villages.
and nuisance to the
surrounding villages due
to expansion of existing
mine.
Hence, the
objection
may
be
considered
as
non
technical.
 Demanded for Asphalt road to  Agreed.
Thagadur village.
2016
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Sr.
No
Issues Raised
Response/Commitment of
Project Proponents
Target Time
8. S.R. Manjunath, Siddarahatti Village

Informed that, the project proponent  Details furnished in Part
have dumped waste dumps from
A of point no 2. The
mining activity in 9 Acres of private
Chairman of the meeting
land belonging to farmers of nearby
informed that, the case
village due to which farmers could not
will be examined through
able to cultivate their land for last 30
Revenue department and
years and informed that the land is no
requested
farmers
to
more a cultivable land because of
submit their land details
waste dump. He also informed that
and
previous
letter
M/s.
MML
has
not
given
correspondence to the
compensation to the farmer in spite of
district administration to
repeated representations.
take appropriate action.
The proponent is agreed
for the chairman decision.
 Expressed
that, permission for  Expansion of mining
activities
and
expansion of mining may be given or
development
of
allowed only after the development of
infrastructure
for
infrastructure of surrounding villages
surrounding villages will
by the company under CSR.
be
undertaken
concurrently starting from
April 2015.
April 2015
9. M.P. Basavaraj – Farmer, Lakkarasanahalli Village

demanded
for
surveying
of  After getting the proposal
surrounding villages by district
from
the
District
administration to verify infrastructure
Administration, it will be
development taken up by M/s. MML
reviewed before the MML
also informed that, even though M/s.
Board and implementation
MML is engaged in mining activity in
will
take
place
the area since last 30 years they have
accordingly.
not contributed for development of the
surrounding villages.
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
Demanded for rejuvenation of Rayara  The proposal will be
Kaval village tank as it is important
implemented through the
water body in the region.
District Authority on
completion of proposal 2019.
from District Authority.
10. Basavaraj – Taluk Panchayat President, Obalapur Village

Expressed his views about the basic  Since MML is a Govt.
requirement to all the nearby villages
organization,
all
the
and he suggested that, 2% of the total
reservations, budgets will
production
amount
should
be
be as per the government
earmarked for development of
norms. The suggestion of
surrounding villages under corporate
2%
total
production
social responsibility of the company.
amount earmarked for
CSR is quite difficult.
However, the matter will
be communicated to the
Government accordingly
implementation will be
undertaken.
 Demanded details on total production  The production value is
value during previous mining period
not the criteria for
and amount spent for development of
spending
money
for
surrounding villages in those previous
developmental
works.
years.
The net profit is the
criteria for earmarking the
money for CSR works.
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Sr.
No
Issues Raised
Response/Commitment of
Project Proponents
Time Schedule
Part B: Request Letter received from Villagers dt. 30.09.2014 and its Compliance
1. Secretary, Amaragiri Guddada Sri. Rangaswamy Temple, Chikkonahalli
Requested to construct a community hall The proposal is agreed under
2017
in the vicinity of the temple which is CSR Activity.
estimated cost is about Rs. 50 Lakhs.
2. T.M. Shive Gowda, The Teachers, Villagers, SDMC Members & President, T. Rangapur
Construction of compound to the The Company will earmark
Government higher Primary School at T. funds for CSR works and
Rangapur Village.
release to the District
2016
Authorities
for
implementation as per the
Government norms.
3. President, Amaragiri Guddada Sri. Rangaswamy Temple, Chikkonahalli
 Requested to construct a community  MML is agreed in Part B
2017
hall in the vicinity of the temple.
of point no. 1 to construct
community hall in the
vicinity of the temple.
 Demanded for Asphalt road to the  Agreed.
2016
Temple.
4. The Villagers of Lakkarasanahalli Village
Objected expansion of existing mine as it As per the EIA proposal there
is going to create Environmental damage will not be environmental
and also nuisance to surrounding villages
damage and nuisance to the
surrounding villages due to
expansion of existing mine.
Hence, the objection may be
considered as non technical.
5. H.M. Basavaraj S/o. Masti Gowda, Honnamaranahalli – Nuggehalli Village.
Strengthening
of
Honnamaranahalli Agreed the proposal. The
March 2016
Village bridge which was damaged due to required amount will be
movement of over loaded mines vehicles. considered
under
CRS
activity after getting estimate
from District Authorities /
PWD.
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7.2 Risk Assessment
Risk assessment is a common factor applicable to all stages of a Mining operation. Such risks
are (a) Environmental Risk, (b) Safety and health risk (c) Community and social risk (d)
Legal and financial risk and (e) Technical risk.
In order to minimize the above-mentioned risk following mitigation/measures will be
considered:
 All operations will be planned and designed in such an away so as to eliminate or
materially reduce any hazards.
 Efforts will be made to achieve the standard of safety by implementing rules and
regulation.
 Improvement will be done in working condition.
 All material and monetary resources will be provided for the smooth and efficient
execution of the safety plans.
 Continuous efforts will be made to improve the living conditions and health of all the
employees.
 Furnishing work places free from recognized hazards likely to cause injury or illness.
 Ensuring the prevention, suppression, treatment, collection and removal of the
harmful dust at all times and to provide and consistently use the dust suppression
equipment.
 Ensuring good illumination, with proper washing and sanitary facilitates.
7.2.1 Health Hazard
A first-aid centre will be maintained within the lease area to meet the basic medical needs of
employees. A qualified medical officer assisted by a nurse will attend the medical needs of
the employees and their family members. The first-aid centre will be provided with all
essential life saving drugs and day-to-day first aid medicines.
As the mining will be operation is manual method, protection of workers health is the main
concern to the project proponent. The gaseous pollutant levels are much below the
permissible limits.
Precautions such as proper maintenance of equipments and transport vehicles shall reduce
gaseous emissions such as SO2, NOx & CO so that their emissions are always below the
permissible limit in the environment. However, the management will be providing Personnel
Protective Equipment (PPE) to all the people working within mining lease area. Further,
periodic health check-up will be carried out for all employees.
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7.3 Risk Analysis and Disaster Management Plan
Risk Assessment is prevention of accidents and to take necessary steps to prevent it
happening. The main objective of preparing a disaster management plan includes;
o To protect workers in mines from accident
o To prevent or reduce the incidence and severity of injury during mining
operations
o To respond immediately and adequately in case of a serious accident
7.3.1 Drilling Risks
Drilling is common to the mining of hard rock’s/ores. The main hazards are:
o Drill Falling from the edge of a bench
o Dust created during the drilling operations
o Noise produced during drilling
The risk will occur during the drilling of the first line of holes parallel with the working
edge of the bench. Measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of falling off the edge of
the bench is to provide suitable portable rail fencing which can be erected between the
drill and the edge of the bench and direction by the supervisor from guidance of the
driller.
7.3.2 Face Stability and Loading
Face instability gives rise to rock falls or slides and this can arise because of adverse
geological conditioning or poor work practices. The main hazard is excavation/loading
is rock falling on to the driver and falls while gaining access to operating cabins.
7.3.3 Failure of Slope in the Pit
In order to allay dangers due to open cast slope failure, final pit, slope stability
estimations have to be made for the existing mines after determining various physical
parameters of the ground mass like uniaxial compressive strength, triaxial compressive
strength, cohesion, angle of friction, specific gravity of the rock, water pressure etc.
Besides, all the structural discontinuities have been plotted in wedge failure. Even then,
factor of safety should be determined against overall slope failure as well as against
individual bench slope by circular failure, planer failure and wedge failure. Besides
determining factor of safety, the slopes shall be monitored at regular intervals by using
real time slope stability radar system to monitor for any possible failure. The welldeveloped drainage system over the lease area should ensure that storm water does not
accumulate in the lease area and therefore hydrostatic pressure remains at a low level.
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7.3.4 Fly Rock and Vibrations Due to Blasting
Trial blasting results of a nearby mine (with similar geo-mining characteristics) may be
used to arrive at the field empirical equations based on which the charge per delay can be
regulated to protect the nearby structures. All precautions related to control of fly rock
should be taken during the blasting operations. Safety zone of 300 m as per statutes is
maintained.
Spillage of High Speed Diesel (HSD) and resultant fire constitutes a potential risk. The
quantity of the maximum oil, which can spill, is not much and can be easily controlled.
Sufficient number of portable fire extinguishers should be provided at strategic
locations to take care of any eventuality. Dry and foam type portable fire
extinguishers are provided at the electrical substation and control room.
7.3.5 Disaster due to Surface Fire
There could be fire accidents due to electrical short circuiting, diesel fuel getting into contact
of naked flames, machinery developing excessive heat due to imperfect lubrication of
bearings etc.
Proper maintenance of equipment including, electrical fittings to avoid catching of fire.
Project proponent will be having wireless communication system for quick passing of
information for any assistance in case of any emergency.
Training will be imparted to the employees about emergency preparedness. Mock drills will
also be conducted at regular interval to handle the emergency situation. Refresher awareness
programs will also be planned among the employees.
Risk analysis involves systematic identification and assessment of major damage
potential credible risk scenarios to help management to make objective decisions on
hazard reduction or avoidance measures meeting regulatory requirements and develop
a structured management framework for an effective Disaster Management Plan
(DMP) including emergency preparedness and contingency plans.
7.3.6 Advantages of risk analysis include
o Systematic identification of credible risk scenerios, frequency of their failure
modes and fatality consequences.
o Estimation of each event frequency by using, relevant historical data, accident
statistics ‘fault tree’ or ‘event tree’ analysis techniques. These techniques can be
used individually or jointly.
o Quantification of major individual risks per annum for each operation.
o It provides a basis for a rational planned preventive maintenance
7.3.7 Action Plan to prevent occurrence of Fire
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1.
2.
3.
4.
In the surface premises, cutting burners, welding appliances and other fires of any
kind, which are fire risk, shall be used only with prior permission of concerned
authorities.
Fire extinguishers should be kept at engine room generator, workshops, HEMM etc.
Fire hydrant will be provided in the mining lease area.
A competent person shall examine all equipments, material and arrangement
provided for firefighting at least once in a month and record of the examination
shall be maintained in a register.
A competent person shall at least once in 3 months examine every fire extinguisher and fire
hydrant.
7.4 Mine Disaster Management Plan
A disaster is a catastrophic event in which personnel working in the affected area are
immediately planed into a chaotic situation, which demands their immediate rescue,
medical and social case to restore normalcy. It creates a major emergency in mining area
requiring an Emergency response in accordance with a Mine Disaster Management
Plan formulated by the management.
A detailed DMP for handling emergencies includes;
o Identification and assessment of major credible risk scenarios anticipated at a
particular workplace/activity (Slope failure, subsidence, fly rock fragments, fires,
toxic/hazardous/flammable Gas Release/Explosion, inundation etc.)
o Setting up an Emergency response organization identified key personnel at the
mine with assigned duties and responsibilities for incident response and
emergency response.
o Emergency actions plan with implementation procedures by emergency
response personnel for each scenario after emergency warning.
o Details of safety measures to prevent accident and disaster.
o Emergency notification by sending warning messages to identified agencies for
liaison and stake holders.
o Setting up a permanent organization for completion of emergency and
restoration of normalcy by complying with health, safety, and environmental laws
and regulations
o Disaster management plan for safe mining particularly for underground mines
where toxic fumes and other risks are involved.
o Supplementary response plans under mutual aid
o Any other stipulations made by regulatory agencies for handling emergency
situations that may arise either from natural or manmade
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7.5
Emergency Plan
7.5.1 Organization Plan
Organization plan includes clearly stating the line of command and the responsibilities of
each person involved in case of emergency situation.
7.5.2 Equipment Plan
Corrective & preventive maintenance of vehicle and Machinery and other transport vehicles
will be carried out regularly for their upkeep and safety operations. Maintenance of various
machinery and equipment will be logged in Maintenance Register and Machine History Card
which will be maintained in the workshop.
7.5.3 Purpose and Scope of Emergency Plan
Purpose of the emergency plan is to describe procedure for emergency preparedness and
response. The scope of the emergency plan covers all the emergency conditions. The
sensitive area identified for this purpose is Fire, Flood, or any major Accident.
7.5.4 Functions of the emergency preparedness team
 The team will meet once in six months to discuss the possible or probable causes /
instances leading to any disaster that may occur in and around the mining lease area.
 The team will assess the required resources to deal with the situation that may be
identified as above.
 The team leader will lay down a detailed procedure or oral information to each
member to follow in case of any impending or possible or actual disaster.
 The team will conduct mock drill once in a year to understand the practical problems
that may arise while implementing the Emergency Preparedness Action Plan
including the response time and take necessary steps to make the system effective.
 The team will make necessary recommendations/suggestions to the Management for
identifying/monitoring/dealing with any possible or probable disaster.
 The minutes of the meeting of the Team shall be prepared including the probable
cause of incident, response time and corrective & preventive actions required to be
taken to avoid the reoccurrences of the same and kept as record.
 The team may draw an Action Plan and modify the same from time to time.
 The Emergency Preparedness Team will come into force in case of any disaster by
establishing the control room at an appropriate place nearer to the affected area.
 The team shall record the actual performance/procedure followed/short comings while
dealing with any actual disaster, which will be discussed at various levels to
strengthen the plan and approach.
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 The Manager shall inspect all the places where disaster occurred, along with
Emergency Preparedness Team.
 He shall ensure that all affected places are safe to resume the normal works, and then
give permission to start the mining operations.
7.6 Social Impact Assessment
7.6.1 Demography & Socio Economic Environment
The objective is to demonstrate the range of potential impacts on communities and families
by the proposed expansion of mining activity. The actual impacts experienced at a given
project site will depend on a variety of factors. Some of the most important are:
o Collection of secondary data on village wise population, sex ratio, literacy, number of
households and percentage of main workers.
o Collection of primary information on infrastructure facilities in the study area.
o Assessment of impact on socio-economic environment in qualitative terms.
o Delineation of Community Development Plan and estimation of Budget for
Community Development.
o The pre-existing situation (baseline condition).
o The process of community engagement and capacity building.
o The design of the development process.
o The other process of social change either already undergoing or which may develop
during operation of project.
The impact of the expansion of mining activity on the surrounding community will be
positive in nature through improvement in the Quality of Life (QoL), economic status of the
local people and infrastructure in buffer zone. It is necessary to propagate among the local
population regarding the beneficial aspects of the following:
o
o
o
o
o
o
Family planning.
Planting of ecologically important trees.
Use of clean and boiled water.
Personal hygiene.
Regular healths check up.
Awareness about malaria eradication and HIV prevention.
The management proposes to increase literacy levels within buffer zone, by way of support to
school going children through free distribution of books and by way of supporting NGO’s for
adult education. The proposed project will generate direct & indirect employment to the local
community which in- turn benefit the dependents also.
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The management will actively participate in the efforts by the local bodies and the
Government to improve the health and social status of the population living in the buffer zone
villages. Management proposes to extend the medical assistance to the local needy people by
engaging a part time Medical Officer on a regular basis. However, management allocate 5%
of the revenue generated towards community developmental activities in the buffer zone
villages to improve the facilities such as school, health, road, infrastructure etc.
7.7 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Action Plans
There are no human settlements within the project site area. The mining activity will be
carried-out in the Revenue and Animal Husbandry Department land and hence no
resettlement and rehabilitation is involved.
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CHAPTER- 8
PROJECT
BENEFITS
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER – 8
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 Project Benefits
Proposed expansion in the mining activity will help in improving the socio-economic status
in the area like employment, communication, education etc. it improves the living standard of
the people, supports for education and increase the ability of people to understand the
changes. The activity will also help to improve the basic infrastructure of the society, thereby
there is an overall improvement in the economic status of the people. The following paras
will discuss the benefits that are obtained from this expansion mining activity.
8.2 Improvement in Physical Infrastructure
The proposed expansion project is expected to yield a positive impact on the socio-economic
environment. It helps to sustain the development of this area including further development
of physical infrastructural facilities. The following physical infrastructure facilities will
improve due to proposed expansion project.

Road Transport facilities

Housing facilities

Water supply and

Power
8.3 Improvement in Social Infrastructure
The proposed expansion project will provide direct and indirect employment opportunity to
the youths of the surrounding villages. The employment is expected to increase during civil
construction period, in trade, afforestation works and other ancillary services. Employment in
these sectors will be primarily temporary or contractual and involvement of unskilled labour
will be more. A major part of this unskilled labour force will be mainly from local villagers,
who are expected to engage themselves both in agriculture and mining activities. This will
enhance their income and lead to overall economic growth of the area.
The proponent will also make interventions through its CSR plan implementation that will
make a positive impact on the social infrastructure of the region.
The following areas of social infrastructure are expected to take place with this project.
o Strengthen the Co-operative Society and Banking in the villages for mutual benefits
o Provide administrative support to bring the government schemes to the villages
o Provide financial and administrative support to improve the secondary education and
vocational skill education.
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o Facilitate increase in awareness towards health, family, insurance, sanitation,
immunization, water harvesting, agricultural productivity, multiple cropping and other
programs to increase the living standards of the rural communities.
o Support construction and management of social infrastructure like the Primary and
secondary schools, Primary Health Centres, Community halls, Village ponds, Public
toilets, Bus stops, Public hand pumps, drinking water supply, etc,. as per need
identified from the Socio-economic survey.
8.4 Employment Potential
The socio – economic status in the study area is found to be moderate with respect to
livelihood, amenities etc. The management of MML is already provided employment for 66
Nos. and also expected to provide employment around 66 nos. from the proposed expansion
activity.
8.4.1 Infrastructure facilities to the workers

The management will actively participate in the efforts by the local bodies and the
Government to improve the health and social status of the population living in the
buffer zone villages. The management also proposes to extend the medical
assistance to the local needy people by engaging a part time Medical Officer on a
regular basis.

However, management allocate 5 percent of the revenue generated towards
community developmental activities in the buffer zone villages to improve the
facilities such as school, health, road, infrastructure etc.
8.4.2 Reaching out to the community
Presently MML is actively working for the overall development of urban population
though its CSR policy implementation across 5 villages, the CSR program of MML is
benefiting the lives of many people annually.
The CSR plan for the proposed expansion project at Thagadur Chromite mine is planned
as per the needs identified through the Socio-Economic survey conducted. Many
activities that are proposed to be identified for reaching out to the community are listed in
the section 8.3 above. Each of these programs will help the project proponent to reach out
to the community.
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8.5 Other Tangible Benefits
The proposed expansion project is likely to have other tangible benefits as given below.

Indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing
construction, transportation, sanitation, for supply of goods and services to the project
and other community services.

Market and business establishment facilities will also increase.

Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve.

Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and
medical facilities.

Overall change in employment and income opportunity.

The State Government will also benefit directly from the proposed project, through
increased revenue from royalties, excise duty.
8.6 Social Corporate Responsibility

The management proposes to increase literacy levels within buffer zone, by way of
support to school going children through free distribution of books and by way of
supporting NGO’s for adult education.

Management will actively participate in the efforts by the local bodies and the
Government to improve the health and social status of the population living in the
buffer zone villages. Management proposes to extend the medical assistance to the
local needy people by engaging a part time Medical Officer on a regular basis.

However, management allocates necessary funds towards community developmental
activities in the buffer zone villages to improve the facilities such as school, health, road,
infrastructure, etc., once the mine starts its operation.
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CHAPTER- 9
ENVIRONMENTAL
COST BENEFIT
ANALYSIS
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER – 9
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 Introduction
The Environmental cost-benefit analysis or CBA, refers to economic appraisal of policies and
projects that have the deliberate aim of improving the provision of environmental services or
actions that might affect (sometimes adversely) the environment as an indirect consequence
due to any industrial activity. Vital advances have arisen in response to the challenges that
poses an environmental problem and environmental policy extended for CBA. In this chapter,
we review a number of these developments.
Due to proposed expansion in the mining activity, there will be a change in the land use
pattern of the mine lease area. After extraction of mineral ore there will be voids created in
the area. There could be an increase in dust concentrations and noise intensities expected due
to mining.
However, the Project proponent is already taken measures and also commits to conduct the
mining operations with least impact on the surrounding environment. The project proponent
is committed to deliver larger environmental benefits from the project compared to the
environmental degradation/costs.
After an in-depth examination of the Environment Management Plan, the management has
made a time specific budgetary cost allocation towards carrying out environmental related
works on a continuous basis and the same is given below in Table 9.1. Necessary funds will
be allocated towards Corporate Social Responsibility for Environmental Protection in order
to safe guards the interest of the local people and the Environment.
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Table 9.1 Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective Measures
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Activity
Recurring expenses
proposed/ annum
(Lakh Rs.)
Initial cost
(Lakh Rs.)
Air Pollution Control (Dust suppression by
water spraying)
Water Pollution Control Measures
Occupational Health & Safety
Environmental Monitoring
Socio-Economic Welfare Measures as a
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Maintenance of HEMM (15% of the
equipment & machinery cost)
35.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
Nil
-
2.50
8.50
15.00
55.50
-
20.00
TOTAL
65.00
106.00
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CHAPTER- 10
ENVIRONMENTAL
MANAGEMENT
PLAN
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER-10
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 Introduction
The major objective and benefit of utilizing Environmental Impact Assessment in project
planning stage itself, is to prevent avoidable losses of environmental resources and
conservation of the same to the maximum extent and values as a result of
Environmental
Management.
The
Environmental
Management
includes
protection/mitigation/enhancement measures to be adopted by the project proponents, as
well as suggests revision of project site or operation to avoid adverse impacts or often
additional project operations may have to be incorporated in the conventional operation.
The industrial development in the study area needs to be intervened with judicious
utilization of non-renewable resources of the study area and with in the limits of
permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative capacity of the study area is the
maximum amount of pollution load that can be discharged in the environment without
affecting the designated use o f t h a t a r e a and is governed by dilution, dispersion and
removal of pollutants due to Physico-chemical and biological processes. The
Environment Management plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable development in the
study area of the mine lease area, hence it needs to be an all encompassive plan for
which the proposed industry, Government, Regulating agencies like Pollution Control
Board working in the region and more importantly the affected population of the study area
needs to extend their cooperation and contribution. It has been evaluated that the study area
has not been affected adversely and is likely to get new economical upliftment. The affected
environmental attributes in the region are air quality, soil, land use, ecology, public and
public health.
The Management Action plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the
possible extent with the available and affordable technology followed by treatment
measures before they are discharged.
The Environmental Management aims at the preservation of ecosystem by considering
expansion in the mining activity, pollution abatement has become an integral part of
planning and design along with Techno economic factors.
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10.2
Environmental Management During Operation Stage
10.2.1 Air Environment
The negative impact is reversible and is less significant when proper standards are followed.
The mitigation measures needs to be adopted to control the negative impacts on air
environment of the surrounding of the lease area given below:
 Dust Extraction System to be used in Drill Machines
 Use of Sharp drill bits for drilling Holes and drills with Water Flushing System (Wet
Drilling) to reduce dust generation.
 Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered with tarpaulin.
 Water spraying on roads, waste dumps, sub-gradestacks and mine faces.
 Drilling by using dust extractors.
 Well designed blast by effective stemming and use of optimum charge.
 Transport vehicles will be regularly checked for their environmental fitness like
pollution under control and fitness etc.
 Green barriers with tall growing thick foliage plants species will be developed around
the mine lease area towards noise transmission and dust dispersion.
 For safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points
Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) would be provided and ensured for using the
same.
 Environmental monitoring of air quality to take mid-course correction, if required to
keep the pollution constituent with-in the permissible limits always.
 Construction of well designed haulage roads.
 Monitoring of air quality periodically to take necessary steps to keep the pollution
with-in the permissible limits.
Apart from the above following measures will be adopted:

Wet Drilling will be adopted to control fugitive dust.

Regular water spraying shall be adopted at loading and unloading points, storage
yards and near solid waste dumping yards which will reduce fugitive emissions due to
movement of truck.
All the internal roads shall be asphalted to reduce the fugitive dust due to truck
movement.


Plantation will be carried out all along the lease periphery.
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10.2.1.1
Wet Drilling
Fig 10.1: Wet Drilling Mechanism
Wet drilling operation will be adopted to control dust. Water-base drilling fluids are costeffective performance characteristics with minimal environmental impact.
o Periodically, water will be sprinkled on these roads to wet the surface
o Over loading of transport equipments should be avoided to prevent spillage.
o Transportation of fines and dust will be in covered vehicles to prevent fugitive dust
emission.
o The road should be properly maintained.
10.2.2 Water Environment
The water requirement for proposed expansion activity will be met through Bore well within
the lease area of about 124 cum/day. The water will be used mainly for drilling purposes.
There will be labour colony for 66 labours in the lease area site. The wastewater generated
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from canteen and labour colony will be treated in the CPCB approved Septic Tank & Soak
Pit.
 Creation of water garland to regulate and drain the rain water from the quarry and
direct its course away from the dumping areas.
 Provision of retention / toe walls at the foot of the dumps.
 Construction of check dam/gully checks in the rain water drains with-in the applied
area.
 Systematic drainage system for diverting the surface run-off during monsoon.
 Plantation of local varieties of species, so that there will be fast and healthy growth of
vegetation.
 Regular monitoring and analyzing the quality of water.
10.2.3 Noise Environment
Monitoring data doesn’t show any abnormal values in the buffer zone villages. Due to
increase in production of the proposed project, the traffic on the road due to movement of
trucks may contribute to some extent to the ambient noise. In order to protect the workers and
nearby population from excessive noise levels, if any, the following control measures are
proposed to deal with control of noise pollution both at source, during transmission and at
receiver’s end.
 Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs with in-built
mechanism to reduce noise emission.
 Blasting operations to be carried out during only in day time to avoid high noise in the
night time.
 A green belt will be made by selecting thick foliage and tall growing plants around
the mine lease area which will act as acoustic barriers in arresting noise transmission.
 Providing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed
continuously to the high noise zone / operation area i.e., to drillers and compressor
operator etc.
 Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones.
 Use of sharp drilling bits, delivery of compressed air at optimal pressure.
 Corrective & preventive maintenance of Vehicle & machinery including transport
vehicles.
 Providing rubber lining at screening decks to reduce noise generation.
 Blasting noise shall be minimized / reduced by using optimum spacing and burden
with proper charge.
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10.2.4 Vibration
The vibration levels from the designed blasting pattern are expected to be well below the
permissible limits, as the drilling and blasting will be carried- out with jack-hammer drills of
33 mm dia. The following mitigation measures shall be adopted.
10.2.4.1
Mitigation Measures for Vibration
o Peck particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and
residential building should be well within 12.5 mm / sec.
o To contain fly rocks, stemming column will not be less than the burden of the hole
and the blasting area should be muffled.
o A danger-zone of 500 m from the blasting site shall be monitored.
o Charge weight used per hole will not exceed 300 gm
o Stemming column shall be more than the burden to avoid blow-out shots.
o Each blast shall be carefully planned, supervised, executed.
10.2.5 Solid Waste & Hazardous Waste Generation
The various waste materials generated from the technological processes would be reutilized
to the extent possible. Other waste materials which cannot be reused are planned to be
dumped in an environmental friendly manner in a designated area with required
environmental control measures.
The Solid waste and Hazardous waste generation from the plant is given in Table 10.2.
Table 10.2: Solid waste and Hazardous waste generation
Source
Mine

Waste
Over
Burden
Waste
Quantity
32,44,901
Tonnes
(during 4 year
/ Plan Period)
Utilization Plan
Shall be utilized for toe of the dump
retention wall with garland drain to
arrest wash off from the dump slope.
Biodegradable waste from canteen
will be composted and utilized for
green belt development within the
Mine lease area.
Organic Canteen and colony waste will be composted with suitable composting
technique and the general inorganic solid waste shall be disposed to municipal
authorities.
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
Hazardous waste (Used Oil) generated from D.G Sets will be collected and stored in
barrels or drums and later handed over to Karnataka State Pollution Control Board
(KSPCB) authorized reprocessors.
Table 10.3: Hazardous Waste Management
Source
Generator/
Lubricants
10.3
Waste
Used oil
Quantity
200-250 KL per
year
Utilization plan
Shall be sold to the
approved/authorized
recycler/reprocessors.
Biological Environment
10.3.1 Green belt
Adequate green belt is being provided all around the plant and inside the lease area. Locally
available types of trees, which are resistant to pollutants is being planned.
10.3.1.1
Ecological Aspects
The following measures are proposed to have minimum impact on ecology of the Project
area:



Zero discharge of wastewater from the proposed expansion project during the
operation stage.
Continuing greening efforts in and around the project site.
Conservation of existing vegetation and afforestation are covering larger areas near
and around existing project area.
Table 10.4: Recommended Plant Species for Green Belt Development
Plant Species
Acacia auriculiformis
Azadirachta indica
Bougainvillea spectabilis
Ixora rosea
Habit
Lawsonia inermis (Mendi)
Tree
Tree
Shrub
Small
tree
Shrub
Peltophorum pterocarpum
Polylathia longifolia
Tree
Tree
Tolerance
limit
Tolerant
T
T
T
Stomatal
Index
10.9
29.2
32.53
20.30
T
17.0
T
T
16.68
22.27
Mode of
Regeneration
Seeds
Seeds
Cutting
Stem cutting
Seeds /stem
cutting
Seeds
Seeds
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Sesbania sesban
Tamarindus indica
Tectona grandis
Terminalia alata
Shrub
Tree
Tree
Tree
Tolerance
limit
T
T
T
T
Thespesia populnea
Tree
T
29.81
Thevetia peruviana
Shrub
T
27.8
Plant Species
10.4
Habit
Stomatal
Index
19.2
18.4
23.48
NA
Mode of
Regeneration
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds
Seeds /stem
cutting
Seeds /stem
cutting
Seeds /stem
cutting
Action Plan and Management System
Management has proposed the following action plan for various environmental, social and
economical issues as detailed in the below Table No. 10.5.
Table No. 10.5: Action Plan for various Environmental, Social and Economical Issues
Sr.
No.
1.
2.
Action Plan
Type of Pollutions
Air Pollution
Noise Pollution
During Mining Operation

Air/Fugitive Emission monitoring will be
carried-out to ensure proper functioning of
different major equipment as per statutory
requirement.

Green barriers with tall growing thick foliage
plants species will be developed around the
lease area to arrest noise transmission and
dust dispersion.

Environmental monitoring of air quality to
take mid-course correction, if required to keep
the pollution constituent with-in the
permissible limits always.

Entire drilling process will be Wet and wet in
nature, hence no air pollution from the mine.

Providing
PPE
(Personal
Protective
Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed
continuously to the high noise zone /
operation area.
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
Corrective & preventive maintenance of plant
& machinery including transport vehicles.

Transport vehicles engaged are ensured for
not over speeding, their fitness certificate,
pollution under control (PUC) certificate etc.
Providing rubber lining at screening decks to
reduce noise generation.

3.
Water Pollution

All the equipment in different new units be
designed /operated in such a way that the
noise level shall not exceed 85 dB (A) as per
statute.

Construction of parapet wall of appropriate
dimension all along the toe of ore stock.

Regular monitoring and analyzing the quality
of water.
Systematic drainage system for diverting the
surface run-off during monsoon.



4.
Soil Pollution
5.
Solid & Hazardous 
Waste Management
6.
7.
Green
Development
The company has proposed to take up
extensive afforestation works; rain water
harvesting
system
and
water
shed
management in the area.
Regular monitoring will be conducted.
Over Burden / Waste will be used to construct
a toe of the dump retention wall with garland
drain to arrest wash off from the dump slope

Used oil will be
reprocessor/recycler.

Domestic waste water will be treated in the
CPCB Approved Septic Tank & Soak Pit
Belt 
3.65 Ha of the area will be reserved for Green
Belt Development.

A six monthly review of the health of the
plants planted is being carried out.

Regular watering, manuring and hoeing of the
area of the plantation are carried out.

Database will be created for individual
worker and will be updated regularly to
compare health status.

Doctor specialized in Occupational health will
Occupation Health &
Safety
sold
to
authorized
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be appointed for special needs

Regular health checkups for all the employees
will be conducted.
Development of Approach Roads for all the
identified Villages.
Already 66 no’s employment was provided and
another 66 no’s employment will be provided
and the priority will be given to local eligible
population.
8.
Road infrastructure

9.
Socio-Economic
Development


Once in six months medical services will be
provided in the nearby villages.

Involving Women in Plantation Programme.

Drinking water will be provided to the nearby
villages,

Sanitary facilities will be given to nearby
schools.
Constructed high school building in the nearby
Village.

10.
Emergency
Preparedness

An emergency organization including key
personnel has been established.

A control room equipped with all emergency
equipment and communication facilities has
been established.
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CHAPTER -11
SUMMARY &
CONCLUSION
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER – 11
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1Introduction
M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited is a Government of Karnataka undertaking established in
the year 1996 with main objective of systematic mining and planned development of mineral
resources in the State. The main activities of the company are Exploration, Development of
Mineral Resources, Extraction and Marketing of Minerals and Granites.
The Thagadur Chromite Mine, its existing production is 0.26 Lakh tones Annum with open
cast mining method & having more demand in the market. In view of the same, MML is
proposes to increase its production from 0.26 Lakh tones per annum to 1.062 Lakh tones
Anuum at Thagadur Village, Channarayapatana Taluk, Hassan District, Karnataka. The mine
details are given in Table 11.1.
Table 11.1 Details of Mine
Project
: Thagadur Chromite Mine
Project Proponent
Location
Area
: M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited
: Thagadur Village, Nanjungud Taluk, Mysore District,
Karnataka State.
: 614.99 ha
Production
Capacity
: Expansion Capacity from 0.26 Lakh tones annum to
1.062 Lakh tones annum.
11.2`Site Location and Accessibility
Thagadur Chromite Mines is situated 25 km North-west of Channarayapatana town in
Channarayapatana Taluk of Hassan District in Karnataka State.
Accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or rail is easy. No
problem is envisaged in accessibility and transportation of heavy equipment to site by road or
rail as nearest road is Channarayapatana – Nuggehalli road passes within 2-3 kms from
lease boundary on southern side. The Railway line Bengaluru – Mangalore passes through
Arsikere which about 75 km from the lease. The nearest airport is Bengaluru which is about
175 km away from mining lease area, thus the transportation of finished products to various
sites is easy and economical.. Details of the locations are given in Table 11.2.
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Fig 11.1: Route through Google
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Table 11.2: Location Details
Mine Lease Nos.
2477
Survey Nos.
Longitude
Latitude
Village
Tehsil
District
North Side: Part of Navile V.B and Rayasamudra Kaval
South Side: Part of Sy. No. 1, 112, 168 & 107
East Side: Part of Rayasamudra Kaval Sy. No. 1, 4, 5, 11, 12, 2,
125 & 126.
West Side: Navile, Rangapur, Lakkarasanahalli, Thagadur.
E: 76° 26´ 40¨ - E: 76° 27´ 30¨
N: 13° 01´ 50¨ - N: 13° 04´ 30¨
Thagadur
Channarapatana
Hassan
State
Karnataka
11.3
Topography
The mining lease area is an undulating terrain having gentle slope both Eastrly and
Westerly. The general counter of lease hold area ranges from 911 to 973 mtrs. Above MSL.
Few seasonal Nallahs are observed in the area towards North West, North East and Central
part of the area and flow only during monsoon and remains dry during other seasons. The
surrounding area of the Mining lease block is using for cultivation of Coconut, Sugar
cane and seasonal crops such as Ragi and Maize. The area receives a moderate rainfall
ranging from 500-600 mm annually and under sub-tropical climate.
11.4
Drainage
The drainage pattern of the area is dendritic to sub-dendritic in nature. The nallahs are
seasonal in nature and remain dry most of time excepting during the short period of actual
rainfall. There are no any water course / bodies within the Mining Lease Area.
11.5 Production Details
The details of Production of Chromite and Titaniferrous Magnetite Development Proposed
for coming four years period is given in the Table 11.3 and Table 11.4.
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Table 11.3: Production & Development Details of Chromite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
27,740
33,060
39,140
45,220
7,00,315
5,25,547
7,33,579
11,50,050
1:25.24
1:15:89
1:18.74
1:25.43
Total
1,45,160
31,09,491
1:21.42
Table 11.4: Production & Development Details of Titaniferrous Magnetite
Unit in tones
Year
Production
Qnty. of O/B
Ore to O/B Ratio
2013-2014
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
33,775
51,100
51,975
51,975
25,190
33,660
34,650
41,910
1:0.74
1:0.65
1:0.66
1:0.80
Total
1,88,825
1,35,410
1:0.71
11.6 Waste Disposal
The waste generated from the process will be Over Burden and the same will be utilized in
the back filling in the working pit. The water and tailings will be separated by employing new
technology. Domestic water will be treated in the treated in CPCB approved septic tank &
soak pits.
11.7 Employment Potential
Thagadur Chromite Mine is existing mine, 66 nos. peoples are working and also MML is
proposed create employment potential up to 66 people and preference will be given to local
community.
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11.8 Environmental Description
11.8.1 Meteorology
Study Period
Winter 2013-14 (December 2013, January - February 2014)
Predominant wind direction is SE to NW.
Table No: 11.5: Salient Features of the Project
Site location
Thagadur Village, Channarapatana Taluk, Hassan
District.
State
Karnataka
Land availability
614.99 ha
Relative humidity % 32-100%
(during study period)
Temperature
(during 7.6 Deg. C. minimum
study period)
20.2 Deg. C. maximum
Rain fall (Annual)
1031 mm average
Nearest town (Aerial)
Channarayapatna – 25.0 Km
Nearest cities (Aerial)
Channarayapatna – 25.0 Km
Nearest airport (Aerial) Bengaluru – 175.0 Km
Nearest rail heads
Bengaluru – Mangalore railway head at 75.0 Km
from the mine site
Source of water
Bhuvanahalli Kere which is 2.5 km from the mine
site.
11.8.2 Baseline Ambient Air Quality
The design of monitoring network in the air quality surveillance program was based on
topography/terrain of the study area, human settlements, Wind Pattern, representation of
regional background levels, accessibility of monitoring sites and resource availability.
The scenario of the existing Ambient Air Quality in the study region has been assessed
through a network of 4 Ambient Air Quality locations in the buffer zone and 3 monitoring
location in the core zone. The data thus obtained is considered for preparing the EIA report.
Ambient Air Quality locations are given in Table 11.6 and summary of Ambient Air Quality
is given in Table 11.7.
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Table 11.6: Ambient Air Quality Locations with Distance
Distance in
Km
Direction
Core Zone
FA-1 Working Pit
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
FA-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
FA-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Geographical Location
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
6.0
A-5
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
A-6
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
A-7
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
Table No: 11.7: Summaries of Ambient Air Quality Data (Average Conc.)
Units: µg / m3
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Core Zone
A-1 Working Pit
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
µg / m
48
17
14.5
16.9
A-2
Dumping Area
45
24
13.4
15.7
A-3
Main Haulage Road
49
17
11.7
17.0
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Code
Name of Sampling Location
Buffer Zone
A-4 Thagadur Village
PM10
PM2.5
SO2
NOX
3
µg / m
46
15
11.4
13.7
A-5
Honnamaranahalli Village
46
16
11.6
13.9
A-6
Verupakshapura Village
45
15
11.2
13.0
A-7
Chekkonahalli Village
46
15
10.5
12.8
100
60
80
80
80
80
CPCB AAQ Standards
Industrial Areas
100
Residential, Rural & Other Areas
100
The ambient air quality observed during the study period is well within the prescribed
National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed by CPCB.
11.8.3 Ambient Noise Levels
The data thus obtained is considered for preparing this report. Noise monitoring locations are
given in Table 11.8 and present noise level at study area is given in Table 11.9.
Table 11.8: Noise Monitoring Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Core Zone
N-1 Working Pit
Distance in
Km
Direction
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'51.54"
Latitude: N: 13°02'16.58"
MSL: 920 m
Geographical Location
N-2
Dumping Area
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°27'01.26"
Latitude: N: 13°02'29.49"
MSL: 932 m
N-3
Main Haulage Road
--
--
Longitude: E: 076°26'48.14"
Latitude: N: 1°02'19.36"
MSL: 926 m
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Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Distance in
Km
Direction
Geographical Location
Buffer Zone
N-4
Thagadur Village
6.0
N-5
SE
Longitude: E: 076°28'19.19"
Latitude: N: 13°01'51.58"
MSL: 919 m
NE
Longitude: E: 076°27'11.80"
Latitude: N: 13°04'34.88"
MSL: 880 m
Verupakshapura Village
4.0
N-7
S
Longitude: E: 076°27'38.18"
Latitude: N: 13°00'58.61"
MSL: 906 m
Honnamaranahalli Village
3.5
N-6
NW
Longitude: E: 076°25'49.21"
Latitude: N: 13°02'27.55"
MSL: 906 m
Chekkonahalli Village
2.5
Table No: 11.9: The present Noise levels were measured at 7 locations
Villages / Parameters
Day Time
Night Time
Working Pit
Dumping Area
Main Haulage Road
Thagadur Village
Honnamaranahalli Village
Verupakshapura Village
Min
63.9
61.1
60.5
48.5
42.5
43.2
Max
67.0
64.9
65.1
55.9
50.7
50.6
Min
46.5
46.0
46.5
39.3
32.8
32.3
Max
52.0
50.8
53.8
46.3
39.3
39.1
Chekkonahalli Village
44.4
51.5
36.2
40.8
It is observed that the noise values obtained were within the prescribed Ambient Air Quality
Standards with respect to Noise.
11.8.4: Water Quality
The water samples were collected from the available ground water and surface water sources
and have been analyzed to assess the quality of water and any impacts on the quality of water
due to the proposed project. The surface and ground water quality sampling location details
are given in Table 11.10 & Table 11.11.
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11.8.4.1 Surface Water Quality
The nearest Water body is Bhuvanahalli Kere which is at a distance of about 2.5 km from the
mining lease area.
Table 11.10: Surface Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling Location
Distance
in Km
Direction
Surface Water Sampling Locations
SW1
Bhuvanahalli Kere
2.5
N
11.8.4.2 Ground Water Quality
Five Bore well has been selected to test the characteristics. Bore well at mine lease area, Bore
well water at Thagadur Village which is at a distance of 6.0 km towards South Direction,
Bore well at Honnamaranahalli Village which is at a distance of 3.5 km towards South-east
direction, Bore well at Verupakshapura Village which is at a distance of 4.0 km towards
South-east direction, Bore well at Chekkonahalli Village which is at a distance of 2.5 km
towards North-east direction.
Table 11.11: Ground Water Sampling Locations with Distance
Code
Name of Sampling
Location
Ground Water Sampling Locations
GW1 Bore well water at Mining
Lease Area
GW2 Borewell water at Thagadur
Village
GW3
GW4
GW5
Borewell
water
at
Honnamaranahalli Village
Borewell
water
at
Verupakshapura Village
Borewell
water
at
Chekkonahalli Village
Distance
in Km
Direction
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
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11.8.4.3 Analysis of Water Sample
11.8.4.3.1 Surface Water
No Surface Water samples were collected during the study period due to non-availability of
the same (dried-up).
11.8.4.3.2 Ground Water Sample:
The Analysis of Ground water in the study area for Winter 2013- 2014 season is summarized
in Table 11.12.
Table No: 11.12: Summary of Ground Water Quality
Unit: mg/l
Parameter
Standards
Results
Désirable Limits
TDS
Iron
CaCO3
Cl
NO3
772-1206
500
0.06-0.4
0.3
421.4-666.4
300
151.7-342.4
250
2.8-7.0
45
2000
1.0
600
Permissible Limits
11.8.5
1000
No Relaxation
Soil Quality
Five locations were selected for analyzing the soil quality status both in core & buffer zone.
Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core Zone is given in Table 11.13.
Table No: 11.13 Soil Sampling Locations with distance from the Core Zone
Code
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
Name of Sampling Location
Mine site
Agricultural
Soil
Thagadur Village
Direction
Distance
in Km
--
--
6.0
NW
3.5
S
4.0
SE
2.5
NE
near
Agricultural
Soil
near
Honnamaranahalli Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Verupakshapura Village
Agricultural
Soil
near
Chekkonahalli Village
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The findings are:
o
o
o
o
o
o
11.8.6
pH varies from 6.92 to 7.34
The Nitrogen content varies from 8366.1 to 10732.7 Kg/ha
The Phosphorous content is between 371.9 to 538.4 Kg/ha
The Potassium concentration was 50.5 mg to 93 mg /100 gm
The Sodium varies from 10.6 to 16.2 mg/100 gm
The texture of the soil in the study area observed to be of clay loam type.
Socio Economics
There is no human habitation in the core zone. The socio economic condition is summarized
as below. Population Details at study area is given in Table 11.14.
Table 11.14 Population Details
Population
2011
Census
Total No of
House
Holds
Total
Population
10191
62764
Others
S.C
M
F
T
18584
18309
36893
M
S.T
F
M
7100 6939 5823
F
6009
11.8.7 Biological Environment
There are no endemic species or endangered species of flora and fauna.
11.9 Environmental Impacts and Management Plan
11.9.1 Air Environment
The proposed expansion of Mining activity is in proposes in the Revenue and Animal
Husbandry land covering an area of 614.99 ha. Main source of air pollution in the mine is
main sources of fugitive emissions are raw material unloading, raw material handling,
material transfer points, storage bin etc. in addition to this, dust generation due to operation
of HEMMs in the mine and tipper movement on the road.
11.9.1.1
Mitigation Measures
Management proposes the following effective control measures;
 Dust Extraction System to be used in Drill Machines
 Use of Sharp drill bits for drilling Holes and drills with Water Flushing System (Wet
Drilling) to reduce dust generation.
 Ore carrying trucks will be effectively covered with tarpaulin.
 Water spraying on roads, waste dumps, sub-grade stacks and mine faces.
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 Drilling by using dust extractors.
 Well designed blast by effective stemming and use of optimum charge.
 Transport vehicles will be regularly checked for their environmental fitness like
pollution under control and fitness etc.
 Green barriers with tall growing thick foliage plants species will be developed around
the mine lease area towards noise transmission and dust dispersion.
 For safety of workers at site, engaged at strategic locations/dust generation points
Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE) would be provided and ensured for using the
same.
 Environmental monitoring of air quality to take mid-course correction, if required to
keep the pollution constituent with-in the permissible limits always.
 Construction of well designed haulage roads.
 Monitoring of air quality periodically to take necessary steps to keep the pollution
with-in the permissible limits.
11.9.2
Noise Environment
The main sources of noise in the plant are classified into following types:


Operation of Mining Activity
Operation of Heavy Earth Moving Machinery (HEMMs).
11.9.2.1Mitigation Measures for Noise Control









Innovative approaches of using improvised plant and machinery designs with in-built
mechanism to reduce noise emission.
Blasting operations to be carried out during only in day time to avoid high noise in the
night time.
A green belt will be made by selecting thick foliage and tall growing plants around the
mine lease area which will act as acoustic barriers in arresting noise transmission.
Providing PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) to the personnel who are exposed
continuously to the high noise zone/ operation area i.e., to drillers and compressor
operator etc.
Display of sign boards at high noise generation zones.
Use of sharp drilling bits, delivery of compressed air at optimal pressure.
Corrective & preventive maintenance of Vehicle & machinery including transport
vehicles.
Providing rubber lining at screening decks to reduce noise generation.
Blasting noise shall be minimized / reduced by using optimum spacing and burden
with proper charge.
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11.9.2.2Vibration
The vibration levels from the designed blasting pattern are expected to be well below the
permissible limits, as the drilling and blasting will be carried- out with jack-hammer drills of
33 mm dia. The following mitigation measures shall be adopted.
11.9.2.3Mitigation Measures for Vibration
o Peck particle velocity or ground vibrations for safety of nearby structures and
residential building should be well within 12.5 mm/sec.
o To contain fly rocks, stemming column will not be less than the burden of the
hole and the blasting area should be muffled.
o A danger-zone of 500 m from the blasting site shall be monitored.
o Charge weight used per hole will not exceed 300 gm
o Stemming column shall be more than the burden to avoid blow-out shots.
o Each blast shall be carefully planned, supervised, executed.
11.9.3
Water Environment
The impact on water environment has been considered under the following heads:



Impact on Ground Water
Impact on Surface Water Bodies
Storm Water Management
The water requirement for the proposed expansion project is 124 m3/day and met from the
Borewell within the MLA. Since the entire mine lease is on top of the plateau and the surface
will be sloped inward from periphery towards inside, the storm water from outside the MLA
will not enter the MLA. The rainfall on the MLA will be accumulated n the mine pit which
will be pumped out through de-silting pits using pumps or will be allowed to seep into the
ground to recharge ground water regime.
Thus no adverse impact is envisaged on the surface or ground water regime of the area due to
the proposed expansion in the mining activity.
11.9.3.1 Mitigation Measures of Water Pollution
The chemical analysis of the iron ore does not show any toxic substance, which can dissolve
and pollute water quality.

Construction of parapet wall of appropriate dimension all along the toe of ore stock,
 Contour trench of appropriate width and depth all along the ore stock,
 Systematic drainage system for diverting the surface run-off during monsoon.
 Plantation of local varieties of species, so that there will be fast and healthy growth of
vegetation.
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
Regular monitoring and analyzing the quality of water
11.9.4
Land Environment
Proposed expansion of mining activities will be restricted over an area of 614.99 ha, is in
proposes in Revenue and Animal Husbandry land. There will not be any impact due to
operation of the mining to buffer zone land use.
11.9.4.1
Disposal of Waste
32,44,901 Tonnes (during 4 year Plan Period) of Over Burden / Waste will be generated as
solid waste which is utilized for toe of the dump retention wall with garland drain to arrest
wash off from the dump slope. The Hazardous waste such as used / spent oil will be disposed
off to authorized recyclers. The details of hazardous waste are given Table 11.15.
Table 11.15: Hazardous Waste Management
Source
Generator/
Lubricants
11.9.4.2
Waste
Used oil
Quantity
Utililization plan
200-250 MT per
year
Shall be sold to the
approved/authorized
recycler/reprocessors.
Mitigative Measures
There will be no negative impact due to solid waste disposal, it will be effectively used for
toe of the dump retention wall with garland drain to arrest wash off from the dump slope. The
details of solid waste management are given in Table 11.16.
Table 11.16: Details of Solid Waste Recycling
Source
Mine
11.9.4.3
Waste
Over
Burden /
Waste
Quantity
Utilization Plan
32,44,901 Tonnes
(during 4 year Plan
Period)
Shall be utilized for toe of the
dump retention wall with garland
drain to arrest wash off from the
dump slope.
Afforestation
Plantation is proposed to be carried out around the Lease Area with tall growing having thick
foliage plant species.
All effort will be made to improve the survival rate of the saplings and their healthy growth
will be taken care of by simple methods like proper watering, fencing and after care.
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11.9.4.4
Resettlement
There are no human settlements within the project site area. The entire project area of 614.99
ha. The mining area is in Revenue and Animal Husbandry Lands. Hence, no resettlement and
rehabilitation is proposed.
11.10Biological Environment
There is no adverse impact on core-zone as well as buffer zone Flora and Fauna due to
proposed expansion in the mining production.
11.11 Demography & Socio Economic Environment
The objective is to demonstrate the range of potential impacts on communities and families
by the project. The actual impacts experienced at a given project site will depend on a variety
of factors.
The impact of the expansion in the mining activity on the surrounding community will be
positive in nature in improving the Quality of Life (QoL), economic status of the local people
and infrastructure in buffer zone.
11.11.1
Social Corporate Responsibility
The Management of MML is expansion project. It’s already undertaking many CSR activities
within the study area and also the management proposes to increase literacy levels within
buffer zone, by way of support to school going children through free distribution of books
and by way of supporting NGO’s for adult education.
Management will actively participate in the efforts by the local bodies and the Government to
improve the health and social status of the population living in the buffer zone villages.
Management proposes to extend the medical assistance to the local needy people by engaging
a part time Medical Officer on a regular basis.
However, management allocates necessary funds towards community developmental
activities in the buffer zone villages to improve the facilities such as school, health, road,
infrastructure, etc.
11.11.2 Other Tangible Benefits
The proposed expansion project is likely to have other tangible benefits as given below.

Indirect employment opportunities to local people in contractual works like housing
construction, transportation, sanitation, for supply of goods and services to the project
and other community services.

Market and business establishment facilities will also increase.
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
Cultural, recreation and aesthetic facilities will also improve.

Improvement in communication, transport, education, community development and
medical facilities.


Overall change in employment and income opportunity.
The State Government will also benefit directly from the proposed project, through
increased revenue from royalties, excise duty.
11.11.3 Occupational Health and Safety






11.12
Preliminary screening of all the employees for their baseline health condition.
Medical evaluation of workers condition before joining to the duty.
Educating the workers w.r.t the safety conditions & occupational health diseases.
Regular health checkups for all the employees will be conducted.
Database will be created for individual worker and will be updated regularly to
compare health status.
Doctor specialized in Occupational health will be appointed for special needs.
Post Project Monitoring
The company will undertake post project monitoring as per MoEF guidelines for all the
environmental attributes.
11.13 Financial Considerations
After an in-depth examination of the environment management plan, the management has
made a time specific budgetary cost allocation towards carrying out environmental related
works on a continuous basis and the same is given below in Table 11.17.
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Table 11.17: Proposed Costing Towards Environmental Protective Measures
Sr.
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
Activity
Recurring expenses
proposed/ annum
(Lakh Rs.)
Initial cost
(Lakh Rs.)
Air Pollution Control (Dust suppression by
water spraying)
Water Pollution Control Measures
Occupational Health & Safety
Environmental Monitoring
Socio-Economic Welfare Measures as a
corporate social responsibility (CSR)
Maintenance of HEMM (15% of the
equipment & machinery cost)
35.00
5.00
10.00
20.00
Nil
-
2.50
8.50
15.00
55.50
-
20.00
TOTAL
65.00
106.00
Project Cost: The estimated cost of the project is Rs. 200 Lakh.
11.14
Conclusion
It can be concluded that there would be negligible impact in the buffer zone due to the
proposed expansion in the production capacity in the mine. The project will contribute to the
socio-economic development, strengthening of infrastructural facilities like medical,
educational etc. The mine will be operated keeping “Sustainable Development” of the
region in mind.
Further, management is committed to contribute towards improving socio-economic status of
the surrounding local community.
Environmental monitoring is a successful tool for the management for implementation of
adequate & effective environmental measures. It also helps the management to take mid
course correction, if required based on the environmental monitoring results.
Considering the above overwhelming positive impact on the community, there will be overall
development of the area. Hence, it is requested that Environmental Clearance may be granted
for this very ambitious project of M/s. Mysore Minerals Limited.
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CHAPTER- 12
DETAILS OF
CONSULTANTS
EIA REPORT
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CHAPTER – 12
DETAILS OF CONSULTANTS
Name
of
Consultant:
METAMORPHOSISSM
Project
Consultants
Pvt.
Ltd.,
of
India
BENGALURU.
“Accreditated
EIA
Consultant
Organization”
from
Quality
Council
(QCI)/National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (NABET).
The details of the EIA Co-ordinator and Functional Area Experts involved in the project,
given in Table 12.1 and signature of the all the experts is enclosed as Annexure 29.
Table 12.1: Details of the EIA Co-ordinator and Functional Area Experts
Sr. No.
Name of the EIA Co-ordinator
1.
Dr. Shanth A. Thimmaiah
2.
Mr. Kantharaj. K – EIA Team Member
In-House Functional Area Experts
1.
2.
Dr. Shanth A.
Air Pollution Control, Air Quality Modeling,
Thimmaiah
Water Pollution Control & Socio-Economics.
Mr. Kantharaj K.
Hydrology, ground water & conservation and
Geology
3.
Mrs. Sreelekha K.S
Land Use.
4.
Dr. Shanth A.
Socio-Economics.
Thimmaiah
Empanelled Functional Area Experts
1.
Dr. Harsha Vardhan
Noise & Vibration, Risk Hazardous & Solid Waste
Management.
2.
Dr. Nagaraj B.C
Soil Conservation, Ecology & Bio-diversity.
3
Dr. Venkat Reddy
Hydrology, ground water & conservation and
Geology
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Sr. No.
Additional EIA Team Memebrs
1.
Mr. Kusha K.M
Eoclogy & Biodiversity
2.
Mr. Tamil Selvan
Air Quality & Solid & Harzardous Waste
Management
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